Effects of Trehalose and Catalase on the Viability and Kinetic Parameters of Cryopreserved Ram Sperm

Background: Most part of ram spermatozoa membrane has unsaturated fatty acids (phospholipids). Membrane structure of cells is composed of double ordered phospholipid layers adorned with mosaic-like protein, glycoprotein and glycolipids. Sperm freezing protocols could be negatively affected on ram sperm motility, viability and acrosome integrity during cryopreservation. For these reasons, researchers were designed their topics has led to the search for effective antioxidant systems against peroxidative damage and spermatozoon dysfunction. There are three protective enzymatic systems against reactive oxygen species (ROS) damage in sperm. These include superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase / reductase cycles Catalase (CAT) is a hemo-protein in the enzyme tetramer structure. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of trehalose, catalase and their combinations on ram sperm parameters after the cryopreservation/thawing process.Materials, Methods & Results: At the out of breeding season (March-May) seven rams (1-3 years of age) were used in this study. Ejaculates were collected by electro-ejaculator twice a week. Pooled ejaculates were at 37°C, divided into six aliquots, diluted with the Tris based extender containing Trehalose 25 mM (Group-1), Trehalose 50 mM (Group-2), Catalase 200 µg (Group-3), Catalase 400 µg (Group-4), Trehalose 50 mM + Catalase 400 µg (Group-5) and no anti-oxidant (control), respectively, were cooled to 5°C than frozen in 0.25 mL French straws on the nitrogen vapour and stored in liquid nitrogen. The extender supplemented with Group 1 (54.1 ± 1.53; 73.1 ± 4.37), 50 mM (58.3 ± 4.01; 63.1 ± 0.30) and Group 5 (56.6 ± 1.05; 58.3 ± 0.55) resulted in higher subjective motility in comparison to the control (40.0 ± 3.87; 40.5 ± 0.22) group respectively (P < 0.05). Besides, Group 1 (60.16 ± 4.39) and Group 5 (59.60 ± 2.21) led to higher CASA total motility when compared to control (44.40 ± 8.13) group (P < 0.05). Sperm progressive motility was better in Group 1 (20.57 ± 6.90) than the Group 3 (10.63 ± 3.59) [P < 0.05]. Casa kinetic parameters of catalase 200 (Group 3) was higher values than other groups in VCL, VSL, VAP, LIN parameters (P < 0.05). There were no statistically significant differences on the membrane integrity parameter between the groups (P > 0.05).Discussion: Freezing ram sperm is extremely difficult process when compared bull and dog semen. Previous studies showed that antioxidants which were adding into the ram freezing extender gave positive effects solely or combination. In this study similar results were taken at trehalose 25, 50 mM and trehalose 50 mM + catalase 400 µg except 200 and 400 µg catalase groups. These findings supported some researches but lots of them opposite of catalase results. Catalase is found semen and ameliorates the sperm parameters when adding the liquid storage.  Also after diluted and equilibrated catalase groups motilities were better than the control group. During the freezing stage catalase efficiency has been restricted. On the other hand when it combined with the trehalose 50 mM, catalase activity was triggered. Trehalose acts on sperm as non-permanent had a protective action related both osmotic effect and specific interactions with membrane phospholipids. Our data suggest that solely Trehalose 50 mM or combination with Catalase 400 µg can be added to Tris based extender for improving the post-thawed sperm quality in ram semen

Kısa süreli saklanan koç spermasında 7-dehidrokolesterolün spermatolojik parametrelere etkisi

The aim of this study was investigated to effect of 7-dehydrocholesterol loaded cyclodextrin (7-DCLC) on ram semen spermatological parameters on short term preservation at +4 ⁰C. Collected semen with electroejaculator at non-breeding season. Each animal native ejaculates were mixed and divided into 4 equal groups, diluated with tris/egg yolk extender with included different rates of 7-DCLC (1.5 mg, 3.0 mg and 5 mg/120x106) and control (C). After extended semen samples were preservation at +4 ⁰C and evaluated motility, membrane integrity and abnormal spermatozoa rate until 96. hour. There were no significant differences between the groups on abnormal spermatozoa rate (P>0.05); there were a significant differences between the groups on motility at all storage period (P0,05); motilite açısından gruplar arasında farklılıklar tespit edildi (P<0,05). 72. ve 96. zaman dilimlerinde en yüksek motilite 7-DCLC 1,5 mg/120x106 grubunda tespit edildi (P<0,05). En yüksek dozlu (5 mg) 7-DCLC grubu diğer gruplarla karşılaştırıldığında spermatozoa motilitesini ve membran bütünlüğünü düşürdüğü tespit edildi. Ayrıca, 72. saatte 7-DCLC 3,0 mg grubunun membran bütünlüğü kontrol grubuna göre daha az olduğu tespit edildi (P<0,05). Sonuç olarak, 7-DCLC 1,5 mg içeren tris/yumurta sarısı sulandırıcısı koç spermasında motiliteyi ve membran bütünlüğünü +4 C⁰’de 96 saat süresince koruduğu belirlendi

