44 research outputs found

    La representación social del alcohol en una población de edad avanzada quilombo

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    Objective: understand the words evoked by elders of a quilombola population about alcohol consumption. Method: this is a mixed-approach (quantitative and qualitative) research. The Free-Speech Evoking Technique was used with the inductive term “alcohol consumption”. The analysis was performed using EVOC 2005 software. A form with sociodemographic questions was used, and the statistical analysis was performed with SPSS software, version 21. Results: participants interviewed were 60 elderly, mostly were female and with low schooling. Conclusion: the social representations on the alcohol consumption were negative, which shows meanings linked to the high consumption of alcohol and to the problems deriving from this consumption.Objectivo: comprender las palabras evocadas por ancianos de una población quilombola acerca del consumo de alcohol. Metodo: se trata de una investigación de enfoque mixto (cuantitativa). Se utilizó la Técnica de Evocación Libre de Palabras con el término inductor “Consumo de bebidas alcohólicas” el análisis fue realizado a través del software EVOC 2005. Se utilizó un formulario con cuestiones sociodemográficas, con análisis en el software SPSS versión 21. Resultados: fueron entrevistados 60 ancianos, mayoría del sexo femenino y con baja escolaridad. Conclusión: las representaciones sociales, acerca del consumo de bebidas alcohólicas se mostraron negativas, lo que emerge significaciones atadas al alto consumo de alcohol y la problematización que viene con este.Objetivo: compreender as palavras evocadas por idosos de uma população quilombola acerca do consumo de álcool. Método: trata-se de uma pesquisa de abordagem mista (quanti-qualitativa). Utilizou-se a Técnica de Evocação Livre de Palavras com o termo indutor “Consumo de bebidas alcoólicas”. A análise foi realizada através do software EVOC 2005. Utilizou-se um formulário com questões sociodemográficas, com análise no software SPSS, versão 21. Resultados: foram entrevistados 60 idosos, a maioria do sexo feminino e com baixa escolaridade. Conclusão: as representações sociais acerca do consumo de bebidas alcoólicas se mostraram negativas, o que emerge significações atreladas ao alto consumo de álcool e à problematização advinda com este

    Alzheimer precoce e o impacto social

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    A literature review is presented on early Alzheimer's disease (AD) and its social impact on the lives of people with the disease, as well as on their caregivers from 2012 to 2021. An advanced search was carried out in the databases of the Virtual Health Library (VHL): Medline, Lilacs and IBECS. The following keywords were used to search for articles: early alzheimer's, social impact and AND connective. Of the 15 articles analyzed, after applying the relevance tests, 10 articles were selected, presented as studies of prevalence and risk factors. The comprehensive and comparative analysis of the investigations demonstrated the risk factors for Alzheimer's disease, its prevalence and some physical impacts noticed in those who have the disease, such as risk of falls, sleep disturbances, increase in the number of hospitalizations, as well as psychosocial impacts both patients and their caregivers. Therefore, it was found that early Alzheimer's disease generates physical, psychological and, above all, social impacts.Apresenta-se uma revisão de literatura sobre a doença de Alzheimer (DA) precoce e seu impacto social na vida dos portadores da doença, bem como na de seus cuidadores no período de 2012 a 2021. Foi realizada uma busca avançada nas bases de dados da Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS): Medline, Lilacs e IBECS. Para a busca dos artigos foram utilizadas as seguintes palavras chave: alzheimer precoce, impacto social e conectivo AND. Dos 15 artigos analisados, após aplicação dos testes de relevância, foram selecionados 10 artigos apresentados como estudos de prevalência e de fatores de risco. A análise compreensiva e comparativa das investigações demonstrou os fatores de risco para doença de Alzheimer, a sua prevalência e alguns impactos físicos notados naqueles que possuem a doença, como risco de quedas, distúrbios no sono, aumento no número de hospitalizações, bem como impactos psicossociais tanto nos pacientes como nos seus cuidadores. Portanto, verificou-se que a doença de Alzheimer precoce gera impactos físicos, psicológicos e, sobretudo, sociais

    Abdominal aortic aneurysm is associated with a variant in low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1

