Una aproximación a la explicación de la violencia contra sindicatos agrarios en Colombia, 1990 - 2018

RESUMEN: La presente investigación explora los factores explicativos del comportamiento de los índices de la violencia contra los trabajadores agrarios entre el año 1990 y 2018 aportando una contextualización regional que permita cruzar los datos estadísticos (proporcionados por la Escuela Nacional Sindical) con los posibles factores del contexto que van hilando la forma particular que en la victimización se manifiesta según región, municipio y temporalidad. Finalmente evidencia como la violencia antisindical del sector agrario se desprende de los procesos de pacificación regional en diferentes ámbitos: la pax laboral, la pax agrario y la homogenización política, según la diversidad de intereses por el control territorial en cada región.ABSTRACT: The present investigation explores the explanatory factors of the behavior of the rates of violence against agricultural workers between 1990 and 2018, providing a regional contextualization that allows cross-checking the statistical data (provided by the National Union School) with the possible contextual factors that they are spinning the particular form that in the victimization is manifested according to region, municipality and temporality. Finally, it shows how anti-union violence in the agrarian sector emerges from the regional pacification processes in different areas: the labor pax, the agrarian pax, and political homogenization, according to the diversity of interests for territorial control in each region

Pedagogical guide for vocational orientation for middle school teachers working in regular classrooms and with students within the autism spectrum in public schools in Bogotá

La educación inclusiva se posiciona como un enfoque educativo que garantiza la equidad de oportunidades para todos los estudiantes. En este proyecto se problematiza la carencia de procesos de orientación vocacional que se ajusten a las particularidades de todos los estudiantes. Por lo tanto, su objetivo se constituye en formular una guía de orientación vocacional dirigida a docentes de educación media que trabajan en aula regular con estudiantes con Trastorno del Espectro Autista (TEA) en colegios públicos de Bogotá. Su fundamentación teórica se articula en función de las categorías educación inclusiva, orientación vocacional y TEA. Se implementó la metodología holística proyectiva, que incluyó una revisión documental de guías de orientación vocacional nacionales y entrevistas semiestructuradas a docentes y estudiantes con y sin TEA. Como resultado, se diseñó la guía Un Mundo con Puertas Abiertas, Guía pedagógica de orientación vocacional para docentes que acompañan a estudiantes con y sin Trastorno del Espectro Autista. Se concluyó la necesidad de fortalecer los escenarios educativos para la educación inclusiva promoviendo entornos inclusivos para todos los estudiantes y proporcionando herramientas pedagógicas y conocimientos para guiar los procesos de orientación vocacional.Inclusive education is positioned as an educational approach that ensures equal opportunities for all students. This project addresses the lack of vocational guidance processes that cater to the specific needs of all students. Therefore, its objective is to formulate a vocational guidance guide aimed at secondary school teachers working in regular classrooms with students with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) in public schools in Bogotá. The theoretical foundation is based on the categories of inclusive education, vocational guidance, and ASD. The holistic projective methodology was implemented, which included a documentary review of national vocational guidance guides and semi-structured interviews with teachers and students with and without ASD. As a result, the Un Mundo con Puertas Abiertas, Guia pedagógica de orientación vocacional para docentes que acompañan a estudiantes con y sin Trastorno del Espectro Autista, was designed. It was concluded that there is a need to strengthen educational environments for inclusive education by promoting inclusive settings for all students and providing pedagogical tools and knowledge to guide vocational guidance processes.Magíster en EducaciónMaestrí

La consulta previa y su influencia en los proyectos de interés nacional estratégico en Colombia

Artículo de investigaciónLa consulta previa es un derecho fundamental que consiste en un mecanismo de participación de las comunidades étnicas e indígenas sobre las medidas administrativas o legislativas que pueden afectar su integridad social, cultural y económica, entre otros. El desarrollo que este mecanismo ha presentado en Colombia, según cifras del Ministerio del Interior (2018) puede calificarse como desmedido. En este sentido, es necesario realizar un análisis acerca del exceso de consultas previas presentadas hoy en día en Colombia. Lo anterior, tiene como finalidad identificar las posibles mejoras que pueden desarrollarse a través de la reglamentación consiente de los procesos de consulta previa, a partir de la identificación real de las afectaciones que puede constituir cada proyecto (PINES). Ponderando el interés general y la necesidad de los proyectos que se encuentran en marcha.1. INTRODUCCIÓN 2. LA CONSULTA PREVIA COMO DERECHO FUNDAMENTAL 3. FUNDAMENTO CONSTITUCIONAL DE LA CONSULTA PREVIA 4. AUTODETERMINACIÓN, CONSENTIMIENTO PREVIO LIBRE E INFORMADO DE LAS COMUNIDADES ÉTNICAS CONCLUSIONES REFERENCIAS 5. PROYECTOS DE INTERÉS NACIONAL Y ESTRATÉGICOS – PINES 6. LA CONSULTA PREVIA Y LOS PROYECTOS DE INTERÉS NACIONAL Y ESTRATÉGICOS – PINES. 7. LA CONSULTA PREVIA Y LA CONSULTA POPULAR Y SU INFLUENCIA EN EL DESARROLLO DEL PAÍSPregradoAbogad

