Nature's lessons in design: nanomachines to scaffold, remodel and shape membrane compartments.

Compartmentalisation of cellular processes is fundamental to regulation of metabolism in Eukaryotic organisms and is primarily provided by membrane-bound organelles. These organelles are dynamic structures whose membrane barriers are continually shaped, remodelled and scaffolded by a rich variety of highly sophisticated protein complexes. Towards the goal of bottom-up assembly of compartmentalised protocells in synthetic biology, we believe it will be important to harness and reconstitute the membrane shaping and sculpting characteristics of natural cells. We review different in vitro membrane models and how biophysical investigations of minimal systems combined with appropriate theoretical modelling have been used to gain new insights into the intricate mechanisms of these membrane nanomachines, paying particular attention to proteins involved in membrane fusion, fission and cytoskeletal scaffolding processes. We argue that minimal machineries need to be developed and optimised for employment in artificial protocell systems rather than the complex environs of a living organism. Thus, well-characterised minimal components might be predictably combined into functional, compartmentalised protocellular materials that can be engineered for wide-ranging applications

Impact of opioid-free analgesia on pain severity and patient satisfaction after discharge from surgery: multispecialty, prospective cohort study in 25 countries

Background: Balancing opioid stewardship and the need for adequate analgesia following discharge after surgery is challenging. This study aimed to compare the outcomes for patients discharged with opioid versus opioid-free analgesia after common surgical procedures.Methods: This international, multicentre, prospective cohort study collected data from patients undergoing common acute and elective general surgical, urological, gynaecological, and orthopaedic procedures. The primary outcomes were patient-reported time in severe pain measured on a numerical analogue scale from 0 to 100% and patient-reported satisfaction with pain relief during the first week following discharge. Data were collected by in-hospital chart review and patient telephone interview 1 week after discharge.Results: The study recruited 4273 patients from 144 centres in 25 countries; 1311 patients (30.7%) were prescribed opioid analgesia at discharge. Patients reported being in severe pain for 10 (i.q.r. 1-30)% of the first week after discharge and rated satisfaction with analgesia as 90 (i.q.r. 80-100) of 100. After adjustment for confounders, opioid analgesia on discharge was independently associated with increased pain severity (risk ratio 1.52, 95% c.i. 1.31 to 1.76; P < 0.001) and re-presentation to healthcare providers owing to side-effects of medication (OR 2.38, 95% c.i. 1.36 to 4.17; P = 0.004), but not with satisfaction with analgesia (beta coefficient 0.92, 95% c.i. -1.52 to 3.36; P = 0.468) compared with opioid-free analgesia. Although opioid prescribing varied greatly between high-income and low- and middle-income countries, patient-reported outcomes did not.Conclusion: Opioid analgesia prescription on surgical discharge is associated with a higher risk of re-presentation owing to side-effects of medication and increased patient-reported pain, but not with changes in patient-reported satisfaction. Opioid-free discharge analgesia should be adopted routinely

The pursuit of success

The phrase \u27knowledge is power\u27 may seem a bit cliche but, really, there couldn\u27t be a more true sentence. The most remarkable aspect in life is our ability to gather knowledge and learn, especially at a young age. However, a large part of the world do not have access to formal education; those living in poverty, in war, and in many other hardships, which forces them to live their whole lives in these conditions. But sometimes, just some times, a few of these people are given the opportunity to change that course of life- they are given the opportunity to get an education. When this does happen, these are when they greatest success stories occur, because out of all the people in the world; these are the ones that truly cherish knowledge and education. This audio feature tells the story of a Palestinian refugee named Ibrahim Nasir, my grandpa. The story is told through his own eyes, his daughter\u27s, and his granddaughter\u27s. It discusses the challenges, hardships, opportunities, and accomplishments he faced and how he used education to pull himself out of the life he was living and become one of the most successful doctors in the Middle East

Nouveaux oxydes de bismuth, vanadium et cuivre: syntheses, structures, proprietes

SIGLEAvailable from INIST (FR), Document Supply Service, under shelf-number : T 79810 / INIST-CNRS - Institut de l'Information Scientifique et TechniqueFRFranc

The pursuit of success

The phrase \u27knowledge is power\u27 may seem a bit cliche but, really, there couldn\u27t be a more true sentence. The most remarkable aspect in life is our ability to gather knowledge and learn, especially at a young age. However, a large part of the world do not have access to formal education; those living in poverty, in war, and in many other hardships, which forces them to live their whole lives in these conditions. But sometimes, just some times, a few of these people are given the opportunity to change that course of life- they are given the opportunity to get an education. When this does happen, these are when they greatest success stories occur, because out of all the people in the world; these are the ones that truly cherish knowledge and education. This audio feature tells the story of a Palestinian refugee named Ibrahim Nasir, my grandpa. The story is told through his own eyes, his daughter\u27s, and his granddaughter\u27s. It discusses the challenges, hardships, opportunities, and accomplishments he faced and how he used education to pull himself out of the life he was living and become one of the most successful doctors in the Middle East

DNA-controlled aggregation of virus likeparticles

Mimicking cellular processes by functional comparable structures helps to understand their molecular mechanism. We report on an oligonucleotide modified with two α-tocopherol anchors mimicking tetherin, a cellular protein reducing spreading of viruses. The lipophilic DNA was incorporated into vesicles and virus like particles; their aggregation was induced by the complement addition.Peer Reviewe

RETENTISSEMENT HEMODYNAMIQUE ET ECHOGRAPHIQUE DU PROPOFOL, APRES INDUCTION AU SUFENTANIL EN CHIRURGIE DE REPERFUSION CORONARIENNE (ETUDE HEMODYNAMIQUE ET ECHOCARDIOGRAPHIQUE CHEZ 8 PATIENTS)

LILLE2-BU Santé-Recherche (593502101) / SudocPARIS-BIUM (751062103) / SudocSudocFranceF