Türkçe Eğitiminde Yapay Zekâ Kullanımı: Türkçe Eğitimcileri Yapay Zekâ Hakkında Ne Düşünüyor?

Bu araştırmada Türkçe öğretimi alanında görev yapan akademisyen ve öğretmenlerin yapay zekâ (YZ) kullanımına ilişkin görüşleri ele alınmıştır. On akademisyen ile yedi Türkçe öğretmeninden veri toplanarak yapılan araştırmada nitel bir yaklaşım benimsenmiş ve verilerin analizinde içerik analizi tekniği kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın bulguları Türkçe eğitiminde YZ kullanımının hem olanaklar hem de sınırlamalar taşıdığını açıkça ortaya koymaktadır. Katılımcılar, YZ’nin dil becerilerinin gelişimine özellikle yazma ve konuşma öğrenme alanlarında katkı sağladığını vurgulamış ve bu teknolojinin öğrencilerin bireysel öğrenme deneyimlerini zenginleştirebileceğini belirtmişlerdir. Bununla birlikte YZ’nin kolaycılığa yol açabileceği ve etik sorunlar yaratabileceği konusunda ciddi endişeler dile getirilmiştir. Araştırmada içerik üretimi ile ders materyali hazırlığı süreçlerinde ve öğretmenlerin iş yükünü azaltmada YZ’nin büyük bir fayda sağladığı ancak öğretmenlerin motivasyon eksiklikleri nedeniyle bu teknolojiden tam anlamıyla yararlanamadığı ortaya çıkmıştır. YZ’nin Türkçe eğitimine entegrasyonunun daha verimli olması için öğretmenlerin ve akademisyenlerin iş birliğine dayalı farkındalık artırıcı eğitim programlarına ihtiyaç duyulduğu sonucuna varılmıştır.</jats:p

Microstructure, Mechanical Properties, and Antibacterial Performance of Novel Fe‐Mn‐Zn Nanocrystalline Alloys Produced by Mechanical Alloying

This study investigates the impact of zinc (Zn) content on the microstructure and mechanical properties of (70‐x)Fe‐30Mn‐xZn (x = 0, 3, 6, and 9 wt%) nanocrystalline alloys produced using mechanical alloying and subsequently formed into pellets through hot pressing and sintering. X‐ray diffraction analysis indicates that Fe‐30Mn‐xZn (x = 0, 3, 6, and 9 wt%) particles exist in the austenite phase. According to scanning electron microscopy/energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy results, elemental distribution is homogeneous. Density tests of consolidated samples are performed by the Archimedes method. Among the tested alloys, the Fe‐30Mn‐9Zn alloy shows the highest relative density at 94.21%. Additional tests are performed to evaluate hardness, wear resistance, bending strength, corrosion behavior, and antibacterial properties. The Fe‐30Mn alloy has the highest hardness and wear resistance with a 548.66 HV value, which can be attributed to the solid solution hardening mechanism. The Fe‐30Mn‐9Zn alloy displays a bending strength of 1277.61 MPa and the lowest corrosion rate of 0.044 mm year−1 with potentiodynamic polarization tests, attributed to low porosity. Antibacterial tests conducted using the colony counting method with Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli bacteria show that increasing the zinc content significantly enhances the antibacterial properties of the alloy.</jats:p

Fracture Resistance of Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Direct Restorations on Endodontically Treated Molar Teeth with Furcal Perforation

