INFORMAÇÃO EM SAÚDE COMO ESTRATÉGIA DE INTEGRAÇÃO NO CUIDADO

As ações de saúde devem envolver meios e instrumentos estratégicos para integração no cuidado. Na atualidade, a facilidade de acesso à informação em saúde conduz a intervenção com resultados satisfatórios, gerando efetividade, eficiência e eficácia das ações em saúde. Os diversos meios para acesso e obtenção de informações, e nas últimas três décadas, em função de intensas transformações sociais, políticas, econômicas, tecnológicas, culturais, entre outras, vivencia-se no mundo globalizado, altamente tecnológico, no qual a informação se tornou capital fundamental de acesso rápido e fácil (Giddens, 2002). Dentre os meios, destaca-se a internet, disponível desde 1991 e, em especial, desde lançamento dos primeiros navegadores, browsers, em 1993 (Hart, 2004). A internet recurso excepcional no tocante à obtenção a informações de qualquer tipo, e como instrumento educacional (Garbin, 2012). Nesse aspecto, despertou-se interesse de utilização em prol da saúde, visando expandir informações em saúde. A utilização da internet para promoção da saúde vem apresentando crescimento, apresentando-se como importante meio de esclarecimento acerca de temas recorrentes da saúde. O desejo de promover saúde apoia-se na premissa de ser ela “o maior recurso para o desenvolvimento social, econômico e pessoal, assim como uma importante dimensão da qualidade de vida” (BRASIL, 2002, p.20). Neste contexto, usuário de internet deve saber reconhecer site de credibilidade nas informações e diferenciá-los daqueles constituídos por exemplos de desinformação. A Universidade Estadual da Paraíba por meio do Núcleo de Educação e Atenção em Saúde (NEAS) disponibiliza informações e relata intervenções realizadas pelos projetos de extensão da Instituição. A presente intervenção presencial e digital disponibilizada para o mundo objetiva divulgar informações e ações em saúde qualificadas, como estratégia na promoção do autocuidado. Contribui-se para qualidade de vida disponibilizando atitudes estratégicas no contexto da saúde

Trastorno de ansiedad generalizada en universitarios brasileños durante la pandemia de COVID-19

Objetivo: este estudo avaliou os níveis de ansiedade de universitários brasileiros durante a pandemia de COVID-19. Metodologia: a escala de Transtorno de Ansiedade Generalizada de 7 itens foi usada para medir os níveis de ansiedade de 1.837 respondentes a um questionário de pesquisa online. Resultados: os participantes foram em sua maioria mulheres de 18 a 27 anos, matriculados em programas de pós-graduação em universidades públicas, morando com pessoas consideradas de risco para COVID-19, e com renda familiar de 1 a 3 salários mínimos. Mais de 75% dos participantes relataram algum nível de ansiedade, com 23,08% relatando níveis graves, enquanto apenas 24,93% apresentaram níveis normais de ansiedade. A regressão logística ordinal identificou que ser mulher jovem de baixa renda pode afetar o nível de ansiedade. Além disso, estudantes da área de humanidades, estudantes bem informados e aqueles em risco de COVID-19 eram significativamente mais propensos a sentir ansiedade. Conclusão: a saúde mental dos universitários brasileiros, particularmente de determinados grupos, foi afetada pela pandemia de COVID-19 e requer atenção e cuidados específicos.Objetivo: este estudio evaluó los niveles de ansiedad de los estudiantes universitarios brasileñosdurante la pandemia de COVID-19. Metodología: se utilizó la Escala de Trastorno de AnsiedadGeneralizada de 7 ítems para medir los niveles de ansiedad de 1837 encuestados en un cuestionariode investigación en línea. Resultados: los participantes fueron en su mayoría mujeres de 18a 27 años de edad, matriculados en programas de posgrado en universidades públicas, queviven con personas consideradas en riesgo de COVID-19, y con 1 a 3 salarios mínimos deingreso familiar. Más del 75% de los participantes informó algún nivel de ansiedad y que el23,08% reportó niveles severos, mientras que solo el 24,93% experimentó niveles normalesde ansiedad. La regresión logística ordinal identificó que ser una mujer joven de bajos ingresospodría afectar el nivel de ansiedad. Además, los estudiantes del campo de las humanidades, losestudiantes bien informados y aquellos en riesgo de COVID-19 tuvieron significativamente másprobabilidades de sufrir ansiedad. Conclusión: la salud mental de los estudiantes universitariosbrasileños, particularmente en ciertos grupos, se vio afectada por la pandemia de COVID-19 yrequiere atención y cuidados específicos.Objective: this study assessed the anxiety levels of Brazilian university students during theCOVID-19 pandemic. Methodology: the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item scale was used tomeasure the anxiety levels of 1,837 respondents to an online research questionnaire. Results:the participants were mostly women aged from 18 to 27 years old, enrolled in graduate programsat public universities, living with people considered at risk for COVID-19, and earning familyincomes of 1 to 3 minimum wages. More than 75% of the participants reported some level ofanxiety, with 23.08% reporting severe levels, while only 24.93% experienced normal anxietylevels. The ordinal logistic regression identified that being a young woman with a low incomecould affect the anxiety level. Additionally, students from the field of humanities, well-informedstudents and those at risk for COVID-19 were significantly more likely to experience anxiety.Conclusion: the mental health of Brazilian university students, particularly certain groups, wasaffected by the COVID-19 pandemic and requires specific attention and care

