ЛИФТИНГОВАЯ ЛАПАРОСКОПИЯ В СИМУЛЬТАННОЙ ХИРУРГИИ

Проанализированы результаты лечения 84 пациентов, которым произведены симультанные оперативные вмешательства на органах брюшной полости, полости малого таза и забрюшинного пространства по поводу сочетанных соматических заболеваний. У 36 пациентов использована авторская технология лапаролифтинга, у 48 - классическая технология с наложением карбоксиперитонеума. Определены варианты оптимальных оперативных доступов, изучены структура и частота послеоперационных осложнений, особенности течения раннего послеоперационного периода. Установлены неоспоримые преимущества симультанных лифтинговых лапароскопических операций, в частности, уменьшение частоты и тяжести послеоперационных осложнений, интенсивности послеоперационного болевого синдрома, частоты обострений сопутствующих хронических заболеваний, продолжительности лечения больного в стационаре после операции

The place of lifting laparoscopic interventions in the surgical treatment of destructive forms of acute cholecystitis complicated with peritonitis

Вступ. Захворюваність на гострий холецистит в Україні, як і в цілому світі, за останні роки зросла і становить у середньому 6,27 на 10 тис. населення. Мета: покращити результати комплексного лікування пацієнтів, які страждають на деструктивні форми гострого холециститу, ускладнені перитонітом, шляхом застосування сучасних хірургічних малоінвазивних методів. Завдання: вивчити характер перебігу, результати лікування та дати оцінку безпосереднім і віддаленим результатам лікування хворих з деструктивними формами гострого калькульозного холециститу, ускладненими перитонітом, методом лапароскопічної холецистектомії та ліфтингової лапароскопічної холецистектомії. Методи: загальноклінічні, клініко-лабораторні, біохімічні, інструментальні, патоморфологічні, статистичні. Результати: застосування ліфтингової методики лапароскопічної холецистектомії дало змогу нівелювати негативний вплив напруженого карбоксиперитонеуму на організм пацієнта, уникнути критичних зрушень гемодинаміки під час операції, виключити розвиток післяопераційного плечолопаткового больового синдрому, розширюючи показання до виконання ендоскопічних операцій у пацієнтів з тяжкими супровідними захворюваннями. Висновки: при деструктивному холециститі, ускладненому локальним перитонітом, застосування розробленого методу ліфтингової лапароскопічної холецистектомії виявило достовірне зменшення інтра- та післяопераційних ускладнень порівняно з групою лапароскопічних холецистектомій — 5,1 та 1,7 % відповідно, при адекватному дренуванні черевної порожнини.Introduction. The incidence of acute cholecystitis in Ukraine, as well as worldwide, has increased in recent years and averages 6.27 per 10 thousand population. The use of laparoscopy for diagnostic purposes in patients of older age groups restrains many surgeons around the world due to the large number of negative effects of intense carboxyperitoneum. In the presence of contraindications to laparolifting cholecystectomy, ie contraindications to laparoscopic cholecystectomy, in previous works of the department it was proposed to use a new development of the department for patients with acute cholecystitis in patients of older age groups — LLСE. Objective: to improve the results of comprehensive treatment of patients suffering from destructive forms of acute cholecystitis complicated by peritonitis through the use of modern surgical minimally invasive methods. Methods: general clinical, clinical and laboratory, biochemical, instrumental, pathomorphological, statistical. Results: the use of lifting techniques of laparoscopic cholecystectomy allowed to eliminate the negative impact of intense carboxyperitoneum on patients, to avoid critical changes in hemodynamics during surgery, to exclude the development of postoperative shoulder-scapular pain, expanding the indications for endoscopic surgery. Conclusions: in destructive cholecystitis complicated by local peritonitis, the application of the developed method of lifting laparoscopic cholecystectomy revealed a significant reduction in intra- and postoperative complications compared with the group of laparoscopic cholecystectomies 5.1% and 1.7%, respectively, in the cavity

Факторы риска развития диспепсического синдрома при проведении противотуберкулезной химиотерапии у детей