This in vitro study evaluated short-fiber-reinforced composite materials and fiber-reinforced restorations of endodontically treated molars with furcal perforation. The endodontic treatment and mesio-occlusal–distal cavity preparation of 126 two-rooted mandibular third molars were performed. Eighteen non-perforated teeth were restored with resin composite as the control group. Furcal perforations and repair were performed on 108 teeth that were divided into six experimental groups: resin composite (RC), everX Flow (EXF), everX Posterior (EXP), Bioblock (BB), modified transfixed (MT), and horizontal glass-fiber (HGF) groups (n = 18). Fracture resistance tests were performed at an angle of 30◦ using a universal testing machine under static loading, and fracture patterns were classified. Welch’s analysis of variance, Pearson chi-square, and Tamhane post hoc tests (p = 0.05) were used to analyze the data (p = 0.05). The highest fracture resistance values were seen with the HGF (596.305 N), followed by MT (540.365 N), BB (477.906 N), EXP (476.647 N), EXF (414.462 N), control (413.811 N), and RC (335.325 N) groups (p &lt; 0.001). There was no significant difference between the BB and EXP groups or between the EXF and control groups (p &gt; 0.05). In terms of the dominant fracture pattern, the HGF and MT groups were repairable and possibly repairable, whereas the control, RC, and EXP groups were unrepairable. The EXF and BB groups were almost equally divided between possibly repairable and unrepairable. Restorations using horizontal fiber techniques and short-fiber-reinforced materials increased the fracture resistance of endodontically treated teeth with furcal perforation.</jats:p

A Bibliometric and Systematic Review of Publications on Augmented Reality in Sustainable Tourism

New tools and applications that can be used to develop the sustainability of tourism activities have emerged with developments in technology. In this context, augmented reality (AR), one of these cutting-edge technologies, has been studied in sustainable tourism applications in recent years, and studies have been carried out in the relevant fields that contribute to the literature on this subject. In this context, this study aims to reveal the current status and trends in published studies on AR technology in sustainable tourism through a bibliometric and systematic review. For this purpose, 61 publications on the subject were identified in the Web of Science (WoS) database, and bibliometric and systematic content analyses were performed using VOSviewer 1.6.20 software. As a result of these analyses, bibliometric data, such as the number of publications and citations by year, the most cited authors, countries, publications, their collaboration relationships, sustainable development goals, WoS categories, and content information regarding the study themes and aims, were obtained. Accordingly, it was determined that publications on AR in sustainable tourism emerged in 2014 and continued to develop into a new research area. The potential gaps suggested based on the findings of this study will guide future research and the development in the relevant sectors.</jats:p

Türk Vergi Sistemi Neden ve Ne Kadar Karmaşık Algılanıyor?: Bir Karma Yöntem Araştırması

Vergi karmaşıklığı, mükelleflerin vergiye uyum davranışlarını olumsuz etkilemekte ve gerek mükellefler için uyum maliyetlerini gerekse vergi idareleri için operasyonel maliyetleri artırarak devleti vergi geliri kaybına uğratabilmektedir. Bu nedenle, vergi sisteminin basitleştirilmesi yönündeki çabalar önem kazanmaktadır. Ancak, vergi karmaşıklığının azaltılması veya ortadan kaldırılması için öncelikle mevcut vergi karmaşıklığı düzeyinin belirlenmesi gerekmektedir. Bu araştırma; vergi karmaşıklığı algısını belirleyen faktörlerin saptanmasını, vergi karmaşıklığı algısını ölçmek üzere endeks geliştirilmesini ve bu endeks aracılığıyla Türk Vergi Sistemi’nin algılanan karmaşıklık düzeyinin ölçülmesini amaçlamaktadır. Araştırmada muhasebe meslek mensupları, vergi dairesi personeli, maliye alanında araştırma yapan akademisyenler ve vergi hukukunu ilgilendiren konularda hizmet veren avukatlardan oluşan 26 katılımcıyla yarı-yapılandırılmış görüşmeler gerçekleştirilmiş ve ulaşılan bulgulara dayalı olarak bir endeks geliştirilmiştir. Aynı meslek gruplarından belirlenen 507 katılımcıya ait anket verisiyle bu endeks kullanarak yapılan hesaplama sonucunda tüm katılımcıların “genel vergi karmaşıklığı algısı” skorlarının ortalaması 1 üzerinden 0,69 olarak bulunmuş ve Türk Vergi Sistemi’nin yüksek düzeyde karmaşık olarak algılandığı tespit edilmiştir. Araştırma, vergi karmaşıklığı konusunda literatüre ve politika yapıcılara özgün ve önemli katkılar sağlamaktadır. Anahtar Kelimeler: Vergi Karmaşıklığı, Vergi Karmaşıklığı Algısı, Vergi Karmaşıklığı Endeksi, Vergi Sisteminin Basitleştirilmesi, Vergi Uyumu JEL Sınıflandırması: H2, K30</jats:p

