26 research outputs found

    Mejoramiento del nivel de servicio empleando el método HCM en la avenida Aeropuerto, Pucallpa, 2020

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    El presente trabajo de investigación titulado “Mejoramiento del nivel de servicio empleando el método HCM en la avenida Aeropuerto, Pucallpa, 2020” planteó como problemática general: ¿De qué manera el método HCM mejora el nivel de servicio de la avenida Aeropuerto, Pucallpa, 2020? Por tal motivo, se propuso como objetivo general: Determinar de qué manera el método HCM mejora el nivel de servicio de la avenida Aeropuerto, Pucallpa, 2020. Como metodología empleada en este estudio, el presente estudio comprende un tipo de investigación aplicada, con enfoque cuantitativo, diseño no experimental del tipo transversal y nivel descriptivo. Asimismo, para la investigación se realizó un muestreo de tipo no probabilístico por conveniencia, pues para la muestra se consideró el tramo pavimentado de la Av. Aeropuerto comprendida entre el Km 00+405 - km 01+00, teniendo como instrumentos la ficha de investigación, formato de conteo vehicular y el software Synchro 10. La investigación tuvo como una de las conclusiones que el método HCM si influye en el mejoramiento de las características geométricas de la Av. Aeropuerto, de esta manera se propuso ampliar la calzada a 8.00 m, cada calzada fue divida en 2 carriles para cada sentido, el aumento de berma de 1.50 m, la pendiente de bombeo mínimo de 2%, la implementación de señales horizontales que identifiquen a los carriles y la berma, la implementación de señales verticales que informen sobre la velocidad máxima de 50 km/h

    The genetic architecture of the human cerebral cortex

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    The cerebral cortex underlies our complex cognitive capabilities, yet little is known about the specific genetic loci that influence human cortical structure. To identify genetic variants that affect cortical structure, we conducted a genome-wide association meta-analysis of brain magnetic resonance imaging data from 51,665 individuals. We analyzed the surface area and average thickness of the whole cortex and 34 regions with known functional specializations. We identified 199 significant loci and found significant enrichment for loci influencing total surface area within regulatory elements that are active during prenatal cortical development, supporting the radial unit hypothesis. Loci that affect regional surface area cluster near genes in Wnt signaling pathways, which influence progenitor expansion and areal identity. Variation in cortical structure is genetically correlated with cognitive function, Parkinson's disease, insomnia, depression, neuroticism, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

    Analysis of the effect of the variation of the resistance parameters due to confinement in high-rise rock formations- Palo Redondo Reservoir- Chavimochic

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    Esta investigación consiste en dar a conocer los efectos de la variación de los parámetros de los materiales que existen en las presas debido al esfuerzo de confinamiento entre sus partículas que la componen. Para ello, en primer lugar, se describió la realidad problemática, los antecedentes y generalidades previos acerca del tema para determinar la presa a utilizar, que fue la de Palo Redondo, Chavimochic. En segundo lugar, en el marco teórico se expuso un conjunto de conceptos fundamentales necesarios para entender los tipos de presas que existen, los parámetros de resistencia de los materiales, análisis de estabilidad de taludes y el uso de herramientas computacionales como el SLIDE y el PLAXIS. En tercer lugar, se trabajó con dos métodos de trabajo (ángulo de fricción constante y ángulo de fricción variable), considerando la misma geometría y los valores del anteproyecto de la presa Palo Redondo y además, se usó un gráfico de relación de esfuerzo y ángulo de fricción considerando los materiales usados en la presa a estudiar, para calcular el factor de seguridad con el software SLIDE. Asimismo, para el uso del software PLAXIS se consideró subdivisiones en franjas de cada 10 metros respecto a la cara de la presa, para tratar de representar el proceso de construcción de la misma, ya que este programa trabaja con elementos finitos y así lograr calcular los esfuerzos y deformaciones de la presa. Finalmente, se realizó un análisis comparativo entre los resultados obtenidos de los dos métodos usados.This research is about making known the effects of the variation of the parameters of the materials that exist in the dams due to the effort of confinement between their particles. To do this, in the first place, the problematic reality, the background and previous generalities about the subject to determine the dam to be used, which was that of Palo Redondo, Chavimochic, are described. Second, the theoretical framework presented a set of fundamental concepts necessary to understand the types of dams that exist, the parameters of resistance of materials, slope stability analysis and the use of computational tools such as SLIDE and PLAXIS. Third, select with two working methods (constant friction angle and variable friction angle), create the same geometry and the values ​​of the draft the Palo Redondo dam and use an abacus of the same document, to calculate the safety factor with the SLIDE software. Also, for the use of the PLAXIS software, subdivisions in strips of every 10 meters with the face of the dam are considered, to try to represent the construction process of the dam, since this program works with finite elements and the efforts are calculated and deformations of the dam. Finally, a comparative analysis was performed between the results obtained from the two methods used.Tesi

