EVALUATION OF THE ECOLOGICAL SITUATION OF RURAL GEOSYSTEMS OF NORTHEN BUKOVINA

The article presents the theoretical and methodological foundations of landscape- geochemical analysis and an evaluation of Northern Bukovina rural geosystems. Based on the results of field and chemical analysis, calculations of environmental and geochemical indicators, characterizations of the degree of geochemical pollution load and the intensity of natural components, an environmental assessment of the geosystems of the study area is mad

Half-sandwich silane complexes of ruthenium and iron : synthesis, structure and application to catalysis

The present thesis describes syntheses, structural studies, and catalytic reactivity of new non-classical silane complexes of ruthenium and iron. The ruthenium complexes CpRu(PPri3)CI(T]2-HSiR3) (1) (SiR3 = SiCh (a), SiClzMe (b), SiCIMe2 (c), SiH2Ph (d), SiMe2Ph (e» were prepared by reactions of the new unsaturated complex CpRu(PPri3)CI with silanes. According to NMR studies and X-ray analyses, the complexes la-c exhibit unusual simultaneous Si··· H and Si··· CI-Ru interactions. The complex CpRu(PPri3)CI was also used for the preparation of the first examples of late transition metal agostic silylamido complexes CpRu(PPri3)(N(T]2-HSiMe2)R) (2) (R= Ar or But), which were characterized by NMR spectroscopy. The iron complexes CpFe(PMePri2)H2(SiR3) (3) (SiR3 = SiCh (a), SiClzMe (b), SiCIMe2 (c), SiH2Ph (d), SiMe2Ph (e» were synthesized by the reaction of the new borohydride iron complex CpFe(PMePri2)(B~) with silanes in the presence NEt3. The complexes 3 exhibit unprecedented two simultaneous and equivalent Si··· H interactions, which was confirmed by X-ray analyses and DFT calculations. A series of cationic ruthenium complexes [CpRu(PR3)(CH3CN)(112-HSiR'3)]BAF (PR3 = PPri 3 (4), PPh3 (5); SiR'3 = SiCh (a), SiClzMe (b), SiClMe2 (c), SiH2Ph (d), SiMe2Ph (e» was obtained by substitution of one of the labile acetonitrile ligands in [CpRu(PR3)(CH3CNh]BAF with sHanes. Analogous complexes [TpRu(PR3)(CH3CN)(T]2 -HSiR' 3)]BAF (5) were obtained by the reaction of TpRu(PR3)(CH3CN)CI with LiBAF in the presence of silanes. The complexes 4-5 were characterized by NMR spectroscopy, and the observed coupling constants J(Si-H) allowed us to estimate the extent of Si-H bond activation in these compounds. The catalytic activity in hydrosilylation reactions of all of the above complexes was examined. The most promising results were achieved with the cationic ruthenium precatalyst [CpRu(PPri3)(CH3CN)2t (6). Complex 6 shows good to excellent catalytic activity in the hydrosilylation of carbonyls, dehydrogenative coupling of silanes with alcohols, amines, acids, and reduction of acid chlorides. We also discovered very selective reduction of nitriles and pyridines into the corresponding N-silyl imines and l,4-dihydropyridines, respectively, at room temperature with the possibility of catalyst recycling. These chemoselective catalytic methods have no analogues in the literature. The reactions were proposed to proceed via an ionic mechanism with intermediate formation of the silane a-complexes 4

Personnel as a strategic resource of enterprise activity in the conditions of new economy

