COMPORTEMENT " SÉCURITAIRE " DES UTILISATEURS DE SYSTÈMES : OBSERVATIONS EMPIRIQUES

International audienceDes données fournies par 109 utilisateurs de systèmes informatiques ont permis de mesurer leur attitude à l'égard d'un comportement " sécuritaire " et d'analyser l'influence de diverses variables organisationnelles et individuelles, issues d'un modèle proposé antérieurement. Les résultats des analyses indiquent que ce modèle a une valeur potentielle puisque la connaissance des variables indépendantes permet de reconstituer une partie de l'information contenue dans la variable dépendante. Ces résultats suggèrent toutefois certaines modifications mineures avant que les relations ne soient soumises à des tests d'hypothèse

COMPORTEMENT " SÉCURITAIRE " DES UTILISATEURS DE SYSTÈMES : OBSERVATIONS EMPIRIQUES

Des données fournies par 109 utilisateurs de systèmes informatiques ont permis de mesurer leur attitude à l'égard d'un comportement " sécuritaire " et d'analyser l'influence de diverses variables organisationnelles et individuelles, issues d'un modèle proposé antérieurement. Les résultats des analyses indiquent que ce modèle a une valeur potentielle puisque la connaissance des variables indépendantes permet de reconstituer une partie de l'information contenue dans la variable dépendante. Ces résultats suggèrent toutefois certaines modifications mineures avant que les relations ne soient soumises à des tests d'hypothèse.Système d'information; sécurité; comportement " sécuritaire "; attitude

Expert judgement methodology for failure anticipation in nuclear power plants

Risk analysis is a tool for investigating and reducing incertainty related to outcomes of future activities. We are interested here in failure anticipation in nuclear power plant. This involves very specific systems with little or no existing historical failures. In such cases, both engineering judgement and historical data are used to quantify uncertainty related to the predictions, like probabilities and failure rates. This paper is focussed on this aspect. The purpose is to provide an expert judgment elicitation methodology for anticipating the failures of a component, up to the end of its design life cycle period, including eventually an extension period

Molecular characterization of dengue virus serotype 1 infections in French travelers from Africa between 2013 and 2019

Laboratory-confirmed dengue virus (DENV) infections in Africa are rarely reported. In this study, we report 18 DENV serotype 1 (DENV-1) infections, diagnosed by the French National Reference Center for Arboviruses, in patients who had histories of recent travel in Africa. Our analyses revealed two cases, one from Niger in 2018 and one from the Republic of the Congo in 2016, where dengue fever had not been previously reported, and one case from Mauritania in 2015, where DENV-1 had not been previously reported. These cases support the reported spread of DENV outside its well-established tropical and subtropical environment toward the arid deserts of the Sahel. Phylogenetic analyses suggest that a single monophyletic DENV-1 lineage is currently in circulation in West Africa, having spread from East Africa after its original importation from Asia. Our study provides an improved understanding of DENV dynamics in Africa and underlines the importance of surveillance of travel-acquired infections

Global data on earthworm abundance, biomass, diversity and corresponding environmental properties

Publisher Copyright: © 2021, The Author(s).Earthworms are an important soil taxon as ecosystem engineers, providing a variety of crucial ecosystem functions and services. Little is known about their diversity and distribution at large spatial scales, despite the availability of considerable amounts of local-scale data. Earthworm diversity data, obtained from the primary literature or provided directly by authors, were collated with information on site locations, including coordinates, habitat cover, and soil properties. Datasets were required, at a minimum, to include abundance or biomass of earthworms at a site. Where possible, site-level species lists were included, as well as the abundance and biomass of individual species and ecological groups. This global dataset contains 10,840 sites, with 184 species, from 60 countries and all continents except Antarctica. The data were obtained from 182 published articles, published between 1973 and 2017, and 17 unpublished datasets. Amalgamating data into a single global database will assist researchers in investigating and answering a wide variety of pressing questions, for example, jointly assessing aboveground and belowground biodiversity distributions and drivers of biodiversity change.Peer reviewe

Global data on earthworm abundance, biomass, diversity and corresponding environmental properties

Earthworms are an important soil taxon as ecosystem engineers, providing a variety of crucial ecosystem functions and services. Little is known about their diversity and distribution at large spatial scales, despite the availability of considerable amounts of local-scale data. Earthworm diversity data, obtained from the primary literature or provided directly by authors, were collated with information on site locations, including coordinates, habitat cover, and soil properties. Datasets were required, at a minimum, to include abundance or biomass of earthworms at a site. Where possible, site-level species lists were included, as well as the abundance and biomass of individual species and ecological groups. This global dataset contains 10,840 sites, with 184 species, from 60 countries and all continents except Antarctica. The data were obtained from 182 published articles, published between 1973 and 2017, and 17 unpublished datasets. Amalgamating data into a single global database will assist researchers in investigating and answering a wide variety of pressing questions, for example, jointly assessing aboveground and belowground biodiversity distributions and drivers of biodiversity change

Penser avec Jankélévitch. Une âme résistante.

International audienceL'ouvrage réunit diverses contributions sur la vertu, la mort, le charme, autant d'entrées pour conduire le lecteur vers la pensée jankélévitchienne. Des Résistances en Europe aux Révolutions dans le monde, comment comprendre ce qu'est le courage et la justice sinon par la réflexion morale ? Un vocabulaire fournit les " mots de passe "

Penser avec Jankélévitch. Une âme résistante.

International audienceL'ouvrage réunit diverses contributions sur la vertu, la mort, le charme, autant d'entrées pour conduire le lecteur vers la pensée jankélévitchienne. Des Résistances en Europe aux Révolutions dans le monde, comment comprendre ce qu'est le courage et la justice sinon par la réflexion morale ? Un vocabulaire fournit les " mots de passe "

State of the art on expert judgement methodologies and their use on failure anticipation

In many industrial fields and specially in the nuclear industry, risk management is crucial to ensuring plant and personnel safety. In this context, anticipation has an important role in risk prevention, definition of solutions and decision making orientation aimed at optimising plant maintenance programs and fifetime management. In this paper, we focus on failure anticipation. Expert jugement is essential to complete the data feedback and to, identify potential failures. Expert opinion has been automatically used in many fields including aerospace programs, military intelligence and nuclear energy. This paper presents some expert judgement methodologies useful in failure anticipation

Anticipating aging failure using feedback data and expert judgment

International audienceThis paper presents a methodology for anticipating failures in a component up to the end of its life cycle. Often, feedback data is not sufficient and must be complemented by the analysis of expert judgment. The methodology developed aims at anticipating the degradation mechanisms responsible for aging, and evaluating their relevance and related uncertainties. This is necessary information for risk analysis related to the operating of a component up to the end of its life cycle. Lastly, the methodology is applied to a nuclear component