Association between respiratory diseases and molar-incisor hypomineralization: A systematic review and meta-analysis

The molar-incisor permineralização (MIH) is a qualitative enamel developing abnormality involving the occlusal and/or incisal third of one or more molars or permanent incisors, caused by systemic factors. Several systemic disorders and environmental factors, such as respiratory diseases, have been reported as probable causes of MIH. Thus, this work aimed to evaluate whether respiratory diseases and MIH are associated. The searches were carried out in electronic databases, including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, LILACS, OpenGrey, and Google Scholar. The acronym PECO was used, in which the P (population) was humans in permanent dentition stage; (E-exposure) molar-incisor hypomineralization; (C-comparison) reference population and (O - outcome) respiratory diseases. After the search retrieval, the duplicates were removed, and the articles were evaluated by title and abstract; then, the papers were read and thoroughly assessed. After selection, the risk of bias assessment was performed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) for observational studies. The Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) tool was used to assess the level of evidence. Three thousand six hundred and sixty six were found through the searches. After exclusion by duplicates, title, abstract, and full-reading, 13 articles remained. The articles included in this review evaluated the association of MIH with asthma, tonsilitis, pneumonia, and bronchitis. Most reports showed a low risk of bias. When exploring through GRADE, a very low level of evidence was found. We observed that the included studies showed that children with MIH had more respiratory diseases than the group that did not have MIH.Systematic review registrationhttps://osf.io/un76d

ACOMPANHAMENTO PRÉ-NATAL E SEU IMPACTO NA PREVENÇÃO DA TRANSMISSÃO VERTICAL DA HEPATITE B

The present study aims to describe the impact of prenatal care on the prevention of vertical transmission of hepatitis B. It is an integrative literature review conducted in August 2023, using the PICO strategy to formulate the guiding question, through consultation with the Virtual Health Library (BVS) and the Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE) database via BVS and PubMed. The descriptors obtained through DeCS and MeSH, along with their English and Spanish alternatives, were combined using the "OR" and "AND" Boolean operators. A total of 3,010 articles were identified, and after applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, as well as removing duplicates and conducting full-text reading, 8 articles were selected for the study. The results highlight that the integrated approach of prenatal care plays a significant role in preventing vertical transmission of hepatitis B, with early identification of virus-carrying pregnant women and the implementation of appropriate therapeutic interventions effectively reducing the risk of transmission to newborns. Neonatal immunoprophylaxis and prenatal counseling also hold relevance, contributing to protection against infection. Therefore, investing in quality prenatal services is essential to promote a more robust maternal and child health, free from the impacts of hepatitis B.O atual estudo tem como objetivo descrever o impacto do acompanhamento pré-natal na prevenção da transmissão vertical da hepatite B. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura, realizada durante o mês de agosto de 2023, onde se utilizou a estratégia PICO para elaboração da pergunta norteadora, por consulta a Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS) e a base de dados Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE) via BVS e PubMed, utilizando os descritores obtidos através do DeCS e MesH: e suas alternativas em inglês e espanhol, combinados através dos operadores booleanos “OR” e “AND”. Encontrou-se um total de 3.010 artigos e, após a aplicação dos critérios de inclusão e exclusão, bem como remoção de duplicatas e leitura na íntegra, foram selecionados 8 artigos para compor o estudo. Os resultados evidenciam que a abordagem integrada do pré-natal exerce um papel de destaque na prevenção da transmissão vertical da hepatite B, destacando-se a identificação precoce de gestantes portadoras do vírus e a implementação de intervenções terapêuticas apropriadas, reduzindo eficazmente o risco de transmissão para os recém-nascidos. A imunoprofilaxia neonatal e o aconselhamento pré-natal também apresentam relevância, contribuindo para a proteção contra a infecção. Assim, investir em serviços pré-natais de qualidade se configura como uma medida essencial para promover uma saúde materno-infantil mais robusta e isenta dos impactos da hepatite B

