Healthy cities, agroecology and food sovereignty : (re)signify to face-off Covid19 in the peri-urban and peripheral regions of DF

No âmbito da pandemia da Covid-19, relacionar cidade e alimento significa esforços internacionais de provimento alimentar para 620 milhões de pessoas na América Latina e Caribe. Neste cenário epidemiológico, manter o comércio agroalimentar, a segurança alimentar dos mais vulneráveis, os padrões sanitários, e a expansão comercial intrarregional, pode reduzir as pressões nas cadeias de abastecimento ao longo do tempo (FAO/ONU, 2020). A pesquisa relaciona o conceito de Cidades Saudáveis à promoção da saúde primária integrada à alimentação de boa qualidade no enfrentamento à Covid-19 nas regiões periubanas e periféricas do DF, ressignificando as redes e os fluxos do alimento para circuitos curtos de abastecimento e redes de produção agroecológica e de solidariedade

Associação entre fatores precoces e prática de atividade física referidas pelos pais em crianças de 5 a 7 anos / Association between early life factors and physical activity of practical reported by parents of children of 5 to 7 years old

Objetivo: Verificar se existe associação entre fatores precoces e indicadores de atividade física (AF) referida pelos pais em crianças de cinco a sete anos de idade. Métodos: Estudo transversal realizado com 784 crianças de escolas públicas e privadas do Recife-PE. Dados sobre fatores precoces e os indicadores de prática de AF foram coletados mediante questionário administrado na forma de entrevista com as mães/pais das crianças. Para análise dos dados foi empregado à regressão logística binária. Resultados: Verificou-se que as crianças que foram amamentadas exclusivamente ao seio por >6 meses tinham menos chance de apresentarem baixo nível de participação em jogos e brincadeiras ao ar livre, mas somente quando as mães relataram trabalhar durante a gestação (OR: 0,28; IC95%:0,11-0,68; p<0,02). Identificou-se que as crianças nascidas pré-termo e aquelas mais novas apresentavam menos chance de se deslocarem inativamente para a escola quando comparadas às a termo e a crianças mais velhas (primeiro filho) (OR: 0,51; IC95%: 0,29-0,89; p<0,02). As crianças nascidas pré-termo tinham duas vezes mais chances de não participarem de atividades físicas estruturadas em comparação às a termo (OR: 2,32; IC95%: 1,36-3,95; p<0,01). Conclusão: Os fatores precoces foram associados à prática de atividade física em crianças de cinco a sete anos de idade.

Participação nas aulas de educação física e indicadores de atitudes relacionadas à atividade física em adolescentes

O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a associação entre participação nas aulas de educação física (PAEF) e atitudes relacionadas à atividade física (gostar de fazer atividade física e preferir atividades de lazer fisicamente ativas) em adolescentes. Trata-se de um estudo epidemiológico transversal, a partir de uma amostra representativa de adolescentes (n = 4.207, 14-19 anos) estudantes do ensino médio da rede pública estadual de Pernambuco. Dados foram coletados através de um questionário previamente validado. Observou-se que entre os adolescentes que relataram participar das aulas de educação física a chance de gostar de fazer atividade física foi 73% maior nos rapazes e 93% superior nas moças em comparação àqueles que não participam das aulas. A chance de preferir atividades de lazer fisicamente ativas foi 97% e 72% superior nos rapazes e nas moças que PAEF, respectivamente. Concluiu-se que a PAEF está diretamente associada aos indicadores que expressam atitudes dos adolescentes em relação à atividade física.The objective of this study was to analyze the association between the participation in physical education classes (PPEC) and attitudes towards physical activity (to enjoy physical activity and to prefer active leisure activities) in adolescents. This is a cross-sectional epidemiological study from a representative sample of adolescents (n = 4207, 14-19 years) high school students of public schools from Pernambuco. Data were collected using a previously validated questionnaire. It was found that among adolescents who reported PPEC the chance to enjoy physical activity was 73% higher in boys and 93% higher in girls compared to those who do not participate in the classes. The chance of to prefer active leisure activities was 97% and 72% higher in boys than in girls and PPEC, respectively. It was concluded that the PPEC is directly associated with the indicators that express attitudes of adolescents in relation to physical activity

Urbs e civitas: a formação dos espaços e territórios urbanos nas minas setecentistas

O presente artigo procura situar a evolução das abordagens acerca da cidade colonial mineira dentro da perspectiva mais ampla dos estudos sobre o urbanismo colonial português. A análise privilegia os trabalhos que, em vez de se aterem aos aspectos ligados à estética urbana, procuraram relacioná-los às questões fundiárias e à constituição das redes e hierarquias urbanas.This article seeks to situate the evolution of approaches to the study of the colonial towns of Minas Gerais placing them in the broader perspective of studies on the Portuguese colonial urbanism. Instead of restricting our approach to questions of urban aesthetics, the analysis focuses on the works that tried to relate these questions to aspects of land ownership and to the establishment of networks and urban hierarchies