У статті досліджено основні поняття та правила нової економіки, управління персоналом як стратегічним ресурсом діяльності підприємства у нових економічних умовах. Виділено такі особливості нової економіки як: формування та активне використання динамічних знань як ресурсу для створення товарів і послуг, інфраструктури; активне впровадження нових технологій в усіх галузях економіки; інтелектуалізація товарів та послуг, характеру та структури праці; ліквідація національних та географічних кордонів; збільшення гостроти конкуренції на ринку товарів та послуг і ринку праці. Метою статті є: уточнення понять нової економіки, системи управління та її інформаційної екосистеми, контурів управління, цільового балансу управління, формування таблиць відповідності особливостей нової економіки та змін в управлінні персоналом, у процесах формування людського та інтелектуального капіталу підприємства; визначення стратегічних цілей розвитку підприємства та його системи управління персоналом. Новою економікою називають постіндустріальну економіку, що активно використовує нові технології, які, у свою чергу, динамічно змінюють виробництво товарів та послуг, форми управління та взаємодії, сприяють виникненню пріоритетів до формування інтелектуального капіталу. Така економіка підтримується сучасною інформаційною екосистемою, яка представляє собою електронне інформаційне середовище організації (підприємства, установи тощо). Підприємство у новій економіці може бути розглянуто за такими контурами розвитку, як: контури господарської діяльності; маркетингового просування та управління взаємодією з клієнтами; мережевої інфраструктури; управління персоналом. Запропоновано таблиці використання інструментів стратегічного управління персоналом з урахуванням особливостей нової економіки. Одержані результати є основою для формування стратегії управління персоналом, створення цільової та дорожньої карти діяльності HR-департаменту підприємства.The basic concepts and rules of new economy, personnel management as a strategic resource of enterprise activity in the new economic conditions, are investigated in the article. The following features of the new economy are highlighted: the formation and active use of dynamic knowledges as a resource for goods, services and infrastructure creation; active introduction of new technologies in all sectors of the economy; intellectualization of goods and services, nature and structure of work; elimination of national and geographical borders; increasing the competition severity in the market for goods and services and the labor market. The purpose of the article is: clarification of the new economy concepts as a management system and its information ecosystem, management contours, target balance of management, formation of correspondence tables for the features of the new economy and changes in personnel management, in the processes of an enterprise human and intellectual capital forming; determination the strategic goals of enterprise development and its personnel management system. The new economy is called the post-industrial economy, which actively uses a new technologies, which, in turn, dynamically change the production of goods and services, forms of management and interaction, contribute to the emergence of priorities for intellectual capital formation. Such an economy is supported by a modern information ecosystem, which is an electronic information environment of organization (enterprise, institution, etc.). An enterprise in a new economy can be considered along such contours of development as: the contours of economic activity; marketing promotion and customer engagement management; network infrastructure; HR-management. Tables of strategic personnel management tools using are proposed taking into account of the new economy features. Obtained results are the basis for the personnel management strategy formation, a target and roadmap for enterprise HR-department activity creation

Influence of high temperature on dairy productivity of Ukrainian Schwyz

In monitoring studies of recent years, global warming is reported. This is a significant problem for dairy farming in much of Europe, especially in the central and southern regions, as reported by numerous studies. Dairy cattle highly productive are extremely sensitive to hot temperatures; their consequence is health problems, a significant reduction in milk yield and milk quality. Unfortunately, heat stress remains an unrecognized problem for domestic cattle breeding, although the financial losses from its harmful influence in European are quite substantial. The aim of our work was to study the effect of high temperatures on milk yield of cows of Ukrainian Schwitz on one of the complexes of high-tech milk production. At the beginning of the research, we decided to test the hypothesis of increasing hot air temperatures in the warm period of the year compared with the long-term data. Then we studied how the milk of Schwitz breed varies during the hot season, depending on the magnitude of the maximum temperature values. According to the results of the study, it can be noted that the air temperature during the warm period of 2017 tended to increase (+0.6 °С) in comparison with the long-term data. In August, the air temperature significantly exceeded the long-term data by +3 °C (td = 2.89, P < 0.05). The relationship between the temperature and milk yield of cows is revealed by an average degree of reliability (r = -0.45, P < 0.05). Compared with the most favorable external conditions in May, the cows' milk yield decreased in June by 3.0%, the yield of milk fat by 5.2%, the milk protein content by 3.4% (P < 0.001). In July and August, the cows' milk yield decreased by 4.6 and 5.5% (P < 0.001), the yield of milk fat decreased by 3.1 and 7.3% (P < 0.01–0.001), the yield of milk protein 3.4 and 5.7% (P < 0.001). Thus, high temperatures during the summer period contributed to a decrease in milk yield and the main components of milk of the Ukrainian Schwitz, which can lead to tangible financial losses

Preferential α-hydrosilylation of terminal alkynes by bis-N-heterocyclic carbene rhodium(III) catalysts

We describe a bis-N-heterocyclic carbene rhodium(III) complex, featuring two trifluoroacetato ligands, that affords a variety of a-vinylsilanes in good yields by hydrosilylation of terminal alkynes. Selectivities around 7:1 α/β-(E) were reached, while the β-(Z) product was only marginally obtained. This example sharply contrasts with the β-(Z)-selectivity observed for its parent diiodido complexFunded by: the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (MINECO/FEDER). Grant Number: CONSOLIDER INGENIO CSD2009–0050, CTQ2011–27593 projects, and “Juan de la Cierva” (M.I.) and Ramón y Cajal (P. J. S. M.) programs DGA. Grant Number: FSE-E07. King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals–University of Zaragoza research agreement. The Center of Research Excellence in Petroleum Refining & Petrochemicals at King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals.Peer Reviewe