Long-term evaluation of patients with BMI = 50kg/m2 who underwent Bariatric Surgery

ABSTRACT Purpose: to determine the risks and benefits of bariatric surgery in patients with super obesity (SO) in comparison with obesity grades II and III. Methods: retrospective cohort that included a study group of 178 patients with SO and a control group of 181 patients with BMI 35-49.9Kg/m2. The groups were formed in a 1:1 nearest neighbor matching. The main variables were pre- and postoperative BMI and comorbidities, occurrence of severe postoperative complications, bowel obstruction, marginal ulcer, fistulae and 30-day death, besides the necessity of emergency room (ER) admission and abdominal computed tomography (CT) scans in the postoperative period due to acute abdomen. Results: the study group comprised 74.0% of women while the control group had 56.7%. The mean follow-up time was similar between both groups (5.48 x 6.09 years, p=0.216). There was no statistically significant difference on the prevalence of hypertension and T2D between the groups according to the surgical technique. All deaths occurred in the Study group (BMI = 50kg/m2) who underwent RYGB. There was no difference between the groups regarding the occurrence of severe complications. Data on ER admissions and the need for abdominal CT to investigate postoperative abdominal pain did not show statistically significant difference between the groups. Conclusion: despite the high risk related to bariatric surgery in patients with SO, the benefits related to the remission of comorbidities are significant; although being lower than those found in patients with milder grades of obesity

Characterisation of microbial attack on archaeological bone

As part of an EU funded project to investigate the factors influencing bone preservation in the archaeological record, more than 250 bones from 41 archaeological sites in five countries spanning four climatic regions were studied for diagenetic alteration. Sites were selected to cover a range of environmental conditions and archaeological contexts. Microscopic and physical (mercury intrusion porosimetry) analyses of these bones revealed that the majority (68%) had suffered microbial attack. Furthermore, significant differences were found between animal and human bone in both the state of preservation and the type of microbial attack present. These differences in preservation might result from differences in early taphonomy of the bones. © 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved

Brazilian Flora 2020: Leveraging the power of a collaborative scientific network

International audienceThe shortage of reliable primary taxonomic data limits the description of biological taxa and the understanding of biodiversity patterns and processes, complicating biogeographical, ecological, and evolutionary studies. This deficit creates a significant taxonomic impediment to biodiversity research and conservation planning. The taxonomic impediment and the biodiversity crisis are widely recognized, highlighting the urgent need for reliable taxonomic data. Over the past decade, numerous countries worldwide have devoted considerable effort to Target 1 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation (GSPC), which called for the preparation of a working list of all known plant species by 2010 and an online world Flora by 2020. Brazil is a megadiverse country, home to more of the world's known plant species than any other country. Despite that, Flora Brasiliensis, concluded in 1906, was the last comprehensive treatment of the Brazilian flora. The lack of accurate estimates of the number of species of algae, fungi, and plants occurring in Brazil contributes to the prevailing taxonomic impediment and delays progress towards the GSPC targets. Over the past 12 years, a legion of taxonomists motivated to meet Target 1 of the GSPC, worked together to gather and integrate knowledge on the algal, plant, and fungal diversity of Brazil. Overall, a team of about 980 taxonomists joined efforts in a highly collaborative project that used cybertaxonomy to prepare an updated Flora of Brazil, showing the power of scientific collaboration to reach ambitious goals. This paper presents an overview of the Brazilian Flora 2020 and provides taxonomic and spatial updates on the algae, fungi, and plants found in one of the world's most biodiverse countries. We further identify collection gaps and summarize future goals that extend beyond 2020. Our results show that Brazil is home to 46,975 native species of algae, fungi, and plants, of which 19,669 are endemic to the country. The data compiled to date suggests that the Atlantic Rainforest might be the most diverse Brazilian domain for all plant groups except gymnosperms, which are most diverse in the Amazon. However, scientific knowledge of Brazilian diversity is still unequally distributed, with the Atlantic Rainforest and the Cerrado being the most intensively sampled and studied biomes in the country. In times of “scientific reductionism”, with botanical and mycological sciences suffering pervasive depreciation in recent decades, the first online Flora of Brazil 2020 significantly enhanced the quality and quantity of taxonomic data available for algae, fungi, and plants from Brazil. This project also made all the information freely available online, providing a firm foundation for future research and for the management, conservation, and sustainable use of the Brazilian funga and flora