Manejo de variadores Yaskawa v1000 y motores asíncronos Nord SK71L/4

Se procedió a iniciar una labor teórico-práctica para dar utilidad a diferentes componentes que habían sido adquiridos por la institución (motores asíncronos Nord sk71l/4, Variadores Yaskawa V1000 y panel de borneras de construcción institucional) pero que no habían sido usados debido al poco conocimiento de los docentes del área, profesionales que laboran en los laboratorios de docencia y estudiantes, volviéndose así en objetivo principal desarrollar una serie de guías de aprendizaje donde cualquier persona de la institución que deseara usar los elementos, aun sin tener conocimientos previos de los mismos, lo pudieran hacer. Desde la puesta en marcha del motor, la variación de rampas de aceleración y desaceleración, la variación de la velocidad, cambio de sentido del giro hasta el uso de botoneras para operar el variador de manera remota, pueden ser vistos en la serie 3 entregables. Además, se realizó el ensamble de los motores (cableado interno e instalación de borneras) y se construyeron los cables necesarios para su conexión (banana macho-macho y cable de poder trifásico). Además, se sujeta a modificación los módulos en los cuales se van a operar los variadores y motores: La placa de bornes de los motores es modificada de forma tal que se distingue individualmente las líneas de entrada de alimentación, para así variar a necesidad su configuración para facilitar el modo de trabajo y reducir los tiempos de ejecución en las aulas, dedicándose en estas únicamente al objetivo real de cada guía.Tecnólogo en Electrónicapregrad

El fenómeno de polarización entre 'Petristas' y 'Uribistas' de la ciudad de Medellín: creencias y emociones movilizadas en los grupos frente al adversario y sus respectivas figuras políticas

This article addresses reactive devaluation processes, which are based on collective emotional orientations and the delegitimization of the opponent, which collects social beliefs about the enemy, within the framework of polarization, which has developed in Colombia, particularly since the so-called plebiscite for peace (2016) and the 2018 presidential election. A mixed methodology (qualitative and quantitative) was used through a descriptive frequency study and content analysis with participants, who recognized themselves as 'Pro Petro' and 'Pro Uribe.' Dynamics of rejection of the discourse of the opposing political leader were identified, by arguing reasons, which were based on social beliefs and emotional orientation, previously built on distrust and displeasure in relation to that political figure. This situation shows how polarization reduces spaces for dialogue, conversation, discussion, and democratic debate in Colombia, by becoming a psychosocial barrier to peacebuilding and reconciliation.El presente artículo aborda procesos de devaluación reactiva, basada en orientaciones emocionales colectivas y la deslegitimación del adversario que recoge creencias sociales sobre el enemigo, en el marco de polarización que se ha desarrollado en Colombia, particularmente a partir del denominado plebiscito por la paz (2016) y las elecciones presidenciales del 2018. Se utilizó una metodología mixta (cualitativa y cuantitativa) a través de un estudio descriptivo de frecuencias, y un análisis de contenido con participantes que se reconocieron a sí mismos como 'Petristas' y 'Uribistas'. Se identificaron dinámicas de rechazo al discurso del líder político contrario, esgrimiendo razones que estaban fundamentadas en creencias sociales y orientaciones emocionales previamente construidas de desconfianza y desagrado en relación con esa figura política, lo que evidencia la forma como la polarización reduce espacios de diálogo, conversación, discusión y debate democrático en Colombia, constituyéndose en Barrera psicosocial para la construcción de la paz y la reconciliación

El fenómeno de polarización entre ‘Petristas’ y ‘Uribistas’ de la ciudad de Medellín: creencias y emociones movilizadas en los grupos frente al adversario y sus respectivas figuras políticas

This article addresses reactive devaluation processes, which are based on collective emotional orientations and the delegitimization of the opponent, which collects social beliefs about the enemy, within the framework of polarization, which has developed in Colombia, particularly since the so-called plebiscite for peace (2016) and the 2018 presidential election. A mixed methodology (qualitative and quantitative) was used through a descriptive frequency study and content analysis with participants, who recognized themselves as ‘Pro Petro’ and ‘Pro Uribe.’ Dynamics of rejection of the discourse of the opposing political leader were identified, by arguing reasons, which were based on social beliefs and emotional orientation, previously built on distrust and displeasure in relation to that political figure. This situation shows how polarization reduces spaces for dialogue, conversation, discussion, and democratic debate in Colombia, by becoming a psychosocial barrier to peacebuilding and reconciliation.El presente artículo aborda procesos de devaluación reactiva, basada en orientaciones emocionales colectivas y la deslegitimación del adversario que recoge creencias sociales sobre el enemigo, en el marco de polarización que se ha desarrollado en Colombia, particularmente a partir del denominado plebiscito por la paz (2016) y las elecciones presidenciales del 2018. Se utilizó una metodología mixta (cualitativa y cuantitativa) a través de un estudio descriptivo de frecuencias, y un análisis de contenido con participantes que se reconocieron a sí mismos como ‘Petristas’ y ‘Uribistas’. Se identificaron dinámicas de rechazo al discurso del líder político contrario, esgrimiendo razones que estaban fundamentadas en creencias sociales y orientaciones emocionales previamente construidas de desconfianza y desagrado en relación con esa figura política, lo que evidencia la forma como la polarización reduce espacios de diálogo, conversación, discusión y debate democrático en Colombia, constituyéndose en Barrera psicosocial para la construcción de la paz y la reconciliación