Effects of oxide and water on friction of rail steel – new test method and friction mapping

A novel tribo-testing method using a pin-on-plate tribometer was developed to test and visualise the coefficient of friction over surfaces with oxides present to examine low adhesion issues. Tribo-test data was recorded each pass over test surfaces showing how friction changes with mechanical action. Trackside environmental monitoring and railhead swabbing was performed to investigate the physical and chemical environment of the railhead. Iron oxides were both synthesised on and deposited on rail steel substrates to simulate “wet-rail” conditions. Powdered oxide layers of magnetite, haematite, goethite and lepidocrocite were deposited on rail steel substrates to investigate individual oxides. Composition was analysed using x-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy before testing. Magnetite, Haematite and Lepidocrocite were formed when water alone was applied to the surfaces. Low friction was observed on oxidised sample surfaces only outside high roughness, oxide pitted, areas, but these conditions were shown to be difficult to achieve and transient

Activation of aromatic C−C bonds of 2,2’-bipyridine ligands

4,4’-Disubstituted-2,2′-bipyridine ligands coordinated to Mo and Re cationic fragments become dearomatized by an intramolecular nucleophilic attack from a deprotonated N-alkylimidazole ligand in cis disposition. The subsequent protonation of these neutral complexes takes place on a pyridine carbon atom rather than at nitrogen, weakening an aromatic C−C bond and affording a dihydropyridyl moiety. Computational calculations allowed for the rationalization of the formation of the experimentally obtained products over other plausible alternatives.Financialsupport from Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad/FEDER (grant CTQ2015-70231-P) and Principado de Asturias (grant GRUPIN14-103) is gratefully acknowledged. J.D.thanks COMPUTAEX for granting access to LUSITANIA supercomputing facilities.Peer Reviewe

Проблемні питання адаптації корів голштинської породи в умовах промислової технології виробництва молока

The increase in the duration of productive longevity of highly productive cows remains a problematic issue and in recent years has attracted increasing attention of domestic and foreign scientists. Accelerated herd turnover and significant premature retirement of Holstein animals in herds may subsequently have negative economic and biological consequences. The analysis of the lifetime productivity of the Holstein cattle of European breeding and their daughters under the conditions of industrial milk production technology has been carried out; the reasons for the culling of animals due to diseases have been clarified. It is established that under the conditions of an industrial complex the period of productive use of Holstein cattle is sharply reduced. The duration of the lactation period in cows-daughters compared with mothers significantly decreased by 463.6 days (by 32.5%) and amounted to only 2.5 lactations (P < 0.01). At the same time, lifelong milk yield was lower by 8427.1 kg (25.9%), and during life from them was received on one calf less. The main reasons for premature departure from the herd of imported animals were: a violation of reproductive capacity (25.6%) and postpartum complications (7.4%), diseases of the digestive system (22.3%), limbs (21.5%) and mastitis (6.6%). Excessive exploitation of animals led to a decrease in natural resistance, which manifested itself in an increase in the number of pathologies of reproductive organs (6.7%), digestive organs (5.5%) and mammary glands (8.5%) among the first-generation cows. Accelerated herd turnover as a result of premature retirement of highly productive cows, necessitates the search for rational ways to increase the natural resistance of the animal organism in conditions of industrial milk production technology aimed at prolonging their productive longevity.Проведен анализ пожизненной продуктивности коров голштинской породы европейской селекции и их дочерей в условиях промышленной технологии производства молока, выяснены причины выбраковки животных вследствие заболеваний. Установлено, что в условиях промышленного комплекса резко снижается срок продуктивного использования голштинского скота. Продолжительность лактационного периода у коров-дочерей по сравнению с матерями достоверно сократилась на 463,6 дня (на 32,5%) и составила всего 2,5 лактации (Р < 0,01). При этом пожизненный удой оказался ниже на 8427,1 кг (25,9%), а в течение жизни от них было получено на одного теленка меньше. Основными причинами преждевременного выбытия из стада импортных животных были: нарушение воспроизводительной способности (25,6%) и послеродовые осложнения (7,4%), болезни органов пищеварения (22,3%), конечностей (21,5%) и маститы (6,6%). Чрезмерная эксплуатация животных привела к снижению естественной резистентности, что проявилось в увеличении среди коров первого поколения патологии репродуктивных органов (6,7%), органов пищеварения (5,5%) и молочной железы (8,5%). Ускоренный оборот стада в результате преждевременного выбытия высокопродуктивных коров, обусловливает необходимость поиска рациональных путей повышения естественной резистентности организма животных в условиях промышленной технологии производства молока направленных на продление их продуктивного долголетия.Проведено аналіз довічної продуктивності корів голштинської породи європейської селекції та їх дочок за промислової технології виробництва молока, з’ясовані причини вибракування тварин внаслідок захворювань. Встановлено, що в умовах промислового комплексу різко знижується термін продуктивного використання голштинської худоби. Тривалість лактаційного періоду в корів-дочок порівнянні з матерями достовірно скоротилася на 463,6 дні (на 32,5%) і склала лише 2,5 лактації (Р < 0,01). При цьому довічний надій виявився нижчим на 8427,1 кг (25,9%), а упродовж життя від них було отримано на одне теля менше. Основними причинами передчасного вибуття із стада імпортних тварин були порушення відтворювальної здатності (25,6%) і післяродові ускладнення (7,4%), хвороби органів травлення (22,3%), кінцівок (21,5%) і мастити (6,6%). Надмірна експлуатація тварин призвела до зниження природної резистентності, що проявилося в зростанні серед корів першої генерації патології репродуктивних органів (6,7%), органів травлення (5,5%) і молочної залози (8,5%). Прискорений оборот стада внаслідок передчасного вибуття високопродуктивних корів зумовлює необхідність пошуку раціональних шляхів підвищення природної резистентності організму тварин за промислової технології виробництва молока спрямованих на подовження їхнього продуктивного довголіття