The objective: to identify factors influencing the development of dyspepsia in children during treatment with anti-tuberculosis drugs.Results: out of 243 children during chemotherapy, 22.6% developed dyspepsia as an adverse reaction. Risk factors significantly associated with the development of dyspepsia were as follows: formula feeding at birth, comorbidities of the gastrointestinal tract, decreased total protein and elevated leukocyte counts by the admission to hospital, tuberculosis treatment as per regimens IV or V, and inclusion of protionamide or para-aminosalicylic acid to the regimen. Based on the method of logistic regression, the following has been developed: the method to predict the risk of developing dyspepsia during anti-tuberculosis chemotherapy in children with a sensitivity of 93%; the PC software to calculate such a risk.Цель исследования: выявление факторов, влияющих на развитие диспепсического синдрома у детей при лечении противотуберкулезными препаратами.Результаты: из 243 детей в процессе химиотерапии у 22,6% были зафиксированы нежелательные реакции в виде диспепсии. Факторами риска, значимо связанными с развитием диспепсии, были: искусственное вскармливание ребенка при рождении, сопутствующие заболевания желудочно-кишечного тракта, снижение уровня общего белка и повышение содержания лейкоцитов в крови на момент госпитализации, лечение туберкулеза по IV или V режиму химиотерапии, присутствие в схеме лечения протионамида или парааминосалициловой кислоты. На основе метода логистической регрессии разработаны: способ прогнозирования риска развития диспепсического синдрома при проведении противотуберкулезной химиотерапии у детей с чувствительностью 93%; программа для персонального компьютера для расчета такого риска

A synthesis dataset of permafrost-affected soil thermal conditions for Alaska, USA

Recent observations of near-surface soil temperatures over the circumpolar Arctic show accelerated warming of permafrost-affected soils. The availability of a comprehensive near-surface permafrost and active layer dataset is critical to better understanding climate impacts and to constraining permafrost thermal conditions and its spatial distribution in land system models. We compiled a soil temperature dataset from 72 monitoring stations in Alaska using data collected by the U.S. Geological Survey, the National Park Service, and the University of Alaska Fairbanks permafrost monitoring networks. The array of monitoring stations spans a large range of latitudes from 60.9 to 71.3°&thinsp;N and elevations from near sea level to  ∼ 1300&thinsp;m, comprising tundra and boreal forest regions. This dataset consists of monthly ground temperatures at depths up to 1&thinsp;m, volumetric soil water content, snow depth, and air temperature during 1997–2016. These data have been quality controlled in collection and processing. Meanwhile, we implemented data harmonization evaluation for the processed dataset. The final product (PF-AK, v0.1) is available at the Arctic Data Center (https://doi.org/10.18739/A2KG55).</p

Lifting laparoscopy in simultant surgery

Проанализированы результаты лечения 84 пациентов, которым произведены симультанные оперативные вмешательства на органах брюшной полости, полости малого таза и забрюшинного пространства по поводу сочетанных соматических заболеваний. У 36 пациентов использована авторская технология лапаролифтинга, у 48 – классическая технология с наложением карбоксиперитонеума. Определены варианты оптимальных оперативных доступов, изучены структура и частота послеоперационных осложнений, особенности течения раннего послеоперационного периода. Установлены неоспоримые преимущества симультанных лифтинговых лапароскопических операций, в частности, уменьшение частоты и тяжести послеоперационных осложнений, интенсивности послеоперационного болевого синдрома, частоты обострений сопутствующих хронических заболеваний, продолжительности лечения больного в стационаре после операции.Results of treatment of 84 patients, to whom simultant operative interventions on abdominal, the small pelvis and retroperitoneal organs were performed for concomitant somatic diseases, were analyzed. The author's technology of laparolifting was applied in 36 patients, and classical technology with carboxyperitoneum adjustment – in 48. Variants of optimal operative accesses were determined, structure and rate of postoperative complications, peculiarities of the early postoperative period course studied. Indisputable advantages of the lifting laparoscopic operations were established, including reduction of the postoperative complications rate and severity, the postoperative pain syndrome intensity, the concurrent chronic diseases exacerbation rate, and postoperative stationary stay