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Educomunicação e suas áreas de intervenção: Novos paradigmas para o diálogo intercultural

oai:omp.abpeducom.org.br:publicationFormat/1O material aqui divulgado representa, em essência, a contribuição do VII Encontro Brasileiro de Educomunicação ao V Global MIL Week, da UNESCO, ocorrido na ECA/USP, entre 3 e 5 de novembro de 2016. Estamos diante de um conjunto de 104 papers executivos, com uma média de entre 7 e 10 páginas, cada um. Com este rico e abundante material, chegamos ao sétimo e-book publicado pela ABPEducom, em seus seis primeiros anos de existência. A especificidade desta obra é a de trazer as “Áreas de Intervenção” do campo da Educomunicação, colocando-as a serviço de uma meta essencial ao agir educomunicativo: o diálogo intercultural, trabalhado na linha do tema geral do evento internacional: Media and Information Literacy: New Paradigms for Intercultural Dialogue

Post-intervention Status in Patients With Refractory Myasthenia Gravis Treated With Eculizumab During REGAIN and Its Open-Label Extension

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether eculizumab helps patients with anti-acetylcholine receptor-positive (AChR+) refractory generalized myasthenia gravis (gMG) achieve the Myasthenia Gravis Foundation of America (MGFA) post-intervention status of minimal manifestations (MM), we assessed patients' status throughout REGAIN (Safety and Efficacy of Eculizumab in AChR+ Refractory Generalized Myasthenia Gravis) and its open-label extension. METHODS: Patients who completed the REGAIN randomized controlled trial and continued into the open-label extension were included in this tertiary endpoint analysis. Patients were assessed for the MGFA post-intervention status of improved, unchanged, worse, MM, and pharmacologic remission at defined time points during REGAIN and through week 130 of the open-label study. RESULTS: A total of 117 patients completed REGAIN and continued into the open-label study (eculizumab/eculizumab: 56; placebo/eculizumab: 61). At week 26 of REGAIN, more eculizumab-treated patients than placebo-treated patients achieved a status of improved (60.7% vs 41.7%) or MM (25.0% vs 13.3%; common OR: 2.3; 95% CI: 1.1-4.5). After 130 weeks of eculizumab treatment, 88.0% of patients achieved improved status and 57.3% of patients achieved MM status. The safety profile of eculizumab was consistent with its known profile and no new safety signals were detected. CONCLUSION: Eculizumab led to rapid and sustained achievement of MM in patients with AChR+ refractory gMG. These findings support the use of eculizumab in this previously difficult-to-treat patient population. CLINICALTRIALSGOV IDENTIFIER: REGAIN, NCT01997229; REGAIN open-label extension, NCT02301624. CLASSIFICATION OF EVIDENCE: This study provides Class II evidence that, after 26 weeks of eculizumab treatment, 25.0% of adults with AChR+ refractory gMG achieved MM, compared with 13.3% who received placebo

Minimal Symptom Expression' in Patients With Acetylcholine Receptor Antibody-Positive Refractory Generalized Myasthenia Gravis Treated With Eculizumab

The efficacy and tolerability of eculizumab were assessed in REGAIN, a 26-week, phase 3, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study in anti-acetylcholine receptor antibody-positive (AChR+) refractory generalized myasthenia gravis (gMG), and its open-label extension

Global maps of soil temperature

Research in global change ecology relies heavily on global climatic grids derived from estimates of air temperature in open areas at around 2 m above the ground. These climatic grids do not reflect conditions below vegetation canopies and near the ground surface, where critical ecosystem functions occur and most terrestrial species reside. Here, we provide global maps of soil temperature and bioclimatic variables at a 1-km² resolution for 0–5 and 5–15 cm soil depth. These maps were created by calculating the difference (i.e., offset) between in-situ soil temperature measurements, based on time series from over 1200 1-km² pixels (summarized from 8500 unique temperature sensors) across all the world’s major terrestrial biomes, and coarse-grained air temperature estimates from ERA5-Land (an atmospheric reanalysis by the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts). We show that mean annual soil temperature differs markedly from the corresponding gridded air temperature, by up to 10°C (mean = 3.0 ± 2.1°C), with substantial variation across biomes and seasons. Over the year, soils in cold and/or dry biomes are substantially warmer (+3.6 ± 2.3°C) than gridded air temperature, whereas soils in warm and humid environments are on average slightly cooler (-0.7 ± 2.3°C). The observed substantial and biome-specific offsets emphasize that the projected impacts of climate and climate change on near-surface biodiversity and ecosystem functioning are inaccurately assessed when air rather than soil temperature is used, especially in cold environments. The global soil-related bioclimatic variables provided here are an important step forward for any application in ecology and related disciplines. Nevertheless, we highlight the need to fill remaining geographic gaps by collecting more in-situ measurements of microclimate conditions to further enhance the spatiotemporal resolution of global soil temperature products for ecological applications