Compromising between European and US allergen immunotherapy schools: Discussions from GUIMIT, the Mexican immunotherapy guidelines

Background: Allergen immunotherapy (AIT) has a longstanding history and still remains the only disease-changing treatment for allergic rhinitis and asthma. Over the years 2 different schools have developed their strategies: the United States (US) and the European. Allergen extracts available in these regions are adapted to local practice. In other parts of the world, extracts from both regions and local ones are commercialized, as in Mexico. Here, local experts developed a national AIT guideline (GUIMIT 2019) searching for compromises between both schools. Methods: Using ADAPTE methodology for transculturizing guidelines and AGREE-II for evaluating guideline quality, GUIMIT selected 3 high-quality Main Reference Guidelines (MRGs): the European Academy of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology (EAACI) guideines, the S2k guideline of various German-speaking medical societies (2014), and the US Practice Parameters on Allergen Immunotherapy 2011. We formulated clinical questions and based responses on the fused evidence available in the MRGs, combined with local possibilities, patient's preference, and costs. We came across several issues on which the MRGs disagreed. These are presented here along with arguments of GUIMIT members to resolve them. GUIMIT (for a complete English version, see Supplementary data) concluded the following: Results: Related to the diagnosis of IgE-mediated respiratory allergy, apart from skin prick testing complementary tests (challenges, in vitro testing and molecular such as species-specific allergens) might be useful in selected cases to inform AIT composition. AIT is indicated in allergic rhinitis and suggested in allergic asthma (once controlled) and IgE-mediated atopic dermatitis. Concerning the correct subcutaneous AIT dose for compounding vials according to the US school: dosing tables and formula are given; up to 4 non-related allergens can be mixed, refraining from mixing high with low protease extracts. When using European extracts: the manufacturer's indications should be followed; in multi-allergic patients 2 simultaneous injections can be given (100% consensus); mixing is discouraged. In Mexico only allergoid tablets are available; based on doses used in all sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) publications referenced in MRGs, GUIMIT suggests a probable effective dose related to subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT) might be: 50–200% of the monthly SCIT dose given daily, maximum mixing 4 allergens. Also, a table with practical suggestions on non-evidence-existing issues, developed with a simplified Delphi method, is added. Finally, dissemination and implementation of guidelines is briefly discussed, explaining how we used online tools for this in Mexico. Conclusions: Countries where European and American AIT extracts are available should adjust AIT according to which school is followed

Role of age and comorbidities in mortality of patients with infective endocarditis

[Purpose]: The aim of this study was to analyse the characteristics of patients with IE in three groups of age and to assess the ability of age and the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) to predict mortality. [Methods]: Prospective cohort study of all patients with IE included in the GAMES Spanish database between 2008 and 2015.Patients were stratified into three age groups:<65 years,65 to 80 years,and ≥ 80 years.The area under the receiver-operating characteristic (AUROC) curve was calculated to quantify the diagnostic accuracy of the CCI to predict mortality risk. [Results]: A total of 3120 patients with IE (1327 < 65 years;1291 65-80 years;502 ≥ 80 years) were enrolled.Fever and heart failure were the most common presentations of IE, with no differences among age groups.Patients ≥80 years who underwent surgery were significantly lower compared with other age groups (14.3%,65 years; 20.5%,65-79 years; 31.3%,≥80 years). In-hospital mortality was lower in the <65-year group (20.3%,<65 years;30.1%,65-79 years;34.7%,≥80 years;p < 0.001) as well as 1-year mortality (3.2%, <65 years; 5.5%, 65-80 years;7.6%,≥80 years; p = 0.003).Independent predictors of mortality were age ≥ 80 years (hazard ratio [HR]:2.78;95% confidence interval [CI]:2.32–3.34), CCI ≥ 3 (HR:1.62; 95% CI:1.39–1.88),and non-performed surgery (HR:1.64;95% CI:11.16–1.58).When the three age groups were compared,the AUROC curve for CCI was significantly larger for patients aged <65 years(p < 0.001) for both in-hospital and 1-year mortality. [Conclusion]: There were no differences in the clinical presentation of IE between the groups. Age ≥ 80 years, high comorbidity (measured by CCI),and non-performance of surgery were independent predictors of mortality in patients with IE.CCI could help to identify those patients with IE and surgical indication who present a lower risk of in-hospital and 1-year mortality after surgery, especially in the <65-year group

Libro: Las Ciencias Políticas y Sociales ante Contingencias de Amplio Impacto. Incógnitas y Propuestas

