17 research outputs found
The progress of interdisciplinarity in invasion science
Interdisciplinarity is needed to gain knowledge of the ecology of invasive species and invaded ecosystems, and of the human dimensions of biological invasions. We combine a quantitative literature review with a qualitative historical narrative to document the progress of interdisciplinarity in invasion science since 1950. Our review shows that 92.4% of interdisciplinary publications (out of 9192) focus on ecological questions, 4.4% on social ones, and 3.2% on socialâecological ones. The emergence of invasion science out of ecology might explain why interdisciplinarity has remained mostly within the natural sciences. Nevertheless, invasion science is attracting socialâecological collaborations to understand ecological challenges, and to develop novel approaches to address new ideas, concepts, and invasion-related questions between scholars and stakeholders. We discuss ways to reframe invasion science as a field centred on interlinked socialâecological dynamics to bring science, governance and society together in a common effort to deal with invasions
Potential association of HCF164, a chloroplast nuclear-encoded thioredoxin-like protein, with Coffea SH9 resistance factor against Hemileia vastatrix
29th Conference of Association for the Science and Information on Coffee, 11 Sept. - 14 Sept. 2023 Hanoi, Vietnaminfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Characterization of microsatellite loci in Erysimum mediohispanicum (Brassicaceae) and cross-amplification in related species
• Premise of the study : We have developed and optimized microsatellite loci from a genomic library of Erysimum mediohispanicum. Microsatellites were also tested for cross-amplifi cation in 31 other Erysimum species. • Methods and Results : A total of 10 microsatellite loci were successfully amplifi ed. They were polymorphic for 81 E. mediohispanicum individuals from two locations in Sierra Nevada (southeastern Spain), which showed similar patterns of genetic diversity. On average, microsatellites had 8.6 alleles per locus and an expected heterozygosity of 0.69. Only one locus signifi cantly departed from Hardy – Weinberg equilibrium in both locations. Most of the markers successfully amplifi ed in other Erysimum species. • Conclusions : The genetic attributes of microsatellite loci will allow their application to population genetic studies in Erysimum , such as genetic differentiation and structure, gene fl ow, pollinator-mediated speciation, and hybridization studies. 
Relaciones filogenĂ©ticas en Erysimun (Brassicaceae) de las Cordilleras BĂ©ticas (SE PenĂnsula IbĂ©rica)
The Baetic mountains, located in the southern Iberian Peninsula, is a major hotspot of biodiversity in the Mediterranean Basin, constituting one of the most important glacial refugia for vascular plants in Europe. Despite their relatively limited extension, the Baetic Mountains contain almost 50% of the total endemic Erysimum species in the Iberian Peninsula. The broadly distributed Erysimum genus has diversified profusely in the Mediterranean region, with more than a hundred species described in the area, out of a total of c. 200 species included in the genus. We used two plastid DNA regions (ndhF and trnT-L) and one nuclear DNA region (ITS1-5.8S rDNA-ITS2), with 3,556 bp total length, to carry out phylogenetic analysis by Bayesian inference, maximum likelihood and maximum parsimony, in order to explore the evolutionary relationships between the Erysimum species inhabiting these ranges. Analyses of concatenated sequences from the two genomes identified two main clades with no overlap in species composition so that samples from the same species fell within the same major clade. The phylogenetic relationships depicted by those two clades do not give support to the E. nevadense group, previously proposed on taxonomic grounds. In addition, our results indicated recurrent changes in flower colour in the Baetic Erysimum species although, alternatively, reticulate evolution, which is suggested by incongruent position of taxa in the different trees, may have also affected this trait.Las cordilleras BĂ©ticas, localizadas en el sudeste de la PenĂnsula IbĂ©rica,
representan una importante zona para la biodiversidad de la cuenca mediterrĂĄnea,
constituyendo uno de los refugios glaciares mĂĄs destacados de
plantas vasculares en Europa. A pesar de su extensiĂłn relativamente limitada,
las cordilleras BĂ©ticas albergan casi el 50% del total de las especies
endĂ©micas de Erysimum de la PenĂnsula IbĂ©rica. Erysimum es un gĂ©nero
ampliamente distribuido, que se ha diversificado profusamente en la regiĂłn
mediterrĂĄnea, con mĂĄs de un centenar de especies descritas en dicha ĂĄrea,
del total de las alrededor de 200 especies incluidas en el género. Usamos
dos regiones de ADN plastidial (ndhF y trnT-L) y una regiĂłn de ADN nuclear
(ITS1-5.8S rDNA-ITS2), con una longitud total de 3.556 pb, para llevar a
cabo anålisis filogenéticos mediante inferencia bayesiana, måxima verosimilitud
y mĂĄxima parsimonia, con el fin de explorar las relaciones evolutivas
entre las especies de Erysimum que habitan en Ă©stas cordilleras.