The effect of the combination therapy with chlorophyllin, a glutathione transferase P1-1 inhibitor, and docetaxel on triple-negative breast cancer invasion and metastasis in vivo/in vitro

Abstract The expression of glutathione S-transferase P1 (GSTP1) enzyme increases in cancer cells, leading to anticancer drug resistance. The antioxidant chlorophyllin has an inhibitory effect on GSTP1. In this study, we investigated the effect of chlorophyllin and its combined administration with the chemotherapeutic agent docetaxel on metastatic processes. For this purpose, both the 4T1 triple-negative breast cancer cell line and metastatic animal model were used. The MTT, flow cytometry, and wound healing assays were used to investigate cell viability, cell cycle, and cell migration, respectively. Total gelatinase activity, GST activity, and glutathione levels in cell and liver tissue lysates measured by colorimetric methods. Micrometastases were evaluated histochemically in liver tissue sections. As a result, the coadministration of chlorophyllin and docetaxel significantly inhibited cell migration in vitro. There was a significant decrease in the total gelatinase activity in vivo. We found that only combined treatment reduced the micrometastatic lesions in the liver tissues, though this reduction was not statistically significant. In conclusion, the coadministration of chlorophyllin and docetaxel may have a potential role in controlling metastatic processes by suppressing cell migration, gelatinase activity, and micrometastasis formation in triple-negative breast cancers. Graphical Abstract </jats:p

Tabi’în Dönemi Muhaddis Kadısı Yahyâ b. Saîd el-Ensârî’nin Hayatı (ö.143/760) ve Hadis İlmindeki Yeri

Sahâbî, tâbiîn ve etbâu’t-tâbiîn tabakaların yer aldığı hicrî ilk asırda çok sayıda öncü âlim yetişmiştir. Bu âlimler arasında en dikkat çekici isimlerden biri, çalışmamızın konusu olan tabîîn tabakasından Yahyâ b. Saîd el-Ensârî’dir. Yahyâ b. Saîd 143/760 yılında kadılık görevinde bulunduğu sırada Hâşimiyye’de vefat etmiştir. Tâbiîn döneminin en önemli âlimlerinden olan Yahyâ b. Saîd hadîs münekkitleri tarafından “sika, sebt, hüccet, esbetü’n-nâs, hafız” şeklinde ta’dîl edilmiştir. Emevî ve Abbâsîler döneminde yaşamış, Emevîler döneminde Medine kadılığı, Abbâsî zamanında ise Hâşimiyye kadılığı görevinde bulunmuştur. Enes b. Mâlik, Sâib b. Yezîd b. Saîd, Ebû Ümâme Esad b. Sehl gibi sahâbî ve genç tâbiînlerden hadîs almış, Fukahâ-i Seb’a’ya öğrencilik yapmış İmâm Mâlik, İmâm Ebû Yûsuf, Abdullah b. Mübârek, Süfyân es-Sevrî, Süfyân b. Uyeyne, İbn Cüreyc gibi öncü âlimler yetiştirmiş yaşadığı dönemin en önemli muhaddislerindendir. “Ameller niyetlere göredir” hadîsini pek çok kişiye naklederek daha önce fert olan bu hadîsi meşhur derecesine ulaştırmıştır. Bu çalışma, Yahyâ b. Saîd’in Kütüb-i Sitte çerçevesindeki rivayetlerini analiz etmekte ve bu rivayetlerin içerik ve sahîhlik açısından değerlendirmesini amaçlamaktadır.</jats:p