Ciencia Política, Administración Pública, Política y Gobierno, y Políticas Públicas. Licencia Creative Commons License 3.0 Reconocimiento-No Comercial-Sin Obras Derivadas. Usted es libre de copiar, distribuir y comunicar públicamente la obra bajo las condiciones siguientes: Reconocimiento - Debe reconocer los créditos de la obra de la manera especificada por el autor o el licenciador (pero no de una manera que sugiera que tiene su apoyo o apoyan el uso que hace de su obra). No comercial - No puede utilizar esta obra para fines comerciales. Sin obras derivadas - No se puede alterar, transformar o generar una obra derivada a partir de esta obra.Se analizan desde una perspectiva internacional a interdisciplinaria las vertientes, problemas, incógnitas y propuestas ante una nueva realidad o normalidad, resultado y consecuencia de la pandemia que se vive de manera contemporánea, de tal manera que la problematización abordada realimente propuestas, acciones y rutas adecuadas y satisfactorias que permitan la construcción de futuros promisorios.Academia Internacional de Ciencias Político-Administrativas y Estudios de Futuro, A.C. (IAPAS por sus siglas en inglés)

Spread of a SARS-CoV-2 variant through Europe in the summer of 2020

[EN] Following its emergence in late 2019, the spread of SARS-CoV-21,2 has been tracked by phylogenetic analysis of viral genome sequences in unprecedented detail3,4,5. Although the virus spread globally in early 2020 before borders closed, intercontinental travel has since been greatly reduced. However, travel within Europe resumed in the summer of 2020. Here we report on a SARS-CoV-2 variant, 20E (EU1), that was identified in Spain in early summer 2020 and subsequently spread across Europe. We find no evidence that this variant has increased transmissibility, but instead demonstrate how rising incidence in Spain, resumption of travel, and lack of effective screening and containment may explain the variant’s success. Despite travel restrictions, we estimate that 20E (EU1) was introduced hundreds of times to European countries by summertime travellers, which is likely to have undermined local efforts to minimize infection with SARS-CoV-2. Our results illustrate how a variant can rapidly become dominant even in the absence of a substantial transmission advantage in favourable epidemiological settings. Genomic surveillance is critical for understanding how travel can affect transmission of SARS-CoV-2, and thus for informing future containment strategies as travel resumes.S

Treatment with tocilizumab or corticosteroids for COVID-19 patients with hyperinflammatory state: a multicentre cohort study (SAM-COVID-19)

Objectives: The objective of this study was to estimate the association between tocilizumab or corticosteroids and the risk of intubation or death in patients with coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) with a hyperinflammatory state according to clinical and laboratory parameters. Methods: A cohort study was performed in 60 Spanish hospitals including 778 patients with COVID-19 and clinical and laboratory data indicative of a hyperinflammatory state. Treatment was mainly with tocilizumab, an intermediate-high dose of corticosteroids (IHDC), a pulse dose of corticosteroids (PDC), combination therapy, or no treatment. Primary outcome was intubation or death; follow-up was 21 days. Propensity score-adjusted estimations using Cox regression (logistic regression if needed) were calculated. Propensity scores were used as confounders, matching variables and for the inverse probability of treatment weights (IPTWs). Results: In all, 88, 117, 78 and 151 patients treated with tocilizumab, IHDC, PDC, and combination therapy, respectively, were compared with 344 untreated patients. The primary endpoint occurred in 10 (11.4%), 27 (23.1%), 12 (15.4%), 40 (25.6%) and 69 (21.1%), respectively. The IPTW-based hazard ratios (odds ratio for combination therapy) for the primary endpoint were 0.32 (95%CI 0.22-0.47; p < 0.001) for tocilizumab, 0.82 (0.71-1.30; p 0.82) for IHDC, 0.61 (0.43-0.86; p 0.006) for PDC, and 1.17 (0.86-1.58; p 0.30) for combination therapy. Other applications of the propensity score provided similar results, but were not significant for PDC. Tocilizumab was also associated with lower hazard of death alone in IPTW analysis (0.07; 0.02-0.17; p < 0.001). Conclusions: Tocilizumab might be useful in COVID-19 patients with a hyperinflammatory state and should be prioritized for randomized trials in this situatio

Capitulo 4. Ciencias de la Educación

La presente ponencia tiene como objetivo desarrollar la relación entre pensamiento crítico y la inteligencia emocional en el contexto del proyecto de Observatorio Colombiano de Filosofía para Niños, aprobado en convocatoria interna en la UNAD. El presupuesto pedagógico del proyecto de Observatorio de Filosofía para niños tiene que ver con la intencionalidad de desarrollar pensamiento crítico, lo cual contrasta con un aspecto del aprendizaje que tienen que ver con la esfera emocional del estudiante y el uso de la red social Facebook como plataforma del Observatorio. Se trata entonces de lograr una dimensión de pensamiento crítico a una herramienta de red social, en la cual que predomina la inteligencia emocional