3,368 research outputs found
Statistical investigation of anomalies in the temperature record of Boston, Massachusetts.
Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Dept. of Meteorology. Thesis. 1965. M.S.M.S
Treatment of Liver Metastases in Patients with Neuroendocrine Tumors of Gastroesophageal and Pancreatic Origin
Well-to-moderately differentiated neuroendocrine tumors of gastroesophageal and pancreatic origin (GEP-NETs) with liver metastasis are a heterogeneous group of malignancies for which a range of therapeutic options have been employed. Surgical resection of hepatic metastases or hepatic artery embolization may be beneficial in patients with hepatic-predominant metastatic disease. Patients with âcarcinoidâ syndrome and syndromes associated with functional pancreatic NET (PNET) can be effectively treated with somatostatin analogs. On the other hand, the efficacy of systemic chemotherapy for these patients is limited. A placebo-controlled, double-blind, prospective, and randomized study showed that octreotide LAR improves progression-free survival in patients with advanced midgut functional âcarcinoids.â In patients with advanced pancreatic NET, randomized, placebo-controlled studies have recently demonstrated that treatment with the tyrosine kinase inhibitor sunitinib or with mTOR inhibitor everolimus is associated with improved progression-free survival. Based on these studies, octreotide LAR, sunitinib, or everolimus are now considered as first-line therapeutic options in patients with advanced NET. Future studies will likely further define the role of these agents in patients with carcinoid liver metastasis and pancreatic NET liver metastasis
Phonon Assisted Multimagnon Optical Absorption and Long Lived Two-Magnon States in Undoped Lamellar Copper Oxides
We calculate the effective charge for multimagnon infrared (IR) absorption
assisted by phonons in the parent insulating compounds of cuprate
superconductors and the spectra for two-magnon absorption using interacting
spin-wave theory. Recent measured bands in the mid IR [Perkins et al. Phys.
Rev. Lett. {\bf 71} 1621 (1993)] are interpreted as involving one phonon plus a
two-magnon virtual bound state, and one phonon plus higher multimagnon
absorption processes. The virtual bound state consists of a narrow resonance
occurring when the magnon pair has total momentum close to .Comment: 4 page
Content analysis: What are they talking about?
Quantitative content analysis is increasingly used to surpass surface level analyses in Computer-Supported Collaborative Learning (e.g., counting messages), but critical reflection on accepted practice has generally not been reported. A review of CSCL conference proceedings revealed a general vagueness in definitions of units of analysis. In general, arguments for choosing a unit were lacking and decisions made while developing the content analysis procedures were not made explicit. In this article, it will be illustrated that the currently accepted practices concerning the âunit of meaningâ are not generally applicable to quantitative content analysis of electronic communication. Such analysis is affected by âunit boundary overlapâ and contextual constraints having to do with the technology used. The analysis of e-mail communication required a different unit of analysis and segmentation procedure. This procedure proved to be reliable, and the subsequent coding of these units for quantitative analysis yielded satisfactory reliabilities. These findings have implications and recommendations for current content analysis practice in CSCL research
Can intrinsic alignments of elongated low-mass galaxies be used to map the cosmic web at high redshift?
Hubble Space Telescope observations show that low-mass
() galaxies at high redshift () tend to
be elongated (prolate) rather than disky (oblate) or spheroidal. This is
explained in zoom-in cosmological hydrodynamical simulations by the fact that
these galaxies are forming in cosmic web filaments where accretion happens
preferentially along the direction of elongation. We ask whether the elongated
morphology of these galaxies allows them to be used as effective tracers of
cosmic web filaments at high redshift via their intrinsic alignments. Using
mock lightcones and spectroscopically-confirmed galaxy pairs from the CANDELS
survey, we test two types of alignments: (1) between the galaxy major axis and
the direction to nearby galaxies of any mass, and (2) between the major axes of
nearby pairs of low-mass, likely prolate, galaxies. The mock lightcones predict
strong signals in 3D real space, 3D redshift space, and 2D projected redshift
space for both types of alignments (assuming prolate galaxy orientations are
the same as those of their host prolate halos), but we do not detect
significant alignment signals in CANDELS observations. However, we show that
spectroscopic redshifts have been obtained for only a small fraction of highly
elongated galaxies, and accounting for spectroscopic incompleteness and
redshift errors significantly degrades the 2D mock signal. This may partly
explain the alignment discrepancy and highlights one of several avenues for
future work.Comment: Re-submitted to MNRAS after minor revision
Cooling-rate effects in a model of (ideal?) glass
Using Monte Carlo simulations we study cooling-rate effects in a
three-dimensional Ising model with four-spin interaction. During coarsening,
this model develops growing energy barriers which at low temperature lead to
very slow dynamics. We show that the characteristic zero-temperature length
increases very slowly with the inverse cooling rate, similarly to the behaviour
of ordinary glasses. For computationally accessible cooling rates the model
undergoes an ideal glassy transition, i.e., the glassy transition for very
small cooling rate coincides a thermodynamic singularity. We also study cooling
of this model with a certain fraction of spins fixed. Due to such heterogeneous
crystalization seeds the final state strongly depends on the cooling rate.Only
for sufficiently fast cooling rate does the system end up in a glassy state
while slow cooling inevitably leads to a crystal phase.Comment: 11 pages, 6 figure
Combination of the W boson polarization measurements in top quark decays using ATLAS and CMS data at âs = 8 TeV
Pathways to âEvidence-Informedâ Policy and Practice: A Framework for Action
Bowen and Zwi propose a new framework that can help researchers and policy makers to navigate the use of evidence
Capture the fracture: a best practice framework and global campaign to break the fragility fracture cycle
Summary
The International Osteoporosis Foundation (IOF) Capture the Fracture Campaign aims to support implementation of Fracture Liaison Services (FLS) throughout the world.
Introduction
FLS have been shown to close the ubiquitous secondary fracture prevention care gap, ensuring that fragility fracture sufferers receive appropriate assessment and intervention to reduce future fracture risk.
Methods
Capture the Fracture has developed internationally endorsed standards for best practice, will facilitate change at the national level to drive adoption of FLS and increase awareness of the challenges and opportunities presented by secondary fracture prevention to key stakeholders. The Best Practice Framework (BPF) sets an international benchmark for FLS, which defines essential and aspirational elements of service delivery.
Results
The BPF has been reviewed by leading experts from many countries and subject to beta-testing to ensure that it is internationally relevant and fit-for-purpose. The BPF will also serve as a measurement tool for IOF to award âCapture the Fracture Best Practice Recognitionâ to celebrate successful FLS worldwide and drive service development in areas of unmet need. The Capture the Fracture website will provide a suite of resources related to FLS and secondary fracture prevention, which will be updated as new materials become available. A mentoring programme will enable those in the early stages of development of FLS to learn from colleagues elsewhere that have achieved Best Practice Recognition. A grant programme is in development to aid clinical systems which require financial assistance to establish FLS in their localities.
Conclusion
Nearly half a billion people will reach retirement age during the next 20Â years. IOF has developed Capture the Fracture because this is the single most important thing that can be done to directly improve patient care, of both women and men, and reduce the spiralling fracture-related care costs worldwide.</p
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