A REVIEW ON COMMERCIAL RUMORS AND ONLINE COMMERCIAL RUMORS

We encounter rumors at every stage of life. Just as rumors can affect people's attitudes, intentions and behaviors, commercial rumors can also affect consumers and firms. The increasing use of digital communication channels, especially social media, increases the importance of commercial rumors for businesses. The increase in the number of people interacting with each other on the internet causes an increase in the social impact on consumption behaviors. To mitigate the negative effects of commercial rumors, it is important to know the nature, types and characteristics of rumors and factors that influence the spread of rumors. However, it is seen that the interest in the subject of commercial rumors is limited, especially in the domestic marketing literature. In this research, firstly, the concepts of rumor and commercial rumor are explained with examples. Then, the leading researches on the variables related to the effects and spread of commercial rumors in the traditional and digital communication environment are explained. In addition, the usability of Attribution Theory in the spread of commercial rumors is discussed. Finally, suggestions are made to researchers and businesses

A nationwide survey of prophylaxis against ophthalmia neonatorum in Turkey

Aim: To analyze the current practice of neonatal conjunctivitis (ophthalmia neonatorum) prophylaxis in Turkey. Materials and methods: A standard questionnaire that collected information regarding the name and location of the clinical setting, the name and dosage of the medication used to prevent neonatal conjunctivitis (if there was any), and the department and preference concerning which health workers should administer the agent (gynecologist, pediatrician, or midwife) was prepared and administered to 24 university hospitals as well as to 24 registered community hospitals that had both pediatric and obstetric units. Results: Neonatal conjunctivitis prophylaxis was administered by 58.3% of the respondents (university hospitals [66.7%] and community hospitals [50%]). The 2 most frequently used substances were gentamycin 18/28 (64.3%) and tobramycin 4/28 (8.3%). Other substances were tetracycline, silver nitrate, povidone-iodine, bacitracin + neomycin, and penicillin G. Conclusion: A nationwide consensus on the clinical department that should be involved, which health workers should administer the agent (gynecologist, pediatrician, or midwife), and which substance should be used for ophthalmia neonatorum prophylaxis must be reached. By using a similar survey other Countries may also assess their Current situation, and decrease the occurrence of neonatal conjunctivitis and neonatal blindness by administering the appropriate substances

Plasma treatment in textile industry

Plasma technology applied to textiles is a dry, environmentally- and worker-friendly method to achieve surface alteration without modifying the bulk properties of different materials. In particular, atmospheric non-thermal plasmas are suited because most textile materials are heat sensitive polymers and applicable in a continuous processes. In the last years plasma technology has become a very active, high growth research field, assuming a great importance among all available material surface modifications in textile industry. The main objective of this review is to provide a critical update on the current state of art relating plasma technologies applied to textile industryFernando Oliveira (SFRH/BD/65254/2009) acknowledges Fundacao para a Cioncia e Tecnologia, Portugal, for its doctoral grant financial support. Andrea Zille (C2011-UMINHO-2C2T-01) acknowledges funding from Programa Compromisso para a Cioncia 2008, Portugal

The combination of atmospheric plasma and chemical treatments for antibacterial finish on cotton

The aim of this study was to investigate the incorporation of triclosan based chemical into cyclodextrin based commercial product, bonded onto cotton fabric with and without plasma modification. The treated samples were characterized by SEM analysis. The antibacterial activities of the washed and unwashed samples were evaluated according to the AATCC Test Method 147-1998 and some physical properties were also investigated. It was observed that after the combination process of triclosan, cyclodextrin and atmospheric plasma modification, cotton fabric was able to retain its antibacterial activity up to the 5 washing cycles at 60°C

Mutations in Influenza A Virus (H5N1) and Possible Limited Spread, Turkey, 2006

We report mutations in influenza A virus (H5N1) strains associated with 2 outbreaks in Turkey. Four novel amino acid changes (Q447L, N556K, and R46K in RNA polymerase and S133A in hemagglutinin) were detected in virus isolates from 2 siblings who died

The assessment of bacterial nanocellulose functionalized with metal nanoparticles

[Excerpt] Introduction Biocompatibility is one of the mandatory requirements of indwelling medical devices to avoid foreign body reactions and consequential surgical removal.This research was funded by FEDER funds through the Operational Competitiveness Program–COMPETE, under the project POCI-01-0247-FEDER-068924 and by National Funds through Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia (FCT), under the project UID/CTM/00264/2020. Cátia Alves, Liliana Melro, Behnaz Mehravani, and Ana Isabel Ribeiro acknowledge FCT, MCTES, FSE, and UE PhD grants 2022.10454.BD, 2020.04919.BD, 2022.13094.BD, and SFRH/BD/137668/2018

Surface modification of natural fibers in polymer composites

Over the past few years, fibrous materials have found widespread applications in different technological areas including the automotive industry due to their versatile properties. Natural fibers, in particular, are cheap, abundant, biocompatible, and biodegradable, which has motivated many researchers worldwide to explore their potential applications in various industrial sectors. Nevertheless, these types of fibers show some limitations such as high moisture absorption and subsequent swelling and degradation, poor fire resistance, nonhomogeneity of their mechanical properties and poor interfacial interactions with polymeric or cementitious matrices. The fibers surface functionalization using different approaches like physical, chemical, or biological could be the solution to overcome most of the drawbacks related to the use of natural fibers, especially the compatibility between the fiber and the polymeric matrix. Herein, a detailed description of the techniques commonly employed in the modification of natural cellulose fibers will be presented. Several examples will also be shown regarding the application of these natural fibers in polymer composites for possible use in automotive applications

Investigation of biosurfactant usage in raw wool scouring by response surface methodology

In recent years, there is a growing demand for eco-friendly chemicals for sustainable textiles. This paper examines an eco-friendly chemical, plant-derived biosurfactant, for scouring of raw wool. Box-Behnken response surface experimental design was chosen to study and optimize the influence of process variables; on the whiteness, weight loss and grease content of wool fibers. The regression model provided a good explanation of the relationship among the independent variables and the response. The morphological and chemical changes of wool fibers were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), respectively. The chemical oxygen demand (COD) of the effluents was measured in order to determine wastewater quality. The achieved results indicated that the plant-derived biosurfactant Quillaja saponaria saponin could be an environmental friendly alternative for scouring of raw wool