El anĂĄlisis de secuencias concatenadas de los dos genomas identifica dos
clados principales y las muestras de la misma especie aparecen siempre en
un clado o en el otro pero no en ambos. Las relaciones filogenéticas que
indican esos dos clados no apoyan la circunscripciĂłn del grupo taxonĂłmico
E. nevadense, previamente definido en dicho género. Ademås, los anålisis
indican cambios recurrentes en el color floral de las especies de Erysimum
que habitan los Sistemas BĂ©ticos aunque la evoluciĂłn reticulada, que sugiere
la posición de algunos taxones en uno y otro årbol, puede haber también
afectado a este rasgo, lo que serĂa una hipĂłtesis alternativa.This study has been supported
by MARM (078/2007), Junta de AndalucĂa (P07-RNM-02869 and
P11-RNM-7676), MONTES Consolider-Ingenio (CSD2008-00040), and
Spanish MCyT (CGL2009-07015, and CGL2012-34736) grants. AJMP and
MA were supported by Spanish Education and Science grants AP-2006-
00685 and BES-2007-14206, respectively
Temporal migration rates affect the genetic structure of populations in the biennial Erysimum mediohispanicum with reproductive asynchrony
Funding was provided by projects CGL2009-07487/BOS and CGL2016-77720-P (AEI/FEDER, UE) to F.X.P., by the Impact Fellow programme from the University of Stirling to M.A. and by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (SFRH/BPD/111015/2015) to A.J.M.-P.We are grateful to Armando Caballero, Juan Pedro MartĂnez
Camacho, Mario Vallejo-Marin, Mohammed Bakkali, Robin
S. Waples, Xavier Thibert-Plante and Antonio Castilla for their
comments and discussions on a previous draft of the manuscript.
Esperanza Manzano, Leticia AyllĂłn and RocĂo GĂłmez assisted in
the laboratory. The EVOFLOR discussion group stimulated the
development of this study. We thank the Sierra Nevada National
Park headquarters for the permits and the support during our
samplings in the field. We thank Bioportal at the University
of Oslo and Residencia de Estudiantes de la Universidad de
Zaragoza in Jaca for logistic support. We also thank the staff of
the laboratory of molecular ecology (LEM) of the EBD-CSIC for
assistance.Migration is a process with important implications for the genetic structure of populations. However, there is an aspect of migration seldom investigated in plants: migration between temporally isolated groups of individuals within the same geographic population. The genetic implications of temporal migration can be particularly relevant for semelparous organisms, which are those that reproduce only once in a lifetime after a certain period of growth. In this case, reproductive asynchrony in individuals of the same population generates demes of individuals differing in their developmental stage (non-reproductive and reproductive). These demes are connected by temporal migrants, that is, individuals that become annually asynchronous with respect to the rest of individuals of their same deme. Here, we investigated the extent of temporal migration and its effects on temporal genetic structure in the biennial plant Erysimum mediohispanicum. To this end, we conducted two independent complementary approaches. First, we empirically estimated temporal migration rates and temporal genetic structure in four populations of E. mediohispanicum during three consecutive years using nuclear microsatellites markers. Second, we developed a demographic genetic simulation model to assess genetic structure for different migration scenarios differing in temporal migration rates and their occurrence probabilities. We hypothesized that genetic structure decreased with increasing temporal migration rates due to the homogenizing effect of migration. Empirical and modelling results were consistent and indicated a U-shape relationship between genetic structure and temporal migration rates. Overall, they indicated the existence of temporal genetic structure and that such genetic structure indeed decreased with increasing temporal migration rates. However, genetic structure increased again at high temporal migration rates. The results shed light into the effects of reproductive asynchrony on important population genetic parameters. Our study contributes to unravel the complexity of some processes that may account for genetic diversity and genetic structure of natural populations.AEI/FEDER, UE
CGL2009-07487/BOS
CGL2016-77720-PImpact Fellow programme from the University of StirlingPortuguese Foundation for Science and Technology
SFRH/BPD/111015/201
Smokers with CT detected emphysema and no airway obstruction have decreased plasma levels of EGF, IL-15, IL-8 and IL-1ra
