Измерение эстрогенов в тканях молочной железы методом жидкостной хроматографии и тандемной масс-спектрометрии

Although estrogen contribution estrogen to breast cancer development is not fully understood, an effective method of their measurement, in the mammary gland might provide additional insight. In this study, we have developed a LC-MS/MS method of simultaneous quantification of estrone and estradiol in breast tissue samples. Analytes were extracted with methyl tert-butyl ether by sonication and derivatized with dansyl chloride. Estrogens were analyzed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry with an electrospray ionization source. Accuracy and precision were better than 20% for most concentrations. Although estrone and estradiol levels in normal and malignant breast tissue samples analyzed using our method insignificantly differed. The method developed may be used in further studies aimed at evaluating a role estrogens in breast cancer risk.Воздействие эстрогенов считается одним из основных факторов риска развития рака молочной железы, однако механизмы действия этого фактора до конца не изучены. В связи с этим актуальным является создание методов оценки содержания эстрогенов в тканях молочной железы. В данной работе представлены результаты разработки метода количественного определения эстрона и эстрадиола в образцах ткани молочной железы с помощью высокоэффективной жидкостной хроматографии с масс-спектрометрической детекцией. Аналиты экстрагировали метил-трет-бутиловым эфиром в ультразвуковой бане и дериватизировали дансилхлоридом. Были рассмотрены варианты нормировки количественных данных на исходную массу ткани и на массу экстрагированных липидов. Точность и прецизионность конечного метода были выше 20% для большинства концентраций. С помощью метода были проанализированы уровни эстрона и эстрадиола в образцах нормальной и злокачественной ткани молочной железы. Разработанный метод может быть использован в дальнейших исследованиях влияния эстрогена на риск развития рака молочной железы

Гнойный гидраденит. Часть I

Until recently, the pathogenesis of purulent hidradenitis was a little- and sporadically studied issue, which invariably created difficulties in the therapeutic treatment of this disease. Its often severe recurrency rate, high incidence and the lack of effective treatment have predetermined the urgency of the problem and raised the scientific and practical interest in this field among the scientists worldwide. Recent data indicate a significant role of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMP) and the activation of congenital immunity, associated with Th17 lymphocytes, in the development of inflammatory disease. Likewise, the violation of the transmission of the cellular Notch signaling pathway plays an important role in the development of purulent hidradenitis. До недавнего времени патогенез гнойного гидраденита являлся малоизученной и нерешенной проблемой, что неизменно создавало трудности в терапии этого заболевания. Зачастую тяжелое рецидивирующее течение, высокая частота встречаемости и отсутствие эффективного лечения предопределили актуальность проблемы и обусловили научно-практический интерес ученых всего мира в этой области. Последние данные свидетельствуют о существенной роли в развитии заболевания воспалительных молекул DAMP и активации врожденного иммунитета, связанного с Тh17-лимфоцитами. Немаловажную роль в развитии гнойного гидраденита также играет нарушение передачи клеточного сигнала Notch-пути.

Гнойный гидраденит. Часть II

Purulent hydradenitis is a chronic relapsing disease that affects 4% of the population, caused by uncontrolled growth of hair follicle and apocrine gland cells, which leads to the development of autoimmune and then septic inflammation. The provoking factors are obesity, smoking, formation of apocrine glands in the body. The variety of subordinates of Suppurative hydradenitis, differences in the prognosis and course of the disease, as well as the need to manage patients with this pathology in the surgical department, determine the standardization of the therapeutic algorithm and the objectification of the degree of clinical response to the therapy using scoring scales.Гнойный гидраденит — хроническое рецидивирующее заболевание, поражающее 4% населения, причиной которого является неконтролируемый рост клеток волосяного фолликула и апокриновой железы, что приводит к развитию аутоиммунного, а затем септического воспаления. Провоцирующими факторами являются ожирение, курение, формирование апокриновых желез в организме. Многообразие субтипов гнойного гидраденита, различия в прогнозе и течении заболевания, а также необходимость ведения пациентов с данной патологией в хирургическом отделении обусловливают стандартизацию терапевтического алгоритма и объективизацию степени клинического ответа на проводимую терапию с помощью оценочных шкал

Comments on the cross-relaxation effect between adsorbed ³He and PrF₃ nanoparticles

The spin kinetics data of ³He in contact with PrF₃ and LaF₃ nanosized powders are reported. All experiments have been carried out by pulse NMR methods at temperature 1.5 K. The analysis of obtained data testifies in favor of cross-relaxation presence in the nuclear spin–lattice relaxation data, which takes place between ³He and ¹⁴¹Pr nuclei

The Atmospheric Chemistry Suite (ACS) of Three Spectrometers for the ExoMars 2016 Trace Gas Orbiter