    The role of self-disclosure in the relationship between Facebook usage and loneliness

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    The study aims to find if Facebook usage significantly predicts loneliness among college students in the Philippines and if self-disclosure plays a role in the relationship between Facebook usage and loneliness. The study consisted of 180 college level students in the Metro Manila. The data analysis has shown that Facebook usage does not predict loneliness among college students and self-disclosure does not have an effect on the relationship between Facebook usage and loneliness. However, the study has found that self-disclosure has a significant correlation with loneliness

    Binding and Energetics of Electron Transfer between an Artificial Four-Helix Mn-Protein and Reaction Centers from <i>Rhodobacter sphaeroides</i>

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    The ability of an artificial four-helix bundle Mn-protein, P1, to bind and transfer an electron to photosynthetic reaction centers from the purple bacterium <i>Rhodobacter sphaeroides</i> was characterized using optical spectroscopy. Upon illumination of reaction centers, an electron is transferred from P, the bacteriochlorophyll dimer, to Q<sub>A</sub>, the primary electron acceptor. The P1 Mn-protein can bind to the reaction center and reduce the oxidized bacteriochlorophyll dimer, P<sup>+</sup>, with a dissociation constant of 1.2 μM at pH 9.4, comparable to the binding constant of <i>c</i>-type cytochromes. Amino acid substitutions of surface residues on the Mn-protein resulted in increases in the dissociation constant to 8.3 μM. The extent of reduction of P<sup>+</sup> by the P1 Mn-protein was dependent on the P/P<sup>+</sup> midpoint potential and the pH. Analysis of the free energy difference yielded a midpoint potential of approximately 635 mV at pH 9.4 for the Mn cofactor of the P1 Mn-protein, a value similar to those found for other Mn cofactors in proteins. The linear dependence of −56 mV/pH is consistent with one proton being released upon Mn oxidation, allowing the complex to maintain overall charge neutrality. These outcomes demonstrate the feasibility of designing four-helix bundles and other artificial metalloproteins to bind and transfer electrons to bacterial reaction centers and establish the usefulness of this system as a platform for designing sites to bind novel metal cofactors capable of performing complex oxidation–reduction reactions

    Design of dinuclear manganese cofactors for bacterial reaction centers

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    A compelling target for the design of electron transfer proteins with novel cofactors is to create a model for the oxygen-evolving complex, a MnCa cluster, of photosystem II. A mononuclear Mn cofactor can be added to the bacterial reaction center, but the addition of multiple metal centers is constrained by the native protein architecture. Alternatively, metal centers can be incorporated into artificial proteins. Designs for the addition of dinuclear metal centers to four-helix bundles resulted in three artificial proteins with ligands for one, two, or three dinuclear metal centers able to bind Mn. The three-dimensional structure determined by X-ray crystallography of one of the Mn-proteins confirmed the design features and revealed details concerning coordination of the Mn center. Electron transfer between these artificial Mn-proteins and bacterial reaction centers was investigated using optical spectroscopy. After formation of a light-induced, charge-separated state, the experiments showed that the Mn-proteins can donate an electron to the oxidized bacteriochlorophyll dimer of modified reaction centers, with the Mn-proteins having additional metal centers being more effective at this electron transfer reaction. Modeling of the structure of the Mn-protein docked to the reaction center showed that the artificial protein likely binds on the periplasmic surface similarly to cytochrome c, the natural secondary donor. Combining reaction centers with exogenous artificial proteins provides the opportunity to create ligands and investigate the influence of inhomogeneous protein environments on multinuclear redox-active metal centers. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled Biodesign for Bioenergetics - the design and engineering of electronic transfer cofactors, proteins and protein networks, edited by Ronald L. Koder and J.L. Ross Anderson

    Biochemical and spectroscopic characterization of dinuclear Mn-sites in artificial four-helix bundle proteins