Current or former smokers expressing a well-defined disease characteristic such as emphysema, has a specific plasma cytokine profile. This includes a decrease of cytokines mainly implicated in activation of apoptosis or decrease of immunosurveillance. This information should be taken into account when evaluated patients with tobacco respiratory diseases
Using complementary techniques to distinguish cryptic species: A new Erysimum (Brassicaceae) species from North Africa
• Premise of the study : Cryptic species are superfi cially morphologically indistinguishable and therefore erroneously classifi ed under one single name. The identifi cation and delimitation of these species is usually a diffi cult task. The main aim of this study is to provide an inclusive methodology that combines standard and new tools to allow accurate identifi cation of cryptic species. We used Erysimum nervosum s.l. as a model system. • Methods : Four populations belonging to E. nervosum s.l. were sampled at their two distribution ranges in Morocco (the Atlas Mountains and the Rif Mountains). Fifteen individuals per population were collected to assess standard taxonomic traits. Additionally, corolla color and shape were quantifi ed in 30 individuals per population using spectrophotometry and geometric morphometrics, respectively. Finally, we collected tissue samples from each population per species to study the phylogenetic relationships among them. • Key results : Using the standard taxonomic traits, we could not distinguish the four populations. Nonetheless, there were differences in corolla color and shape between plants from the two mountain ranges. The population differentiation based on quantitative morphological differences were confi rmed and supported by the phylogenetic relationships obtained for these populations and the rest of the Moroccan Erysimum species. • Conclusions : The joint use of the results obtained from standard taxonomic traits, quantitative analyses of plant phenotype, and molecular data suggests the occurrence of two species within E. nervosum s.l. in Morocco, one located in the Atlas Mountains ( E. nervosum s.s.) and the other in the Rif Mountains ( E. riphaeanum sp. nov.). Consequently, we suggest that combining quantitative and molecular approaches with standard taxonomy greatly benefi ts the identifi cation of cryptic species
Asymmetric Reproductive Barriers and Gene Flow Promote the Rise of a Stable Hybrid Zone in the Mediterranean High Mountain
This research has been supported by a grant from the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (CGL2014-59886JIN), the Organismo Autonomo de Parques Nacionales (Ref: 2415/2017), and the Ministry of Science and Innovation (PID2019-111294GB-I00/SRA/10.13039/501100011033). FP acknowledges the projects A.RNM.505.UGR18 (FEDER/Junta de Andalucia-Consejeria de Economia y Conocimiento) and the Spanish Ministry of Science and Competitiveness (CGL201679950-R; CGL2017-86626-C2-2-P), including FEDER funds. MA was supported by the TransSpeciation project (CGL2014-59886JIN). AJM-P was funded by the European Commission under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie Action Cofund 2016 EU agreement 754446 and the UGR Research and knowledge TransferAthenea3i. MB was supported by global Hybrids project (Ref: 2415/2017) and AG-M was supported by OUTevolution project (PID2019-111294GB-I00/SRA/10.13039/501100011033).Hybrid zones have the potential to shed light on evolutionary processes driving
adaptation and speciation. Secondary contact hybrid zones are particularly powerful
natural systems for studying the interaction between divergent genomes to understand
the mode and rate at which reproductive isolation accumulates during speciation. We
have studied a total of 720 plants belonging to five populations from two Erysimum
(Brassicaceae) species presenting a contact zone in the Sierra Nevada mountains
(SE Spain). The plants were phenotyped in 2007 and 2017, and most of them were
genotyped the first year using 10 microsatellite markers. Plants coming from natural
populations were grown in a common garden to evaluate the reproductive barriers
between both species bymeans of controlled crosses. All the plants used for the field and
greenhouse study were characterized by measuring traits related to plant size and flower
size. We estimated the genetic molecular variances, the genetic differentiation, and the
genetic structure by means of the F-statistic and Bayesian inference. We also estimated
the amount of recent gene flow between populations.We found a narrow unimodal hybrid
zone where the hybrid genotypes appear to have been maintained by significant levels of