Analysis of Attitudes Toward Breastfeeding and Spiritual Life During Pregnancy in Türkiye: A Qualitative Study

Abstract It is crucial for nurses to understand the meaning of spirituality, which can become more pronounced during pregnancy, childbirth, and breastfeeding, and to take a supportive approach to breastfeeding attitudes during pregnancy. This study aimed to explore pregnant women’s attitudes and spiritual experiences in Türkiye regarding breastfeeding. A qualitative inductive content analysis design was employed. Seventeen pregnant women (36–39-week gestation) were admitted to a maternity hospital in Zonguldak, Türkiye. They were selected using purposive sampling. Data were collected through semi-structured, face-to-face, in-depth interviews and analyzed using an inductive content analysis approach. The mean age of the participants was 27.41 years, and ten participants were primiparous. Multiparous participants had previously breastfed for a mean duration of 19.1 months. Three main themes emerged: “Breastfeeding and life,” “Spiritual life and breastfeeding,” and “Cultural synthesis.” Considering the impact of spirituality on breastfeeding during pregnancy, these findings may help nurses recognize pregnant women’s spiritual needs and value the protective role of spirituality. Understanding these dimensions could improve the quality of support provided by healthcare professionals and potentially enhance breastfeeding outcomes.</jats:p

An Important Biomarker in Patients with Bell’s Palsy: Serum Calprotectin

Background and Objectives: This study aimed to examine the relationship between serum calprotectin levels and facial paralysis in patients with Bell’s palsy and to determine its prognostic significance. Materials and Methods: This study included 40 patients diagnosed with Bell’s palsy and 20 healthy individuals as controls. The patients were categorized into three groups based on their response to treatment: complete response, partial response, and no response. Blood samples were taken before treatment and in the third month after treatment to measure C-reactive protein, white blood cell count, lymphocyte count, neutrophil count, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, and calprotectin levels. Results: Serum calprotectin levels were found to be elevated in patients with BP compared to the healthy controls; however, no significant correlation was observed between calprotectin levels and disease prognosis. Conclusions: The findings suggest that Bell’s palsy patients have elevated serum calprotectin levels compared to healthy individuals, indicating the potential use of calprotectin as a biomarker in Bell’s palsy. However, no significant difference in calprotectin levels was observed between patients with varying degrees of treatment response, suggesting that calprotectin may be limited in predicting disease prognosis.</jats:p

Experimental Investigation of the Effect of Nanofluid Utilization on Heat Transfer Performance in Unmanned Aircraft Radiators with Various Spring-Type Fins

In the study conducted for the cooling systems of MALE class unmanned aerial vehicles using internal combustion engines, new type radiators were designed using spring-structure fins. Among the radiators formed with spring structures acting as fins, the radiator developed using springs with a pitch of 2.25 mm was named Radiator-Y1, the radiator developed using springs with a pitch of 4.25 mm was named Radiator-Y2, and the radiator developed using springs with a pitch of 8.25 mm was named Radiator-Y3. This design change is seen as an innovative method that can increase heat transfer on the radiator surface and increase cooling performance by increasing the turbulence effect of the air affecting the radiator. Experimental studies were carried out using single type (Al2O3 and ZnO) and hybrid (ZnO-CuO) nanofluids in addition to pure water. Experiments were carried out using different air speeds (8–10–12 m/s) and different coolant flow rates (20–22 L/min) and radiator performance was investigated. The effects of the surface area created by the spring structure and the turbulence effect on heat transfer were evaluated. As a result of the studies, Radiator-Y1 showed the best cooling performance among the radiators developed with spring structures, followed by Radiator-Y2 and Radiator-Y3. It was observed that the nanofluids used had a positive effect on the cooling performance compared with pure water, as did the hybrid nanofluid compared when compared with single type nanofluids.</jats:p