A virtualização do museu do futebol como espaço de aprendizagem: diálogos com a cibercultura e cultura da convergência

O presente estudo explorou possibilidades de aprendizagem e constituição de saberes a partir de exposições virtuais do Museu do Futebol. Em contexto de pandemia, analisamos como a cibercultura e a cultura da convergência podem contribuir à dimensão do aprendizado, por uma abordagem crítica e interativa de uma manifestação cultural esportiva, o futebol. Destacamos exposições que tratam o histórico da participação das mulheres no futebol brasileiro. Corroboramos que a cibercultura e a cultura da convergência são importantes na ampliação do acesso aos conhecimentos historicamente produzidos, pois perpassam a educação histórica e de uma prática corporal, uma vez que a interação e participação das pessoas são potencializadas com a virtualização do Museu do Futebol, por seus canais de mídia

A virtualização do museu do futebol como espaço de aprendizagem: diálogos com a cibercultura e cultura da convergência

O presente estudo explorou possibilidades de aprendizagem e constituição de saberes a partir de exposições virtuais do Museu do Futebol. Em contexto de pandemia, analisamos como a cibercultura e a cultura da convergência podem contribuir à dimensão do aprendizado, por uma abordagem crítica e interativa de uma manifestação cultural esportiva, o futebol. Destacamos exposições que tratam o histórico da participação das mulheres no futebol brasileiro. Corroboramos que a cibercultura e a cultura da convergência são importantes na ampliação do acesso aos conhecimentos historicamente produzidos, pois perpassam a educação histórica e de uma prática corporal, uma vez que a interação e participação das pessoas são potencializadas com a virtualização do Museu do Futebol, por seus canais de mídia

Effect of the systemic administration of methylprednisolone on the lungs of brain-dead donor rats undergoing pulmonary transplantation

OBJECTIVE: Most lung transplants are obtained from brain-dead donors. The physiopathology of brain death involves hemodynamics, the sympathetic nervous system, and inflammatory mechanisms. Administering methylprednisolone 60 min after inducing brain death in rats has been shown to modulate pulmonary inflammatory activity. Our objective was to evaluate the effects of methylprednisolone on transplanted rat lungs from donors treated 60 min after brain death. METHODS: Twelve Wistar rats were anesthetized, and brain death was induced. They were randomly divided into two groups (n = 6), namely a control group, which was administered saline solution, and a methylprednisolone group, which received the drug 60 min after the induction of brain death. All of the animals were observed and ventilated for 2 h prior to being submitted to lung transplantation. We evaluated the hemodynamic and blood gas parameters, histological score, lung tissue levels of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances, level of superoxide dismutase, level of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and level of interleukin-1 beta. RESULTS: After transplantation, a significant reduction in the levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and IL-1β was observed in the group that received methylprednisolone (p = 0.0084 and p = 0.0155, respectively). There were no significant differences in tumor necrosis factor-alpha and superoxide dismutase levels between the control and methylprednisolone groups (p = 0.2644 and p = 0.7461, respectively). There were no significant differences in the blood gas parameters, hemodynamics, and histological alterations between the groups. CONCLUSION: The administration of methylprednisolone after brain death in donor rats reduces inflammatory activity in transplanted lungs but has no influence on parameters related to oxidative stress

A MÍDIA EM DEBATE NA CAMPANHA #FORARICARDOTEIXEIRA DO TWITTER

Em 2011 ganhou espaço na mídia um movimento que se iniciou no Twitter e que reivindicava a saída do então presidente da Confederação Brasileira de Futebol (CBF). O episódio demonstrava o poder que a mobilização popular assumia nas Redes Sociais. A partir dessa temática, realizamos uma pesquisa com o objetivo de investigar como são os debates públicos sobre fatos esportivos na Rede Social Twitter, a partir de um estudo de caso da campanha "Fora Ricardo Teixeira". Para tal, analisamos 725 postagens textuais do Twitter e acompanhamos a campanha por seis meses. Constatamos que para protestar, os participantes debatem entre si, divulgam opiniões pessoais e informações da mídia que não são presentes nos meios televisivos, além de abordarem a temática esportiva de modo amplo e crítico

A CAMPANHA #FORARICARDOTEIXEIRA NO TWITTER: INTERAÇÕES SOCIAIS E DEBATE PÚBLICO A RESPEITO DO ESPORTE

Em 2011 ganhou espaço na mídia um movimento que se iniciou no Twitter e que reivindicava a saída do então presidente da Confederação Brasileira de Futebol (CBF). O episódio demonstrava o poder que a mobilização popular assumia nas Redes Sociais. A partir dessa temática, realizamos uma pesquisa com o objetivo de investigar como são os debates públicos sobre fatos esportivos na Rede Social Twitter, a partir de um estudo de caso da campanha “Fora Ricardo Teixeira”. Para tal, analisamos 725 postagens textuais do Twitter e acompanhamos a campanha por seis meses. Constatamos que, para protestar, os participantes debatem entre si, divulgam opiniões pessoais e informações da mídia que não são presentes nos meios televisivos, além de abordarem a temática esportiva de modo amplo e crítico

Sloan Digital Sky Survey IV: Mapping the Milky Way, Nearby Galaxies, and the Distant Universe

