10 research outputs found
Two new Myxobolus spp. (Myxozoa: Myxobolidae) from white bream, Blicca bjoerkna (Linnaeus, 1758) developing in basifilamental location of gills
Two new
Myxobolus
species,
M. bjoerknae
sp. n. and
M. lamellobasis
sp. n. have been described from the gills of white bream,
Blicca bjoerkna
. Plasmodia of
M. bjoerknae
sp. n. developed in the connective tissue inside the cartilaginous gill arch, while plasmodia of
M. lamellobasis
sp. n. seem to start their development in the multilayered epithelium between two lamellae close to the base of gill fila
-
ments. Then they may bulge out of the interlamellar space fused to a large bulk locating at the base of filaments. The large, ellipsoidal spores
of
M.
bjoerknae
sp. n. 17.4 × 13.1 μm in size, resembled the spores of other species developing in the gill arch
(e.g.
M. fundamentalis
,
M.
gayerae
, and
M. pfeifferi
), but differed from them in its 18S rDNA sequence. Roundish spores of
M. lamellobasis
sp. n. with a size of
11.1 × 8.6 μm resembled the spores of
M. impressus
developing interlamellarly and the spores of
M. rotundus
,
M. parviformis
, and
M. muel
lericus
having intralamellar localization. However, the detected genetic difference clearly distinguished it from the other species developing
in similar tissue location. The phylogenetic location of the two newly described species seems to correlate both with spore shape and fish
host species
Mortality and pulmonary complications in patients undergoing surgery with perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection: an international cohort study
Background: The impact of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) on postoperative recovery needs to be understood to inform clinical decision making during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. This study reports 30-day mortality and pulmonary complication rates in patients with perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection. Methods: This international, multicentre, cohort study at 235 hospitals in 24 countries included all patients undergoing surgery who had SARS-CoV-2 infection confirmed within 7 days before or 30 days after surgery. The primary outcome measure was 30-day postoperative mortality and was assessed in all enrolled patients. The main secondary outcome measure was pulmonary complications, defined as pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, or unexpected postoperative ventilation. Findings: This analysis includes 1128 patients who had surgery between Jan 1 and March 31, 2020, of whom 835 (74·0%) had emergency surgery and 280 (24·8%) had elective surgery. SARS-CoV-2 infection was confirmed preoperatively in 294 (26·1%) patients. 30-day mortality was 23·8% (268 of 1128). Pulmonary complications occurred in 577 (51·2%) of 1128 patients; 30-day mortality in these patients was 38·0% (219 of 577), accounting for 81·7% (219 of 268) of all deaths. In adjusted analyses, 30-day mortality was associated with male sex (odds ratio 1·75 [95% CI 1·28–2·40], p\textless0·0001), age 70 years or older versus younger than 70 years (2·30 [1·65–3·22], p\textless0·0001), American Society of Anesthesiologists grades 3–5 versus grades 1–2 (2·35 [1·57–3·53], p\textless0·0001), malignant versus benign or obstetric diagnosis (1·55 [1·01–2·39], p=0·046), emergency versus elective surgery (1·67 [1·06–2·63], p=0·026), and major versus minor surgery (1·52 [1·01–2·31], p=0·047). Interpretation: Postoperative pulmonary complications occur in half of patients with perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection and are associated with high mortality. Thresholds for surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic should be higher than during normal practice, particularly in men aged 70 years and older. Consideration should be given for postponing non-urgent procedures and promoting non-operative treatment to delay or avoid the need for surgery. Funding: National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), Association of Coloproctology of Great Britain and Ireland, Bowel and Cancer Research, Bowel Disease Research Foundation, Association of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgeons, British Association of Surgical Oncology, British Gynaecological Cancer Society, European Society of Coloproctology, NIHR Academy, Sarcoma UK, Vascular Society for Great Britain and Ireland, and Yorkshire Cancer Research