Values of inland fisheries in the Mekong river basin

Asia has the most productive inland fisheries in the world. The fishery sector contributes significantly to the national economies of the region. Inland fisheries also improve food security by providing a source of protein and a livelihood for millions of people in this part of the world, especially the rural poor. The purpose of this report is to provide information on the biological, economic, social and cultural values of river fisheries in the Lower Mekong Basin, and to identify the main impacts of environmental changes on these values. A review of fisheries-related literature, including project reports and gray literature, was undertaken. More than 800 documents were reviewed, and original information was extracted from 270 of them. The analysis identified a large number of localized studies leading to generic conclusions. The report addresses the basin wide issues and studies. It is then organized by nation, namely, the Chinese province of Yunnan, then Laos, Thailand, Cambodia and Vietnam. It first gives an overview of each country’s economic, fisheries and social situation, then details the values documented for river fisheries in each country

Values of inland fisheries in the Mekong river basin

This report provides an overview of the biological, economical, social and cultural values of river fisheries in the Lower Mekong Basin (Yunan, Laos, Thailand, Cambodia and Vietnam). The report also identifies the main impacts of environmental changes on these values.Inland fisheries, Socioeconomic aspects, Economic analysis, Asia, ISEW, Vietnam, Mekong River Delta, Mekong Delta,

Tattarikauraleipä on maistuvaa ja terveellistä

Me kaikki haluamme leivältämme hyvää makua ja rakennetta. Gluteenittoman leivän laadussa on usein toivomisen varaa. Siksi uusi tattarikauraleipä on tervetullut vaihtoehto keliaakikoille ja mahdollisesti myös muille erikoisruokavaliota noudattaville.vo

Indirect multisignal monitoring and diagnosis of drill wear

A machine tool utilisation rate can be improved by an advanced condition monitoring system using modern sensor and signal processing techniques. A drilling test and analysis program for indirect tool wear measurement forms the basis of this thesis. For monitoring the drill wear a number of monitoring methods such as vibration, acoustic emission, sound, spindle power and axial force were tested. The signals were analysed in the time domain using statistical methods such as root mean square (rms) value and maximum. The signals were further analysed using Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) to determine their frequency contents. The effectiveness of the best sensors and analysis methods for predicting the remaining lifetime of a tool in use has been defined. The results show that vibration, sound and acoustic emission measurements are more reliable for tool wear monitoring than the most commonly used measurements of power consumption, current and force. The relationships between analysed signals and tool wear form a basis for the diagnosis system. Higher order polynomial regression functions with a limited number of terms have been developed and used to mimic drill wear development and monitoring parameters that follow this trend. Regression analysis solves the problem of how to save measuring data for a number of tools so as to follow the trend of the measuring signal; it also makes it possible to give a prognosis of the remaining lifetime of the drill. A simplified dynamic model has been developed to gain a better understanding of why certain monitoring methods work better than others. The simulation model also serves the testing of the developed automatic diagnostic method, which is based on the use of simplified fuzzy logic. The simplified fuzzy approach makes it possible to combine a number of measuring parameters and thus improves the reliability of diagnosis. In order to facilitate the handling of varying drilling conditions and work piece materials, the use of neural networks has been introduced in the developed approach. The scientific contribution of the thesis can be summarised as the development of an automatically adaptive diagnostic tool for drill wear detection. The new approach is based on the use of simplified fuzzy logic and higher order polynomial regression analysis, and it relies on monitoring methods that have been tested in this thesis. The diagnosis program does not require a lot of memory or processing power and consequently is capable of handling a great number of tools in a machining centre.reviewe

Sensemaking Practices in the Everyday Work of AI/ML Software Engineering

This paper considers sensemaking as it relates to everyday software engineering (SE) work practices and draws on a multi-year ethnographic study of SE projects at a large, global technology company building digital services infused with artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) capabilities. Our findings highlight the breadth of sensemaking practices in AI/ML projects, noting developers' efforts to make sense of AI/ML environments (e.g., algorithms/methods and libraries), of AI/ML model ecosystems (e.g., pre-trained models and "upstream"models), and of business-AI relations (e.g., how the AI/ML service relates to the domain context and business problem at hand). This paper builds on recent scholarship drawing attention to the integral role of sensemaking in everyday SE practices by empirically investigating how and in what ways AI/ML projects present software teams with emergent sensemaking requirements and opportunities