We describe the Sloan Digital Sky Survey IV (SDSS-IV), a project encompassing three major spectroscopic programs. The Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment 2 (APOGEE-2) is observing hundreds of thousands of Milky Way stars at high resolution and high signal-to-noise ratios in the near-infrared. The Mapping Nearby Galaxies at Apache Point Observatory (MaNGA) survey is obtaining spatially resolved spectroscopy for thousands of nearby galaxies (median $z\sim 0.03$). The extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (eBOSS) is mapping the galaxy, quasar, and neutral gas distributions between $z\sim 0.6$ and 3.5 to constrain cosmology using baryon acoustic oscillations, redshift space distortions, and the shape of the power spectrum. Within eBOSS, we are conducting two major subprograms: the SPectroscopic IDentification of eROSITA Sources (SPIDERS), investigating X-ray AGNs and galaxies in X-ray clusters, and the Time Domain Spectroscopic Survey (TDSS), obtaining spectra of variable sources. All programs use the 2.5 m Sloan Foundation Telescope at the Apache Point Observatory; observations there began in Summer 2014. APOGEE-2 also operates a second near-infrared spectrograph at the 2.5 m du Pont Telescope at Las Campanas Observatory, with observations beginning in early 2017. Observations at both facilities are scheduled to continue through 2020. In keeping with previous SDSS policy, SDSS-IV provides regularly scheduled public data releases; the first one, Data Release 13, was made available in 2016 July

Global economic burden of unmet surgical need for appendicitis

Background: There is a substantial gap in provision of adequate surgical care in many low-and middle-income countries. This study aimed to identify the economic burden of unmet surgical need for the common condition of appendicitis. Methods: Data on the incidence of appendicitis from 170 countries and two different approaches were used to estimate numbers of patients who do not receive surgery: as a fixed proportion of the total unmet surgical need per country (approach 1); and based on country income status (approach 2). Indirect costs with current levels of access and local quality, and those if quality were at the standards of high-income countries, were estimated. A human capital approach was applied, focusing on the economic burden resulting from premature death and absenteeism. Results: Excess mortality was 4185 per 100 000 cases of appendicitis using approach 1 and 3448 per 100 000 using approach 2. The economic burden of continuing current levels of access and local quality was US $92 492 million using approach 1 and$73 141 million using approach 2. The economic burden of not providing surgical care to the standards of high-income countries was $95 004 million using approach 1 and$75 666 million using approach 2. The largest share of these costs resulted from premature death (97.7 per cent) and lack of access (97.0 per cent) in contrast to lack of quality. Conclusion: For a comparatively non-complex emergency condition such as appendicitis, increasing access to care should be prioritized. Although improving quality of care should not be neglected, increasing provision of care at current standards could reduce societal costs substantially

Antiinflammatory Therapy with Canakinumab for Atherosclerotic Disease

Background: Experimental and clinical data suggest that reducing inflammation without affecting lipid levels may reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease. Yet, the inflammatory hypothesis of atherothrombosis has remained unproved. Methods: We conducted a randomized, double-blind trial of canakinumab, a therapeutic monoclonal antibody targeting interleukin-1β, involving 10,061 patients with previous myocardial infarction and a high-sensitivity C-reactive protein level of 2 mg or more per liter. The trial compared three doses of canakinumab (50 mg, 150 mg, and 300 mg, administered subcutaneously every 3 months) with placebo. The primary efficacy end point was nonfatal myocardial infarction, nonfatal stroke, or cardiovascular death. RESULTS: At 48 months, the median reduction from baseline in the high-sensitivity C-reactive protein level was 26 percentage points greater in the group that received the 50-mg dose of canakinumab, 37 percentage points greater in the 150-mg group, and 41 percentage points greater in the 300-mg group than in the placebo group. Canakinumab did not reduce lipid levels from baseline. At a median follow-up of 3.7 years, the incidence rate for the primary end point was 4.50 events per 100 person-years in the placebo group, 4.11 events per 100 person-years in the 50-mg group, 3.86 events per 100 person-years in the 150-mg group, and 3.90 events per 100 person-years in the 300-mg group. The hazard ratios as compared with placebo were as follows: in the 50-mg group, 0.93 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.80 to 1.07; P = 0.30); in the 150-mg group, 0.85 (95% CI, 0.74 to 0.98; P = 0.021); and in the 300-mg group, 0.86 (95% CI, 0.75 to 0.99; P = 0.031). The 150-mg dose, but not the other doses, met the prespecified multiplicity-adjusted threshold for statistical significance for the primary end point and the secondary end point that additionally included hospitalization for unstable angina that led to urgent revascularization (hazard ratio vs. placebo, 0.83; 95% CI, 0.73 to 0.95; P = 0.005). Canakinumab was associated with a higher incidence of fatal infection than was placebo. There was no significant difference in all-cause mortality (hazard ratio for all canakinumab doses vs. placebo, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.83 to 1.06; P = 0.31). Conclusions: Antiinflammatory therapy targeting the interleukin-1β innate immunity pathway with canakinumab at a dose of 150 mg every 3 months led to a significantly lower rate of recurrent cardiovascular events than placebo, independent of lipid-level lowering. (Funded by Novartis; CANTOS ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT01327846.