Aparición de Natsushima bifurcata (Polychaeta: Nautiliniellidae) en huéspedes del género Acharax de volvacnes de fango en el golfo de Cádiz (márgenes sur de la Península Ibérica y Norte de Marruecos)

Fifteen specimens of nautiliniellid polychaetes were found in the mantle cavity of bivalves of the genus Acharax (Solemyidae) collected in several mud volcanoes from the Gulf of Cadiz. They were identified as Natsushima bifurcata Miura and Laubier (1990), a species previously known only from Sagami Bay (Japan). The morphological comparison of these specimens with the holotype suggests that they belong to the same morphological species, although further studies should consider whether they could be genetically different. The ecology of the species is discussed in relation to the available information on the family. The occurrence of Natsushima bifurcata in the Gulf of Cadiz is the first record of the species in the North Atlantic.Quince ejemplares de poliquetos pertenecientes a la familia Nautiliniellidae se encontraron en la cavidad del manto de bivalvos del género Acharax (Solemyidae) procedentes de varios volcanes de fango del Golfo de Cádiz. Los ejemplares se identificaron como Natsushima bifurcata Miura y Laubier (1990), una especie citada únicamente de la bahía de Sagami (Japón). El presente trabajo analiza la morfología de los ejemplares de Cádiz en comparación con la del holotipo y sugiere que ambas poblaciones pertenecen al mismo morfotipo, sin que no por ello se pueda descartar la existencia de diferencias en el componente genético. Asímismo, se discuten aspectos ecológicos basados en la información disponible sobre la familia. La aparición de Natsushima bifurcata en el Golfo de Cádiz representa la primera cita para el Atlántico Norte

Shrinkage and mitigation strategies to improve the dimensional stability of CaO-FeOx-Al2O3-SiO2 inorganic polymers

Volumetric stability is an important aspect of the performance of building materials, and the shrinkage of CaO-FeOx-Al2O3-SiO2-rich inorganic polymers (IPs) has not been thoroughly investigated yet. Hence, this paper describes the outcome of a study conducted to investigate ways to minimize their shrinkage using different curing regimes. Two different slags were used as case studies to assess the robustness of the developed mitigation strategies. IP pastes and mortars were cured at (i) room condition, (ii) in slightly elevated temperature (60 \ub0C for 2 d) and (iii) in a water-saturated environment. The reaction kinetics and formed products were examined on IP pastes, while mortars were made to characterize the 28 d pore structure, autogenous shrinkage, drying shrinkage, and strength development. The results showed that the precursors\u2019 reactivity and curing conditions severely affect shrinkage mechanisms and magnitude. Volumetric changes in the plastic stage can be related to the precursors\u2019 reactivity but drying shrinkage was the driving mechanism affecting the volumetric stability of all IP mortars. Understanding the effect of a precursor\u2019s composition and curing conditions on shrinkage is fundamental to develop proper mitigation strategies and to overcome one of IPs\u2019 main technical drawbacks

Carbohydrate, phenolic and antioxidant level in relation to chlorophyll a content in oilseed winter rape (Brassica napus L.) inoculated with Leptosphaeria maculans

Syftet med föreliggande studien var att undersöka om sjuksköterskors egna rökvanor påverkar attityden till tobakspreventivt arbete på sjukhuset, både till tobakspreventivt arbete med patienterna och attityden till rökfritt sjukhus. Studien är empirisk och utfördes genom kvalitativa intervjuer med sex sjuksköterskor på en vårdavdelning på ett sjukhus i södra Sverige. Data från intervjuerna analyserades och resulterade i sju olika teman: Preventiva rollen, Kunskap om prevention, Vem skall leda det preventiva arbetet, Rökkontroll, Utbildningsnivå och rökning, Sjuksköterskan, en förebild?, Vem ska hjälpa patienten vid rökstopp på sjukhuset?, Är det någon skillnad mellan icke rökande och rökande vad avser rökpreventionen?. Den preventiva rollen hamnade i fokus och skillnader fanns mellan rökande och icke rökande sjuksköterskor både vad gäller preventivt omvårdnasarbete och kontrollThe aim of the present study is to investigate whether nurses smoking habits influence their attitude to tobacco prevention in hospitals, both in their work with patients and regarding their attitude to hospital smoking bans. The following question was posed: is there a difference between smoking and non-smoking nurses in patient-care activities regarding smoking prevention and control? The study is qualitative, based on qualitative interviews with six nurses at a ward of a hospital in Sweden. Interview data were analyzed and eight themes emerged: the role in prevention work knowledge of prevention who is to lead prevention work smoking control smoking and education levels the nurse as a role model who is to help the patient give up smoking possible differences between nonsmoking and smoking nurses regarding smoking prevention. The role in prevention work turned out to be central. Smoking nurses had greater difficulties in connection with preventive work and control, due to their personal experience of how hard it can be to give up smoking habits