a unidirectional gene flow coming from parental populations and from weak reproductive
isolation between them. Hybrid plants exhibited intermediate or vigorous phenotypes
depending on the analyzed trait. The phenotypic differences between the hybrid and the
parental plants were highly coherent between the field and controlled cross experiments
and through time. The highly coherent results obtained by combining field, experimental,
and genetic data demonstrate the existence of a stable and narrow unimodal hybrid zone
between Erysimum mediohispanicum and Erysimum nevadense at the high elevation of
the Sierra Nevada mountains.Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness CGL2014-59886JINOrganismo Autonomo de Parques Nacionales 2415/2017Spanish Government PID2019-111294GB-I00/SRA/10.13039/501100011033FEDER/Junta de Andalucia-Consejeria de Economia y Conocimiento A.RNM.505.UGR18Spanish Ministry of Science and Competitiveness CGL201679950-R
CGL2017-86626-C2-2-PTransSpeciation project CGL2014-59886JINEuropean Commission under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie Action 754446UGR Research and knowledge TransferAthenea3i
global Hybrids project 2415/2017OUTevolution project PID2019-111294GB-I00/SRA/10.13039/50110001103
Uso de R como herramienta analĂtica en asignaturas impartidas por el Departamento de GenĂ©tica
Phylogenetic relationships of "Erysimum" (Brassicaceae) from the Baetic Mountains (SE Iberian Peninsula)
The Baetic mountains, located in the southern Iberian Peninsula, is a major hotspot of biodiversity in the Mediterranean Basin, constituting one of the most important glacial refugia for vascular plants in Europe. Despite their relatively limited extension, the Baetic Mountains contain almost 50% of the total endemic Erysimum species in the Iberian Peninsula. The broadly distributed Erysimum genus has diversified profusely in the Mediterranean region, with more than a hundred species described in the area, out of a total of c. 200 species included in the genus. We used two plastid DNA regions (ndhF and trnT-L) and one nuclear DNA region (ITS1-5.8S rDNA-ITS2), with 3,556 bp total length, to carry out phylogenetic analysis by Bayesian inference, maximum likelihood and maximum parsimony, in order to explore the evolutionary relationships between the Erysimum species inhabiting these ranges. Analyses of concatenated sequences from the two genomes identified two main clades with no overlap in species composition so that samples from the same species fell within the same major clade. The phylogenetic relationships depicted by those two clades do not give support to the E. nevadense group, previously proposed on taxonomic grounds. In addition, our results indicated recurrent changes in flower colour in the Baetic Erysimum species although, alternatively, reticulate evolution, which is suggested by incongruent position of taxa in the different trees, may have also affected this trait.Las cordilleras BĂ©ticas, localizadas en el sudeste de la PenĂnsula IbĂ©rica, representan una importante zona para la biodiversidad de la cuenca mediterrĂĄnea, constituyendo uno de los refugios glaciares mĂĄs destacados de plantas vasculares en Europa. A pesar de su extensiĂłn relativamente limitada, las cordilleras BĂ©ticas albergan casi el 50% del total de las especies endĂ©micas de Erysimum de la PenĂnsula IbĂ©rica. Erysimum es un gĂ©nero ampliamente distribuido, que se ha diversificado profusamente en la regiĂłn mediterrĂĄnea, con mĂĄs de un centenar de especies descritas en dicha ĂĄrea, del total de las alrededor de 200 especies incluidas en el gĂ©nero. Usamos dos regiones de ADN plastidial (ndhF y trnT-L) y una regiĂłn de ADN nuclear (ITS1-5.8S rDNA-ITS2), con una longitud total de 3.556 pb, para llevar a cabo anĂĄlisis filogenĂ©ticos mediante inferencia bayesiana, mĂĄxima verosimilitud y mĂĄxima parsimonia, con el fin de explorar las relaciones evolutivas entre las especies de Erysimum que habitan en Ă©stas cordilleras. El anĂĄlisis de secuencias concatenadas de los dos genomas identifica dos clados principales y las muestras de la misma especie aparecen siempre en un clado o en el otro pero no en ambos. Las relaciones filogenĂ©ticas que indican esos dos clados no apoyan la circunscripciĂłn del grupo taxonĂłmico E. nevadense, previamente definido en dicho gĂ©nero. AdemĂĄs, los anĂĄlisis indican cambios recurrentes en el color floral de las especies de Erysimum que habitan los Sistemas BĂ©ticos aunque la evoluciĂłn reticulada, que sugiere la posiciĂłn de algunos taxones en uno y otro ĂĄrbol, puede haber tambiĂ©n afectado a este rasgo, lo que serĂa una hipĂłtesis alternativa