Die Geschwindigkeitsverteilung an der ebenen Platte im Gitterverband

The velocity distribution on the flat plate in cascades is calculated by means of conformal mapping for values of the solidity t/l = 0,5; 0,75; 1,0 and 1,5 and of angles of stagger [lambda] = 0°, 30°, 45°, and 60°

Rapamycin activation of 4E-BP prevents parkinsonian dopaminergic neuron loss

Mutations in PINK1 and PARK2 cause autosomal recessive parkinsonism, a neurodegenerative disorder that is characterized by the loss of dopaminergic neurons. To discover potential therapeutic pathways, we identified factors that genetically interact with Drosophila park and Pink1. We found that overexpression of the translation inhibitor Thor (4E-BP) can suppress all of the pathologic phenotypes, including degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in Drosophila. 4E-BP is activated in vivo by the TOR inhibitor rapamycin, which could potently suppress pathology in Pink1 and park mutants. Rapamycin also ameliorated mitochondrial defects in cells from individuals with PARK2 mutations. Recently, 4E-BP was shown to be inhibited by the most common cause of parkinsonism, dominant mutations in LRRK2. We also found that loss of the Drosophila LRRK2 homolog activated 4E-BP and was also able to suppress Pink1 and park pathology. Thus, in conjunction with recent findings, our results suggest that pharmacologic stimulation of 4E-BP activity may represent a viable therapeutic approach for multiple forms of parkinsonism

Molecular Pathology of Lewy Body Diseases

Lewy body diseases are characterized by the presence of Lewy bodies, alpha-synuclein(AS)-positive inclusions in the brain. Since their main component is conformationally modified AS, aggregation of the latter is thought to be a key pathogenic event in these diseases. The analysis of inclusion body constituents gives additional information about pathways also involved in the pathology of synucleinopathies. Widespread mitochondrial dysfunction is very closely related to disease development. The impairment of protein degradation pathways, including both the ubiquitin-proteasome system and the autophagy-lysosome pathway also play an important role during the development of Lewy body diseases. Finally, differential expression changes of isoforms corresponding to genes primarily involved in Lewy body formation point to alternative splicing as another important mechanism in the development of Parkinson’s disease, as well as dementia with Lewy bodies. The present paper attempts to give an overview of recent molecular findings related to the pathogenesis of Lewy body diseases

Eine neue Abbildungsfunktion zur konformen Abbildung von Schaufelgittern

Es wird eine Abbildungsfunktion angegeben, die es erlaubt, aus der ebenen Grundströmung durch ein vorgegebenes, ungestaffeltes Gitter mit Gitterelementen von nahezu kreisförmigem Querschnitt die Strömung durch ein ungestaffeltes Gitter mit Profilen endlicher Dicke und Wölbung zu erzeugen. Die theoretische Darstellung ist analog der Behandlung des Einzeltragflügelprofils mit Hilfe der bekannten Kutta-Joukowskyschen Abbildungsfunktion, die als Grenzfall bei unendlich großem Teilungsverhältnis in der neuen Abbildungsfunktion enthalten ist. Anhand einiger Beispielrechnungen wird die neue Abbildungsfunktion erprobt.A new mapping function is presented which allows the basic flow through a given non-staggered cascade consisting of profile elements of nearly circular cross-section to be transformed into the flow through a cascade consisting of profiles of finite thickness and camber. The theoretical treatment is analogous to that of the single airfoil profile by use of the well-known Kutta-Joukowsky mapping function. The latter one is embodied in the new mapping function representing the limiting case of infinite pitch chord ratio. The new mapping function is tested by a few sample calculations

A Foreign Policy Actor in the Making. Discursive Construction of the EU Self-image and Role(s) (1999-2009)

Departing from the question of how the EU self-image and role conception have been constructed in 1999-2009, this study locates the analysis of the EU as a foreign policy (FP) actor within the constructivist framework of role theory combined with a discursive approach. Guided by the central assumption that identity and role conception can be analysed by studying language in the form of discourse, the study particularly aims to address the relationship between the EU’s self-image and role conception in FP and the extent of continuity and change within the EU’s official FP discourse. The analysis; of Presidency Conclusions of the European Council Meetings, two framework documents and ten speeches by key foreign policy-makers, conducted by a combination of the method of open coding and the analytical concepts borrowed from Laclau and Mouffe’s discursive approach shows that significant change has taken place within the discursive terrain. Along with an emergent role conception of the EU as protector against transnational challenges after the launch of ESS (2003), two concomitant changes have taken place; unravelling of the articulation between self-image and role conception and a stronger articulation of interests

Effect of coating thickness on electrode life in the spot welding of galvanized steels

This study examined the effect of coating thickness on electrode life and nugget strength. Uncoated and galvanized steel sheets supplied from Eregli Iron and Steel Factories Co. (Erdemir) with similar chemical compositions having different coating weights (100, 180, and 275 g/m2) were welded using resistance spot welding under constant welding parameters. Electrode force used during spot welding operation was 7.3 kN under 6.5 kA of constant welding current and 2 s welding time. After welding operations, shearing tests were applied to selected specimens and the nugget diameters were measured. Experimental results showed that as the coating thickness increased the electrode life and the strength of the weld nugget decreased. © TÜBİTAK

Career concept and career choices for mining engineers [Kariyer kavrami ve maden mühendisleri için kariyer seçenekleri]

This article deals with career concept, career path, career development, career planning and the phases of career planning. One of the most popular tools in contemporary planning and management is strategic planning. Application and adaptation of strategic planning to individual career development is explained. Furthermore, career and job alternatives for mining engineers are presented. Finally, in terms of how to become a successful mining engineer, required personal features and skills are emphasized

A computer-controlled triaxial swelling test apparatus

To avoid the problems encountered during and after the construction of engineering structures built within swelling rocks or soils, data related to swelling stresses and strains should be used in the design stage. For an effective design, it is important that the data used for this purpose should be derived from triaxial swelling tests. In this article, a re-designed and computer-controlled triaxial swelling test apparatus is introduced. Due to the limited amount of test equipment, the work associated with triaxial swelling tests has been rather limited and consequently a test standard has not been developed yet. The computer-controlled triaxial swelling test apparatus has made tedious swelling tests easier and thus it has provided better possibilities for the investigation of the triaxial swelling behavior of soils and rocks