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    Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a common cause of morbidity and mortality and has a significant heritability. We carried out a genome-wide association discovery study of 1866 patients with AAA and 5435 controls and replication of promising signals (lead SNP with a p value < 1 × 10-5) in 2871 additional cases and 32,687 controls and performed further follow-up in 1491 AAA and 11,060 controls. In the discovery study, nine loci demonstrated association with AAA (p < 1 × 10-5). In the replication sample, the lead SNP at one of these loci, rs1466535, located within intron 1 of low-density-lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 (LRP1) demonstrated significant association (p = 0.0042). We confirmed the association of rs1466535 and AAA in our follow-up study (p = 0.035). In a combined analysis (6228 AAA and 49182 controls), rs1466535 had a consistent effect size and direction in all sample sets (combined p = 4.52 × 10-10, odds ratio 1.15 [1.10-1.21]). No associations were seen for either rs1466535 or the 12q13.3 locus in independent association studies of coronary artery disease, blood pressure, diabetes, or hyperlipidaemia, suggesting that this locus is specific to AAA. Gene-expression studies demonstrated a trend toward increased LRP1 expression for the rs1466535 CC genotype in arterial tissues; there was a significant (p = 0.029) 1.19-fold (1.04-1.36) increase in LRP1 expression in CC homozygotes compared to TT homozygotes in aortic adventitia. Functional studies demonstrated that rs1466535 might alter a SREBP-1 binding site and influence enhancer activity at the locus. In conclusion, this study has identified a biologically plausible genetic variant associated specifically with AAA, and we suggest that this variant has a possible functional role in LRP1 expression

    Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

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    Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

    Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

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    Genome-wide association identifies nine common variants associated with fasting proinsulin levels and provides new insights into the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes.

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    OBJECTIVE: Proinsulin is a precursor of mature insulin and C-peptide. Higher circulating proinsulin levels are associated with impaired β-cell function, raised glucose levels, insulin resistance, and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Studies of the insulin processing pathway could provide new insights about T2D pathophysiology. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: We have conducted a meta-analysis of genome-wide association tests of ∼2.5 million genotyped or imputed single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and fasting proinsulin levels in 10,701 nondiabetic adults of European ancestry, with follow-up of 23 loci in up to 16,378 individuals, using additive genetic models adjusted for age, sex, fasting insulin, and study-specific covariates. RESULTS: Nine SNPs at eight loci were associated with proinsulin levels (P < 5 × 10(-8)). Two loci (LARP6 and SGSM2) have not been previously related to metabolic traits, one (MADD) has been associated with fasting glucose, one (PCSK1) has been implicated in obesity, and four (TCF7L2, SLC30A8, VPS13C/C2CD4A/B, and ARAP1, formerly CENTD2) increase T2D risk. The proinsulin-raising allele of ARAP1 was associated with a lower fasting glucose (P = 1.7 × 10(-4)), improved β-cell function (P = 1.1 × 10(-5)), and lower risk of T2D (odds ratio 0.88; P = 7.8 × 10(-6)). Notably, PCSK1 encodes the protein prohormone convertase 1/3, the first enzyme in the insulin processing pathway. A genotype score composed of the nine proinsulin-raising alleles was not associated with coronary disease in two large case-control datasets. CONCLUSIONS: We have identified nine genetic variants associated with fasting proinsulin. Our findings illuminate the biology underlying glucose homeostasis and T2D development in humans and argue against a direct role of proinsulin in coronary artery disease pathogenesis

    Le savant et son époque à travers sa correspondance Seeger A. Bonebakker (1923-2005) et quelques notes sur Ḫalīl b. Aybak al-Ṣafadī (696-764/1297-1363)

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    This article proposes a survey of two great scholars’ in Arabic literature correspondences: a European of the 20th century, Seeger Adrianus Bonebakker, who is of special interest for us because he bequeathed all of his great library, personal notes and correspondence to Università Ca’ Foscari, and a subject of study of the former, Ḫalīl b. Aybak al-Ṣafadī, great littérateur and scholar of the first century of the Mamluk period. Letters sent and received are preserved in both cases and are primary sources on their network, but also on their personal life, personality and methodology

    Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

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    Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

    Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

    Get PDF
    Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost
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