The role of performing a routine four-quadrant cervical biopsy in patients with negative colposcopic findings in increasing the identification rate of cervical intraepithelial neoplasms

Aim: In patients with high-risk human papilloma virus (HPV), there is no consensus on the inclusion of cervical biopsy for diagnostic purposes in cases whereas there is no pathological finding in colposcopy. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of simultaneous routine cervical biopsy in patients with normal colposcopic findings on the rate of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia diagnosis. Methods: This retrospective study included 119 patients with colposcopy indications who had no cervical pathology between January 2015 and March 2017 and the histopathological results were evaluated. Results: The mean age of the population was 45.75±9.52 years. The histopathological results obtained in our study patients are as follows; 38.7% (n=46) LSIL, 28.7% (n=33) chronic cervicitis, 15, 3 % (n=19) coilositosis, 9.2% (n=11) HSIL, 2.5% (n=5) adenocarcinoma, 1.7% (n=2) carcinoma in situ and 2.1% (n=3) squamous carcinoma. LSIL 33 (27.5%), HSIL and advanced lesion 11 (9.2%) were detected in patients with normal cervical cytology before colposcopy. LSIL 26 (21.7%), HSIL and advanced lesion were found to be 13 (10.8%) in patients with abnormal cervical cytology. There was no significant difference in terms of biopsy pathology results between normal and non-normal cervical cytology results. Conclusions: In patients with HPV positive and normal colposcopic findings, adding simultaneous routine four-quadrant cervical biopsy to the colposcopy might increase the detection rate of cervical intraepithelial lesions. &nbsp

The effects of liquid dishwashing detergent exposure in male swiss albino mice

Bu çalışmanın amacı sıvı bulaşık deterjanının erkek Swiss Albino farelerinde kan parametreleri ve organ ağırlıkları üzerine etkisinin araştırılmasıdır. Bu amaçla 40 sağlıklı Swiss albino fare rastgele olarak, her grupta 8 fare olacak şekilde, toplam 5 gruba ayrıldı. Kontrol grubundaki farelere (TR1) içme suyu olarak sadece musluk suyu verilirken, TR2, TR3, TR4 ve TR5 grubunda bulunan farelere su kaynağı olarak sırasıyla sadece 0.1, 0.5, 1 ve 5% sıvı deterjan ihtiva eden musluk suyu verildi. Çalışma fareler 3 haftalıkken başladı ve 60 gün süresince devam etti. Fareler standard laboratuvar koşulları altında plastik kafeslerde muhafaza edildi. Besin ve su ad libitum olarak sağlandı. Uygulamanın sonunda farelerden Sevorane anestezisi altında kan örnekleri toplandı. Kan örnekleri toplandıktan sonra hayvanlar öldürülerek iç organları çıkarıldı ve tartıldı. Bu çalışmanın sonucuna göre uygulanan deterjan dozlarının hematokrit, alyuvar, akyuvar, ortalama alyuvar hacmi, ortalama alyuvar hemoglobini, ortalama alyuvar hemoglobin yoğunluğu, total lenfosit, monosit ve bazofil değerleri üzerine herhangi bir etkisine rastlanmadı (P>0.1). Ayrıca, deterjan uygulamasının karaciğer, böbrek, dalak, akciğer, testis ve beyin ağırlıkları üzerinde etkisinin olmadığı belirlendi (P>0.1). Ancak, hemoglobin(P0.1) due to detergent exposure. Similarly, treatments had no effect on liver, kidney, spleen, lung, testis or brain weights (P>0.1). However, ingestion of detergent adversely affected hemoglobin (P < 0.01), plasma protein (P<0.05), total neutrophil (P<0.03) and eosinophil (P<0.03) levels. Furthermore, ALP and AST levels were significantly increased in TR4 and TR5 (P<0.05) due to detergent exposure. Thus, the results of the current study imply that particularly the higher doses of liquid dishwashing detergent could be toxic and cause health risks to male Swiss albino mice

Is there a relationship between polycystic ovary syndrome and the FABP1 gene rs2197076 single nucleotide polymorphism?