Resultados Semilleros de Investigación 2009-2010

La publicación recoge los doce informes finales de investigación presentados por los estudiantes de ocho Semilleros 1 y cuatro Semilleros 2, correspondientes a la convocatoria 2009–2010 y se constituye en el Número 25 de la Serie de Investigaciones en Construcción, si bien este es el primer Número publicado en formato digital que UNIJUS se permite poner a disposición no sólo de la comunidad universitaria, sino también de la sociedad colombiana e internacional, interesada en los temas estudiados por los jóvenes investigadores de la Facultad de Derecho, Ciencias Políticas y Sociales de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia

Search for new particles in events with energetic jets and large missing transverse momentum in proton-proton collisions at root s=13 TeV

A search is presented for new particles produced at the LHC in proton-proton collisions at root s = 13 TeV, using events with energetic jets and large missing transverse momentum. The analysis is based on a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 101 fb(-1), collected in 2017-2018 with the CMS detector. Machine learning techniques are used to define separate categories for events with narrow jets from initial-state radiation and events with large-radius jets consistent with a hadronic decay of a W or Z boson. A statistical combination is made with an earlier search based on a data sample of 36 fb(-1), collected in 2016. No significant excess of events is observed with respect to the standard model background expectation determined from control samples in data. The results are interpreted in terms of limits on the branching fraction of an invisible decay of the Higgs boson, as well as constraints on simplified models of dark matter, on first-generation scalar leptoquarks decaying to quarks and neutrinos, and on models with large extra dimensions. Several of the new limits, specifically for spin-1 dark matter mediators, pseudoscalar mediators, colored mediators, and leptoquarks, are the most restrictive to date.Peer reviewe

Combined searches for the production of supersymmetric top quark partners in proton-proton collisions at root s=13 TeV

A combination of searches for top squark pair production using proton-proton collision data at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV at the CERN LHC, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 137 fb(-1) collected by the CMS experiment, is presented. Signatures with at least 2 jets and large missing transverse momentum are categorized into events with 0, 1, or 2 leptons. New results for regions of parameter space where the kinematical properties of top squark pair production and top quark pair production are very similar are presented. Depending on themodel, the combined result excludes a top squarkmass up to 1325 GeV for amassless neutralino, and a neutralinomass up to 700 GeV for a top squarkmass of 1150 GeV. Top squarks with masses from 145 to 295 GeV, for neutralino masses from 0 to 100 GeV, with a mass difference between the top squark and the neutralino in a window of 30 GeV around the mass of the top quark, are excluded for the first time with CMS data. The results of theses searches are also interpreted in an alternative signal model of dark matter production via a spin-0 mediator in association with a top quark pair. Upper limits are set on the cross section for mediator particle masses of up to 420 GeV

Observation of tW production in the single-lepton channel in pp collisions at root s=13 TeV

A measurement of the cross section of the associated production of a single top quark and a W boson in final states with a muon or electron and jets in proton-proton collisions at root s = 13 TeV is presented. The data correspond to an integrated luminosity of 36 fb(-1) collected with the CMS detector at the CERN LHC in 2016. A boosted decision tree is used to separate the tW signal from the dominant t (t) over bar background, whilst the subleading W+jets and multijet backgrounds are constrained using data-based estimates. This result is the first observation of the tW process in final states containing a muon or electron and jets, with a significance exceeding 5 standard deviations. The cross section is determined to be 89 +/- 4 (stat) +/- 12 (syst) pb, consistent with the standard model.Peer reviewe

Probing effective field theory operators in the associated production of top quarks with a Z boson in multilepton final states at root s=13 TeV

Peer reviewe

Measurements of the Electroweak Diboson Production Cross Sections in Proton-Proton Collisions at root s=5.02 TeV Using Leptonic Decays

The first measurements of diboson production cross sections in proton-proton interactions at a center-of-mass energy of 5.02 TeV are reported. They are based on data collected with the CMS detector at the LHC, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 302 pb(-1). Events with two, three, or four charged light leptons (electrons or muons) in the final state are analyzed. The WW, WZ, and ZZ total cross sections are measured as sigma(WW) = 37:0(-5.2)(+5.5) (stat)(-2.6)(+2.7) (syst) pb, sigma(WZ) = 6.4(-2.1)(+2.5) (stat)(-0.3)(+0.5)(syst) pb, and sigma(ZZ) = 5.3(-2.1)(+2.5)(stat)(-0.4)(+0.5) (syst) pb. All measurements are in good agreement with theoretical calculations at combined next-to-next-to-leading order quantum chromodynamics and next-to-leading order electroweak accuracy

Search for lepton-flavor violating decays of the Higgs boson in the mu tau and e tau final states in proton-proton collisions at root s=13 TeV

A search is presented for lepton-flavor violating decays of the Higgs boson to mu t and et. The dataset corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 137 fb(-1) collected at the LHC in proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV. No significant excess has been found, and the results are interpreted in terms of upper limits on lepton-flavor violating branching fractions of the Higgs boson. The observed (expected) upper limits on the branching fractions are, respectively, B(H -> mu t) e tau) < 0.22(0.16)% at 95% confidence level.Peer reviewe