Multi-Criteriality as a Factor of Project Risk

The article considers the project risk as a potential danger regarding the achievement of the project’s objectives in the objective impossibility of operating full and reliable information about the status of the environment. The methodical bases of planning of the project-oriented development of enterprise are elaborated taking into view various conditions. The procedure includes the following successive stages: determining the vision and objectives of the enterprise development; analyzing the business processes and determining the directions and risks of development; evaluating the potential and conditions of development to ensure further changes; forming the set of alternative business-projects of the enterprise development; forming the optimal program as to the risk level. It is defined that development of industrial enterprise envisages implementation of project actions for active change of business environment. The instrument of such actions is the development program, which includes groups of projects. The economic-mathematical model of formation of an optimum program of development of enterprise in accordance with the chosen goal and vision of development is elaborated

Biological tissues high-frequency electric welding in biliodigestive anastomoses formation in the experimental and clinical conditions

O.O. Shalimov National Surgery and Transplantology Institute of National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Odessa National Medical University, Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical UniversityThe aim of the study - to improve the treatment results of patients with main bile duct disturbances, using the modern method of tissues high-frequency electric welding (HFEW) for the hepaticojejunic anastomoses formation. Material and methods. The formation of 15 models of termino-lateral hepaticojejunic anastomoses were performed experimentally. The modelings were done using “bioimitators” in the form of both hepaticocholedochus and small intestine fragments, removed during pancreatoduodenal resections. The HFEW method was used in 14 patients with the main biliary outflow disturbances for hepaticojejunic anastomoses formation: 6 patients were operated as the result of a periampular zone malignant tumor complicated by mechanical jaundice, 2 patients with chronic pancreatitis presented tubular stenosis of the distal part of the common bile duct, 6 patients presented scars and bile ducts iatrogenic lesions. The control group consisted of 60 patients in whom hepaticojejunic anastomoses was formed traditionally. Results. Hepaticojejunic anastomoses formed by biological tissues radio-frequency (RF)-welding method were passable, completely sealed and had sufficient strength (706.9±70.0 H2O mm). The primary narrowing of anastomoses lumen, formed by the HFEW method, was smaller (13.6±2.1%), compared to the same in the anastomoses formed by the suture method (49.1±3.4%). It was proved histologically that a coagulation suture was formed during electrowelding, and tissue joining was due to changes in the protein conformation of the intercellular substance and the destructed cells. The comparative analysis of clinical and laboratory data in patients of both main and control groups, provided during the postoperative period, revealed better results in the main group patients compared to the control group – the duration of anastomoses formation in case of RF-welding was averagely by 19 minutes (43.2%) shorter comparing to the duration in case of ligature use; the total bilirubin level throughout the postoperative period decreased quicker in the main group (40.4±6.2 μmol/l) comparing to the decrease in the control group (55.0±8.0 μmol/l); one could register both AlAT and AsAT levels quicker. Ultrasound investigation and Magnetic Resonance Cholangiopancreatography, performed at different times of the postoperative period, also proved HFEW anastomoses good patency and tightness. Conclusions. HFEW method for soft biological tissues in clinical practice allows to create reliable biodigestive anastomoses, especially in conditions of inflammation. One could see decrease in early postoperative complications frequency and both bilirubin and transaminases levels faster normalization while using HFEW methods, which indicates liver function rapid recovery