Aim: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a multifactorial, endocrine, and metabolic disorder seen in 10%-20% of women of reproductive age. Due to the close relationship&nbsp;observed between the increased risk of type 2 diabetes and insulin resistance and the polymorphism of the fatty acid binding protein 1 (FABP1) gene rs2197076 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), we investigated the frequency of the FABP1 gene rs2197076 SNP in patients with PCOS. Methods: This is a prospective case-control study. The study included 151 women—75 patients with PCOS and 76 healthy women. A real-time polymerase chain reaction was performed for the FABP1 rs2197076 polymorphism. Additionally, biochemical and hormonal levels of the patients were studied. Results: Menstrual irregularities, the body mass index (BMI), hirsutism scores, the luteinizing hormone / follicular stimulating hormone ratio, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate and testosterone levels were significantly higher in the PCOS group than in the control. There was no significant difference between the PCOS and control groups in terms of FABP1 rs2197076 genotype distribution and FABP1 rs2197076 allele frequency distribution. Conclusion: There was no increase in the genotype distribution and allelic frequency of the FABP1 gene rs2197076 SNP in PCOS patients. Further studies are needed on this subject

Effect of white mulberry extract on performance, anti-inflammatory and serum antioxidant parameters in diabetes-induced rats with streptozotocin

Bu çalışmada streptozotosin uygulanarak diyabet oluşturulan ratlarda beyaz dut ekstraktının kan serumlarında antioksidan etkileri, karaciğer dokusu histopatoloji, antienflamatuar özelliği ve ratlarda performans parametreleri üzerine etkisi araştırıldı. Deney grupları, kontrol grubu (K, n:5), streptozotosin uygulanan deney grubu 1 (DG 1, n:6), dut ekstraktı uygulanan deney grubu 2 (DG 2, n:7), streptozotosin ve dut ekstraktının birlikte uygulandığı deney grubu 3 (DG 3, n:6) olmak üzere toplam 24 adet hayvandan oluşturuldu. Karaciğer dokusunun yapısındaki vasküler konjesyon K ve DG 2’de 2 hayvanda, DG 3’te 1 hayvanda tespit edilmesine rağmen, DG 1’de bütün hayvanlarda belirlenmiştir (P<0,05). Karaciğer dokusunun yangı bulguları K’da görülmezken, DG 2’de 2 adet hayvanda hafif şekilde, DG 1’deki tüm hayvanlarda gözlenmiştir. Karaciğer dokusundaki dejenerasyon kontrol grubunda görülmezken, DG 2’de 1 adet, DG 1’de ise tüm hayvanlarda görülmüştür (P<0,01). Grupların serum dokularındaki seruloplazmin düzeyleri arasında önemli bir fark bulunmazken (P>0,05), Paraoksonaz (PON) aktiviteleri arasındaki fark önemli düzeyde olduğu tespit edilmiştir (P<0,05). Canlı ağırlık artışı kontrol grubunda 150,03 g., DG 2 de 114,93g. olarak gerçekleşmiştir (P<0,01). DG 1’de deneme süresince 1.33 g. canlı ağırlık artışı olurken DG 3’te ağırlık kaybı olmuştur (P>0,05). Sonuç olarak araştırmada ratlara uygulanan dut ekstraktının karaciğer dokusunda vasküler konjesyon, yangı ve dejenerasyon olgularını önemli derecelerde azalttığı ve antienflamatuar etkisi gösterebileceği söylenebilir.This study was conducted to investigate the effect of the white mulberry extract on histopathology, anti-inflammatory properties of liver tissue, blood serum antioxidant parameters and performance parameters of diabetes-induced rats with streptozotocin. Experimental groups consist of 24 animals which were divided into four groups; control group (C, n: 5), streptozotocin applied group 1 (DG 1, n: 6), mulberry extract applied group 2 (DG 2, n: 7), streptozotocin and mulberry extract experimental group 3 (DG 3, n:6), totally 24 animals were used. Although vascular congestion in the liver tissue was detected 2 animals in C and DG 2 groups and 1 animal in DG 3 group, vascular congestion was detected in all animals in DG 1 group. (P <0.05). Inflammatory findings of liver tissue were not seen in C, whereas it was mild in 2 animals in DG 2 and it was seen in all animals in the group of DG 1. Degeneration findings in liver tissue were not seen in C, but it was detected in 1 animal of DG 2 and all animals in DG 1 (P <0.01). There was no statistical difference between the ceruloplasmin levels of the groups (P> 0.05). Live weight gain in control group 150,03 g., DG 2 114.43 g. (P <0,01). 1.33 g. live weight gain and weight loss in DG 3 (P> 0.05). In conclusion, mulberry extract applied to rats significantly reduced vascular congestion, inflammation and degeneration findings in liver tissue and it can be said that mulberry extract has antiinflammatory effect