Elective Cancer Surgery in COVID-19-Free Surgical Pathways During the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic: An International, Multicenter, Comparative Cohort Study.

PURPOSE: As cancer surgery restarts after the first COVID-19 wave, health care providers urgently require data to determine where elective surgery is best performed. This study aimed to determine whether COVID-19-free surgical pathways were associated with lower postoperative pulmonary complication rates compared with hospitals with no defined pathway. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This international, multicenter cohort study included patients who underwent elective surgery for 10 solid cancer types without preoperative suspicion of SARS-CoV-2. Participating hospitals included patients from local emergence of SARS-CoV-2 until April 19, 2020. At the time of surgery, hospitals were defined as having a COVID-19-free surgical pathway (complete segregation of the operating theater, critical care, and inpatient ward areas) or no defined pathway (incomplete or no segregation, areas shared with patients with COVID-19). The primary outcome was 30-day postoperative pulmonary complications (pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, unexpected ventilation). RESULTS: Of 9,171 patients from 447 hospitals in 55 countries, 2,481 were operated on in COVID-19-free surgical pathways. Patients who underwent surgery within COVID-19-free surgical pathways were younger with fewer comorbidities than those in hospitals with no defined pathway but with similar proportions of major surgery. After adjustment, pulmonary complication rates were lower with COVID-19-free surgical pathways (2.2% v 4.9%; adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.62; 95% CI, 0.44 to 0.86). This was consistent in sensitivity analyses for low-risk patients (American Society of Anesthesiologists grade 1/2), propensity score-matched models, and patients with negative SARS-CoV-2 preoperative tests. The postoperative SARS-CoV-2 infection rate was also lower in COVID-19-free surgical pathways (2.1% v 3.6%; aOR, 0.53; 95% CI, 0.36 to 0.76). CONCLUSION: Within available resources, dedicated COVID-19-free surgical pathways should be established to provide safe elective cancer surgery during current and before future SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks

Elective cancer surgery in COVID-19-free surgical pathways during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: An international, multicenter, comparative cohort study

PURPOSE As cancer surgery restarts after the first COVID-19 wave, health care providers urgently require data to determine where elective surgery is best performed. This study aimed to determine whether COVID-19–free surgical pathways were associated with lower postoperative pulmonary complication rates compared with hospitals with no defined pathway. PATIENTS AND METHODS This international, multicenter cohort study included patients who underwent elective surgery for 10 solid cancer types without preoperative suspicion of SARS-CoV-2. Participating hospitals included patients from local emergence of SARS-CoV-2 until April 19, 2020. At the time of surgery, hospitals were defined as having a COVID-19–free surgical pathway (complete segregation of the operating theater, critical care, and inpatient ward areas) or no defined pathway (incomplete or no segregation, areas shared with patients with COVID-19). The primary outcome was 30-day postoperative pulmonary complications (pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, unexpected ventilation). RESULTS Of 9,171 patients from 447 hospitals in 55 countries, 2,481 were operated on in COVID-19–free surgical pathways. Patients who underwent surgery within COVID-19–free surgical pathways were younger with fewer comorbidities than those in hospitals with no defined pathway but with similar proportions of major surgery. After adjustment, pulmonary complication rates were lower with COVID-19–free surgical pathways (2.2% v 4.9%; adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.62; 95% CI, 0.44 to 0.86). This was consistent in sensitivity analyses for low-risk patients (American Society of Anesthesiologists grade 1/2), propensity score–matched models, and patients with negative SARS-CoV-2 preoperative tests. The postoperative SARS-CoV-2 infection rate was also lower in COVID-19–free surgical pathways (2.1% v 3.6%; aOR, 0.53; 95% CI, 0.36 to 0.76). CONCLUSION Within available resources, dedicated COVID-19–free surgical pathways should be established to provide safe elective cancer surgery during current and before future SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks

Benzothiadiazole-induced resistance modulates ozone tolerance

The effects of ozone on bean plants pretreated with the SAR activator benzothiadiazole (BTH) have been investigated after fumigations with an acute dose of the pollutant (200 nL(.)L(-1) for 4 h), carried out at different times from BTH application. BTH pretreatment induced opposite effects on bean susceptibility to O-3, depending on the time elapsed before fumigation. When this time was only 1-2 days, bean plants were more susceptible to O-3 than untreated controls, showing rapid and extensive cell death in both palisade and spongy mesophyll. These damages appeared to be closely correlated with the amount and localization of H2O2 in the leaf tissues. In BTH-pretreated, but not fumigated, plants, H2O2 accumulation occurred in the cell walls and no dead cells were detected, whereas O-3 fumigation of untreated plants produced H2O2 accumulation also inside some palisade mesophyll cells, causing their death. When BTH pretreatments were carried out 5-7 days before fumigation, plants appeared to be more tolerant to O-3 compared to untreated controls. Under these conditions, no visible symptoms of phytotoxicity were observed for at least 2 weeks after fumigation and no H2O2 accumulation was detected. Biochemical assays showed a significant increase in the ascorbate (AA) level, taking place from the fifth to the seventh day after BTH treatment and unaffected by O-3 when given at these times. Ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activity appeared to decrease during the first 2 days after BTH treatment, and the decrease was somewhat enhanced by fumigation. On the contrary, guaiacol peroxidase (GuPX) activity was found to steadily increase up to the fifth day after BTH treatment but showed a bimodal trend upon fumigation. These results suggest that, during the first 1-2 days after BTH application, the H2O2 level is enhanced by O-3 over a critical threshold for cell viability. However, in the absence of the pollutant, H2O2 decreases in the following days under the effect of AA accumulation and increased GuPX activity. As GuPX is known to promote cell wall lignification and protein cross-linking, these effects would protect plasmalemma from O-3 irreversible damage, provided the priming by BTH has been fully developed

Reaction kinetics and structural analysis of alkali activated Fe\u2013Si\u2013Ca rich materials

This paper describes the outcomes of a study conducted to investigate the influence of solid-to-liquid (S/L), K2O/SiO2 molar ratio and type of activation solution on reaction kinetic, structural development and final mechanical properties of Fe\u2013Si\u2013Ca rich inorganic polymers (IP). IPs were synthesized with alkali hydroxide and alkali hydroxide/silicate type activators to investigate the kinetic and structural impact of soluble silicates on the activating solution. Multiple characterization techniques, including isothermal conduction calorimetry (ICC), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), were used to give insights on the impact of each of the considered synthesis parameters. Solid-to-liquid and K2O/SiO2 ratios were found to be the compositional parameters governing the reaction kinetics, whereas the introduction of silicate species in the activating solution contributed to further densification and strength development. By combining the effect of the studied parameters, IP binders incorporating a high content of a Fe\u2013Si\u2013Ca rich residues ( 6592.7\u202fwt% of solid content) were synthesized at room temperature to achieve a compressive strength exceeding 119\u202fMPa. This work contributes with new insights into the reincorporation and upscaling of a vast group as yet unexplored Fe\u2013Si\u2013Ca-rich waste streams into the materials cycle, such as non-ferrous slags and vitrified residues generated during the incineration of municipal solid waste or during the gasification refused-derived fuel. The study demonstrates the feasibility of producing high strength IPs with only minor usage of virgin raw materials and the possibility of using the developed products as an alternative to conventional cementitious binders. Promoting synergetic interactions between proxy industries is crucial to the sustainability of our current production processes and will play a critical role in achieving current environmental targets