Sementa sullo strato stoinale, un nuovo metodo della biologia tecnica per un presto inverdire dei pendii smottati

Es ist die Aufgabe der Ingenieurbiologie, natürliche oder künstliche kahle Rutschhänge wieder mit einer Pflanzendecke zu besiedeln. Zu diesem Zweck stehen drei Gruppen von Arbeitsmethoden zur Verfügung, von denen im Vortrag nur die Saat auf Strohdeckschicht näher behandelt wird. Es werden die Vorteile dieses Verfahrens hervorgehoben und anhand von vorgeführten Lichtbildern die erzielten Erfolge überzeugend erklärt. Diese z. T. mechanisierte Methode ist den natürlichen Gegebenheiten gut anpassbar und empfiehlt sich auch bezüglich des verhältnismässig niedrigen Kostenaufwandes.Inženjerska biologija je posebna biotehnička grana, a njen je zadatak da prirodne ili umjetne gole padine duž putova, bujica i drugdje brzo naseljava biljnim pokrovom, kako bi se time spriječila erozija i odronjavanje zemlje što ugrožava prometne naprave, zgrade, kulture i dr. Postoji više metoda za postizavanje te svrhe, ali se autor zadržao samo na metodi sijanja sjemena u zaštitni sloj od slame. Pomoću dijapozitiva autor je predočio dobre strane toga načina utvrđivanja golih padina i uvjerljivo dokazao uspjeh te metode, koja se može donekle i mehanizirati, a preporučuje se i zbog srazmjemo niskih troškovaSi dimostra che si é riuscito tramite semina su copertura di paglia a ricoprire con un sistema di rapida riuscita e parzialmente meccanizzato, a creare su pendii senza humus e nel periodo d’un único periodo vegetativo una copertura vegetale chiusa in sedi di frane su torrenti, linee ferroviarie, impianti elcttrici ed industriali

Potentielle Weiden (Salix) Karten als Entscheidungsbasis für Ingenieurbiologische Arbeiten

Für natumahe Bauarbeiten in der Landschaft sind die Methoden der Ingenieurbiologie vorrangig. Bei zwei Gruppen dieser ingenieurbiologischen Bauweisen, nämlich den »Stabilbauweisen« und den »kombinierten Bauweisen« verwendet man vorwiegend Äste und Steckhölzer ausschlagfähiger Weiden (Salix). Daher ist die Kenntnis der etwa 30 europaeischen Weidenarten für die praktische Ingenieurbioiogie sehr wichtig. Neben der Artenkenntnis ist auch deren geographische und Höhenverbreitung zur Wahl der geeignetsten Arten von großer Bedeutung. Mancher Ingenieurbiologie wird sich verständlicherweise bei der Auswahl der richtigen Weidenarten für sein Verbauungsprojekt überfordert fühlen. Aus diesem Grunde wird im folgenden Beitrag erstmals versucht, auf Grund jahrelanger vegetationskartographischer Vorarbeit Arbeitskarten zu entwerfen, aus denen abgelesen werden kann, welche Weidenarten am betreffenden Ort geeignet sind. Drei Kartenausschnitte aus verschiedenen Bereichen der Alpen werden als Beispiele vorgestellt

Soil and water bioengineering: practice and research needs for reconciling natural hazard control and ecological restoration

Soil and water bioengineering is a technology that encourages scientists and practitioners to combine their knowledge and skills in the management of ecosystems with a common goal to maximize benefits to both man and the natural environment. It involves techniques that use plants as living building materials, for: (i) natural hazard control (e.g., soil erosion, torrential floods and landslides) and (ii) ecological restoration or nature-based re-introduction of species on degraded lands, river embankments, and disturbed environments. For a bioengineering project to be successful, engineers are required to highlight all the potential benefits and ecosystem services by documenting the technical, ecological, economic and social values. The novel approaches used by bioengineers raise questions for researchers and necessitate innovation from practitioners to design bioengineering concepts and techniques. Our objective in this paper, therefore, is to highlight the practice and research needs in soil and water bioengineering for reconciling natural hazard control and ecological restoration. Firstly, we review the definition and development of bioengineering technology, while stressing issues concerning the design, implementation, and monitoring of bioengineering actions. Secondly, we highlight the need to reconcile natural hazard control and ecological restoration by posing novel practice and research questions

The Brookside Farm Wetland Ecosystem Treatment (WET) System: A Low-Energy Methodology for Sewage Purification, Biomass Production (Yield), Flood Resilience and Biodiversity Enhancement

Wastewater from domestic developments, farms and agro-industrial processing can be sources of pollution in the environment; current wastewater management methods are usually machine-based, and thus energy consuming. When Permaculture Principles are used in the creation of water purification and harvesting systems, there can be multiple environmental and economic benefits. In the context of energy descent, it may be considered desirable to treat wastewater using minimal energy. The constructed wetland design presented here is a low-entropy system in which wastewater is harvested and transformed into lush and productive wetland, eliminating the requirement for non-renewable energy in water purification, and also maximising benefits: biodiversity, flood resilience and yield. In permaculture design, the high concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorous compounds in sewage are viewed as valuable nutrients, resources to be harvested by a constructed wetland ecosystem and converted into useful yield. Similarly, rainwater runoff is not viewed as a problem which can cause flooding, but as a potential resource to be harvested to provide a yield. This paper presents a case study, with both water quality and productivity data, from Brookside Farm UK, where the use of Permaculture Design Principles has created a combined wastewater management and purification system, accepting all site water