Laboratuvardan Kliniğe Transplantasyon Pratiği

Transplantasyon; Temel Tıbbi Bilimler, Moleküler Tıp, Genetik ve İmmünolojiden klinik uygulamalardan destek alan multidisipliner bir tıp dalıdır. Temel bilimlerdeki başarılı çalışmaların kliniğe uygulanması, klinikte karşılaşılan sorunların da, oluşturulan deneysel hayvan modellerinde irdelenmesi, elde edilen bilgilerin klinik uygulamalara aktarılması; diğer deyişle tecrübelerin “Translational” özellikli olması günümüz transplantasyon çalışmalarında bir gerekliliktir. İmmün sistemin bileşenlerinin ve reaksiyonlarının iyi bilinmesi, hücreler arası ilişkilerde greftin reddi ya da kabul edilmesinin şartlarını doğru anlamak ve uygun laboratuvar yöntemleri ile klinik durumun aydınlatılması transplantasyonda stratejik önemdedir. Bu nedenle, klinik transplantasyon çalışmaları yapanlar temel bilimler bilgileri ile de donanımlı olmalıdırlar. Multidisipliner bir dal olma bilinci ile yapılan klinik transplantasyon çalışmalarında başarı yakalanmaktadır. Laboratuvardan Kliniğe Transplantasyon kitabımızda tüm yönleri ile transplantasyonun organizmaya etkileri ve bunların klinik sonuçlarını, çalışmalarımızın ışığında sunmayı ve tartışmayı hedefledik. Editör: Prof.Dr. Mesut İzzet TİTİZ Yardımcı Editör: Doç.Dr. Pınar AT

Transverse-momentum and pseudorapidity distributions of charged hadrons in pp collisions at √s=7 TeV

This is the pre-print version of the Published Article which can be accessed from the link below.Charged-hadron transverse-momentum and pseudorapidity distributions in proton-proton collisions at √s=7  TeV are measured with the inner tracking system of the CMS detector at the LHC. The charged-hadron yield is obtained by counting the number of reconstructed hits, hit pairs, and fully reconstructed charged-particle tracks. The combination of the three methods gives a charged-particle multiplicity per unit of pseudorapidity dNch/dη||η|<0.5=5.78±0.01(stat)±0.23(syst) for non-single-diffractive events, higher than predicted by commonly used models. The relative increase in charged-particle multiplicity from √s=0.9 to 7 TeV is [66.1±1.0(stat)±4.2(syst)]%. The mean transverse momentum is measured to be 0.545±0.005(stat)±0.015(syst)  GeV/c. The results are compared with similar measurements at lower energies

First measurement of the underlying event activity at the LHC with root s=0.9 TeV

A measurement of the underlying activity in scattering processes with p (T) scale in the GeV region is performed in proton-proton collisions at root s = 0.9 TeV, using data collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC. Charged particle production is studied with reference to the direction of a leading object, either a charged particle or a set of charged particles forming a jet. Predictions of several QCD-inspired models as implemented in PYTHIA are compared, after full detector simulation, to the data. The models generally predict too little production of charged particles with pseudorapidity |eta| LT 2, p (T) GT 0.5 GeV/c, and azimuthal direction transverse to that of the leading object

SÜTÇÜ SIĞIRLARDA DÖL VERİMİ ÖLÇÜTLERİNİN GÜNCEL YORUMU

Bu derlemede s&uuml;t sığırcılığı işletmelerinin s&uuml;r&uuml; devamlılığı ve ekonomik faaliyetlerini s&uuml;rd&uuml;rebilmeleri i&ccedil;in uygun d&ouml;l verimi değerlerinin yakalanması ve yılda bir yavru alınması i&ccedil;in gerekli d&ouml;l verimi &ouml;l&ccedil;&uuml;tleri g&uuml;ncel olarak değerlendirildi