The Atmospheric Chemistry Suite (ACS) package is an element of the Russian contribution to the ESA-Roscosmos ExoMars 2016 Trace Gas Orbiter (TGO) mission. ACS consists of three separate infrared spectrometers, sharing common mechanical, electrical, and thermal interfaces. This ensemble of spectrometers has been designed and developed in response to the Trace Gas Orbiter mission objectives that specifically address the requirement of high sensitivity instruments to enable the unambiguous detection of trace gases of potential geophysical or biological interest. For this reason, ACS embarks a set of instruments achieving simultaneously very high accuracy (ppt level), very high resolving power (>10,000) and large spectral coverage (0.7 to 17 μm—the visible to thermal infrared range). The near-infrared (NIR) channel is a versatile spectrometer covering the 0.7–1.6 μm spectral range with a resolving power of ∼20,000. NIR employs the combination of an echelle grating with an AOTF (Acousto-Optical Tunable Filter) as diffraction order selector. This channel will be mainly operated in solar occultation and nadir, and can also perform limb observations. The scientific goals of NIR are the measurements of water vapor, aerosols, and dayside or night side airglows. The mid-infrared (MIR) channel is a cross-dispersion echelle instrument dedicated to solar occultation measurements in the 2.2–4.4 μm range. MIR achieves a resolving power of >50,000. It has been designed to accomplish the most sensitive measurements ever of the trace gases present in the Martian atmosphere. The thermal-infrared channel (TIRVIM) is a 2-inch double pendulum Fourier-transform spectrometer encompassing the spectral range of 1.7–17 μm with apodized resolution varying from 0.2 to 1.3 cm−1. TIRVIM is primarily dedicated to profiling temperature from the surface up to ∼60 km and to monitor aerosol abundance in nadir. TIRVIM also has a limb and solar occultation capability. The technical concept of the instrument, its accommodation on the spacecraft, the optical designs as well as some of the calibrations, and the expected performances for its three channels are described

Study of doubly strange systems using stored antiprotons

Bound nuclear systems with two units of strangeness are still poorly known despite their importance for many strong interaction phenomena. Stored antiprotons beams in the GeV range represent an unparalleled factory for various hyperon-antihyperon pairs. Their outstanding large production probability in antiproton collisions will open the floodgates for a series of new studies of systems which contain two or even more units of strangeness at the P‾ANDA experiment at FAIR. For the first time, high resolution γ-spectroscopy of doubly strange ΛΛ-hypernuclei will be performed, thus complementing measurements of ground state decays of ΛΛ-hypernuclei at J-PARC or possible decays of particle unstable hypernuclei in heavy ion reactions. High resolution spectroscopy of multistrange Ξ−-atoms will be feasible and even the production of Ω−-atoms will be within reach. The latter might open the door to the |S|=3 world in strangeness nuclear physics, by the study of the hadronic Ω−-nucleus interaction. For the first time it will be possible to study the behavior of Ξ‾+ in nuclear systems under well controlled conditions

Measurement of azimuthal hadron asymmetries in semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering off unpolarised nucleons

Adolph C, Akhunzyanov R, Alexeev MG, et al. Measurement of azimuthal hadron asymmetries in semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering off unpolarised nucleons. Nuclear Physics B. 2014;886:1046-1077.Spin-averaged asymmetries in the azimuthal distributions of positive and negative hadrons produced in deep inelastic scattering were measured using the CERN SPS muon beam at $160$ GeV/c and a $^6$LiD target. The amplitudes of the three azimuthal modulations $\cos\phi_h$, $\cos2\phi_h$ and $\sin\phi_h$ were obtained binning the data separately in each of the relevant kinematic variables $x$, $z$ or $p_T^{\,h}$ and binning in a three-dimensional grid of these three variables. The amplitudes of the $\cos \phi_h$ and $\cos 2\phi_h$ modulations show strong kinematic dependencies both for positive and negative hadrons

Electron paramagnetic resonance study of (La0.33Sm0.67)0.67Sr0.33−xBaxMnO3 (x<0.1): Griffiths phase

Manganite compounds (La0.33Sm0.67)0.67Sr0.33-xBaxMnO3 with light Ba doping (x = 0.01, 0.03, 0.06, 0.09) have been investigated by EPR over the temperature range 110 – 450 K. It was found that the EPR linewidth behavior changed drastically in samples with these low Ba concentrations. For all the samples there was observed a transition from paramagnetic to ferromagnetic phase below the phase-transition temperature. EPR signals characteristic of Griffiths phase were observed in the samples with x = 0.03, 0.06, 0.09. The temperature dependence of the EPR linewidth in the paramagnetic phase was analyzed on the basis of variable-range-hoping model, which explained well the observed data