Lisätyön tarjoamisvelvoite ja sen täyttyminen Yritys X:ssä

Tämän opinnäytetyön tarkoituksena oli selvittää, miten Yritys X:ssä otetaan huomioon lisätyön tarjoamisvelvoite ja kuinka se toteutuu yrityksen toimipaikkojen esimiesten toimesta. Velvoitteen täyttymisen ongelmakohtia selvitettiin kyselylomakkeen avulla. Kyselyssä selvitettiin, toimivatko esimiehet lain edellyttämällä tavalla, ja jos eivät, mistä tämä johtuu. Työn osana laadittiin myös uudistettu ohjeistus Yritys X:n toimipaikkojen esimiehille avuksi toimintaan niissä tilanteissa, joissa työpaikalle tarvitaan lisätyövoimaa. Opinnäytetyö on sekä kvantitatiivinen että kvalitatiivinen. Tutkimustapana opinnäytetyössä käytettiin kyselytutkimusta lisätyöntarjoamisesta, joka toteutettiin yrityksen toimipaikkojen esimiehille. Lisäksi tutkimusaineistona käytettiin yrityksen henkilöstöpäällikön kanssa käytyä teemahaastattelua. Opinnäytetyötä tehdessä käytettiin hyväksi yrityksen jo olemassa olevaa ohjeistusta lisätyön tarjoamisesta, jota nyt päivitettiin mahdollisimman helposti ymmärrettävään muotoon. Opinnäytetyössä käytettiin aineistona myös lainsäädäntöä, työsopimuslakiin ja työaikalakiin erikoistunutta kirjallisuutta ja oikeustapauksia. Kyselytutkimuksen tulokset osoittivat, että suurin este lisätyön tarjoamisvelvoitteen täyttymiselle on yrityksessä käytettävän lisätyövuoroja välittävän kutsujärjestelmän ongelmallisuus. Esimiehet eivät käytä ohjelmaa, tai jos käyttävät, he eivät koe saavansa apua sen kautta tarpeeksi nopeasti tai lainkaan. Yritys voi käyttää kyselyn vastauksia apuna tulevaisuudessa suunnitellessaan uudistuksia lisätyön tarjoamiseen.The purpose of this thesis is to find out how Company X is taking into account the obligation of offering additional work and how office managers are providing it to part-time employees. The challenges of fulfilling the obligation are clarified in a survey. The survey examines whether the managers are working according the law, and if not, why this is so. The aim is also to draw up revised guidelines for Company X’s workplace managers to assist them in situations where additional staff is needed. This thesis is both quantitative and qualitative. As research material a survey and theme interviews of personnel manager´s was used. The company's existing guidance on the provision of additional work was also used. It is now being updated, aiming to a more understandable form. As additional research material in the thesis legislation, court cases and specialized literature about the acts on employment contracts and working hours was also used. The survey results show that the main obstacle in providing additional work is that the managers are not using the shift relay-system, or if they do, they do not feel that they are receiving help fast enough, or at all. The company can use the survey answers in the future as an aid when planning review additional work

What is “showing” in language?

In this squib, I discuss the issue of showing meaning in language. I consider showing to form a continuum with telling (traditional language use with lexico-grammatical units and processes) and define showing in its purest form as a way of signaling meaning through depiction. For this purpose, showing makes use of relatively gradient and non-conventional means which are not typically considered to belong to language proper. I situate showing together with telling in ontology in which language is conceived as being simultaneously a physical, cognitive and social activity on a par with other such types of activities. In mainstream linguistics, showing has been marginalized and set aside from the focus of research. However, I suggest that accepting showing as an inherent part of language and its use has, after closer empirical scrutiny, not only theoretical but also practical implications