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    To better understand metalloproteins with Mn-clusters, we have designed artificial four-helix bundles to have one, two, or three dinuclear metal centers able to bind Mn(II). Circular dichroism measurements showed that the Mn-proteins have substantial α-helix content, and analysis of electron paramagnetic resonance spectra is consistent with the designed number of bound Mn-clusters. The Mn-proteins were shown to catalyze the conversion of hydrogen peroxide into molecular oxygen. The loss of hydrogen peroxide was dependent upon the concentration of protein with bound Mn, with the proteins containing multiple Mn-clusters showing greater activity. Using an oxygen sensor, the oxygen concentration was found to increase with a rate up to 0.4 μM/min, which was dependent upon the concentrations of hydrogen peroxide and the Mn-protein. In addition, the Mn-proteins were shown to serve as electron donors to bacterial reaction centers using optical spectroscopy. Similar binding of the Mn-proteins to reaction centers was observed with an average dissociation constant of 2.3 μM. The Mn-proteins with three metal centers were more effective at this electron transfer reaction than the Mn-proteins with one or two metal centers. Thus, multiple Mn-clusters can be incorporated into four-helix bundles with the capability of performing catalysis and electron transfer to a natural protein

    Thani, un bocadillo hecho a base de granos andinos que contribuirá a mejorar la salud

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    En el presente trabajo se ha identificado un problema social que viene generando graves daños a la salud de las personas de las diferentes clases sociales, y aún más se ha incrementado con el aislamiento social obligatorio decretado por el gobierno peruano a causa de la pandemia de la Covid-19. Al consumir alimentos no saludables se genera enfermedades como la diabetes, hipertensión, entre otros. A raíz de este problema se ha identificado una solución que ayuda a mejorar la calidad de vida de cada persona al potenciar su sistema inmunológico, óseo y sistema nervioso. La solución se llama Thani, un bocadillo natural elaborado de granos andinos (Quinua, Kiwicha y Cañihua) y una planta medicinal llamada moringa. En el diseño de la solución se han validado diversas hipótesis relacionadas a la deseabilidad con el consumidor quien ha podido degustar el bocadillo e indicado que estaría dispuesto a pagar por un producto de calidad y de costo accesible. Se logró también validar que el consumidor le gusta el sabor, el diseño y el contenido nutricional del bocadillo Thani pues han manifestado su agrado a través de su interacción con el producto. Finalmente, se concluye que Thani es una idea de negocio viable tanto económica como socialmente pues genera un impacto positivo en el consumidor final al mejorar su alimentación y ser una alternativa para combatir la Covid-19, al mejorar su sistema inmunológico. Cabe señalar que está alineado con las ODS #3, #8 y #12. Su CAPEX es de 116,391ygeneraunVANde116,391 y genera un VAN de 2.78 millones y un TIR de 70.45%. Además, representa un VAN Social de 23.18 millones lo cual sustenta que la idea de negocio es sostenible y responsable tanto para la sociedad como para el medio ambiente.In the present work, a social problem has been identified that has been generating serious damage to the health of people from different social classes, and it has increased even more with the mandatory social isolation decreed by the Peruvian government due to the pandemic of the Covid-19. By consuming unhealthy food, diseases such as diabetes, hypertension, among others, are generated. As a result of this problem, a solution has been identified that helps improve the quality of life of each person by enhancing their immune, bone and nervous system. The solution is called Thani, a natural sandwich made from Andean grains (Quinoa, Kiwicha and Cañihua) and a medicinal plant called moringa. In the design of the solution, various hypotheses related to desirability have been validated with the consumer who has been able to taste the sandwich and indicated that they would be willing to pay for a quality product at an affordable cost. It was also possible to validate that the consumer likes the flavor, the design and the nutritional content of the Thani sandwich, as they have expressed their satisfaction through their interaction with the product. Finally, it is concluded that Thani is a viable business idea both economically and socially since it generates a positive impact on the final consumer by improving their diet and being an alternative to combat Covid-19, by improving their immune system. It should be noted that it is aligned with SDG # 3, # 8 and # 12. Its CAPEX is 116,391 and generates a NPV of 2.78millionandanIRRof70.45 2.78 million and an IRR of 70.45%. In addition, it represents a Social NPV of 23.18 million, which supports that the business idea is sustainable and responsible for both society and the environment
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