The state of the Martian climate

60°N was +2.0°C, relative to the 1981–2010 average value (Fig. 5.1). This marks a new high for the record. The average annual surface air temperature (SAT) anomaly for 2016 for land stations north of starting in 1900, and is a significant increase over the previous highest value of +1.2°C, which was observed in 2007, 2011, and 2015. Average global annual temperatures also showed record values in 2015 and 2016. Currently, the Arctic is warming at more than twice the rate of lower latitudes

State of the climate in 2013

In 2013, the vast majority of the monitored climate variables reported here maintained trends established in recent decades. ENSO was in a neutral state during the entire year, remaining mostly on the cool side of neutral with modest impacts on regional weather patterns around the world. This follows several years dominated by the effects of either La Niña or El Niño events. According to several independent analyses, 2013 was again among the 10 warmest years on record at the global scale, both at the Earths surface and through the troposphere. Some regions in the Southern Hemisphere had record or near-record high temperatures for the year. Australia observed its hottest year on record, while Argentina and New Zealand reported their second and third hottest years, respectively. In Antarctica, Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station reported its highest annual temperature since records began in 1957. At the opposite pole, the Arctic observed its seventh warmest year since records began in the early 20th century. At 20-m depth, record high temperatures were measured at some permafrost stations on the North Slope of Alaska and in the Brooks Range. In the Northern Hemisphere extratropics, anomalous meridional atmospheric circulation occurred throughout much of the year, leading to marked regional extremes of both temperature and precipitation. Cold temperature anomalies during winter across Eurasia were followed by warm spring temperature anomalies, which were linked to a new record low Eurasian snow cover extent in May. Minimum sea ice extent in the Arctic was the sixth lowest since satellite observations began in 1979. Including 2013, all seven lowest extents on record have occurred in the past seven years. Antarctica, on the other hand, had above-average sea ice extent throughout 2013, with 116 days of new daily high extent records, including a new daily maximum sea ice area of 19.57 million km2 reached on 1 October. ENSO-neutral conditions in the eastern central Pacific Ocean and a negative Pacific decadal oscillation pattern in the North Pacific had the largest impacts on the global sea surface temperature in 2013. The North Pacific reached a historic high temperature in 2013 and on balance the globally-averaged sea surface temperature was among the 10 highest on record. Overall, the salt content in nearsurface ocean waters increased while in intermediate waters it decreased. Global mean sea level continued to rise during 2013, on pace with a trend of 3.2 mm yr-1 over the past two decades. A portion of this trend (0.5 mm yr-1) has been attributed to natural variability associated with the Pacific decadal oscillation as well as to ongoing contributions from the melting of glaciers and ice sheets and ocean warming. Global tropical cyclone frequency during 2013 was slightly above average with a total of 94 storms, although the North Atlantic Basin had its quietest hurricane season since 1994. In the Western North Pacific Basin, Super Typhoon Haiyan, the deadliest tropical cyclone of 2013, had 1-minute sustained winds estimated to be 170 kt (87.5 m s-1) on 7 November, the highest wind speed ever assigned to a tropical cyclone. High storm surge was also associated with Haiyan as it made landfall over the central Philippines, an area where sea level is currently at historic highs, increasing by 200 mm since 1970. In the atmosphere, carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide all continued to increase in 2013. As in previous years, each of these major greenhouse gases once again reached historic high concentrations. In the Arctic, carbon dioxide and methane increased at the same rate as the global increase. These increases are likely due to export from lower latitudes rather than a consequence of increases in Arctic sources, such as thawing permafrost. At Mauna Loa, Hawaii, for the first time since measurements began in 1958, the daily average mixing ratio of carbon dioxide exceeded 400 ppm on 9 May. The state of these variables, along with dozens of others, and the 2013 climate conditions of regions around the world are discussed in further detail in this 24th edition of the State of the Climate series. © 2014, American Meteorological Society. All rights reserved