154 research outputs found
Crystal structure of 4,4-dimethyl-2-(trifluoromethyl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazole, C6H9F3N2
C6H9F3N2, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 10.6224(9) Ă
, b = 11.8639(9) Ă
, c = 13.3139(11) Ă
, ÎČ = 105.903(3)°, V = 1613.6(2) Ă
3, Z = 8, Rgt(F) = 0.0618, wRref(F2) = 0.1629, T = 102(2) K [1â3]
Is early defoliation a sustainable management practice for mediterranean vineyards? case studies at the portuguese Lisbon winegrowing region
Context and purpose of the study - Recently early defoliation (ED) has been tested in several highyielding
grapevine varieties and sites aiming at reducing cluster compactness and hence, regulating yield
and susceptibility to botrytis bunch rot infection. The reported results have been generally positive,
encouraging growers to use this canopy management technique as an alternative for replacing the
conventional time-consuming cluster thinning and, simultaneously, as a sustainable practice to reduce
the use of fungicides. However, ED increases berry sunburn risks and/or can induce carry-over effects on
vigor and node fruitfulness as shown in the two case studies reported in this work.
Material and methods- Two ED experiments were set up at a commercial vineyard located in the Lisbon
winegrowing region with the varieties Aragonez, syn. Tempranillo (2013-2015) and Semillon (2018). In
both experiments the ED treatment was compared with the non-defoliated (ND; control) using a
randomized complete block design with 4 replicates per treatment. The ED treatment consisted of the
removal of 5-6 basal leaves and any laterals at pre-flowering. Vegetative (leaf area and pruning weight)
and reproductive components (%fruit-set, cluster number, cluster weight, yield) and berry composition
were assessedinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Deficit irrigation in Mediterranean environment. What lessons have we learnt from grapevine studies ?
Libro de Actas - X Simposium Hispano PortuguĂȘs de Relaciones Hidricas, 2010Deficit irrigation techniques, implying that water is supplied at levels below full crop evapotranspiration
throughout the growing season or in specific phenological stages, such as regulated deficit irrigation
(RDI) or partial root drying (PRD), emerged as potential strategies to increase water savings with
marginal decreases of yield and likely positive impact on fruit quality. Understanding the physiological
and molecular bases for plant responses to mild to moderate water deficits is of utmost importance to
modulate the appropriate balance between vegetative and reproductive development, to improve crop
water-use efficiency and to control fruit quality. It is acknowledged that the timing and intensity of the
response to soil and atmospheric water deficits, namely in what concerns stomatal control, depends
greatly on the genotype. This has profound implications in irrigation management, in particular the
timing and amount of irrigation to optimize source-sink relationships and achieve optimal fruit quality in
each variety. Mild water deficits also exert direct and/or indirect (via the light environment in the cluster
zone) effects on berry development and composition. A current research challenge is determining how
the environment, in particular water deficits, regulates genes and proteins of the various metabolic
pathways responsible for berry composition and therefore for wine qualit
Deficit irrigation in Mediterranean vineyards - a tool to increase water use efficiency and to control grapevine and berry growth
IHC - IS Viti&Climate: Effect of Climate Change on Production and Quality of Grapevines and their Products, 28 th, 2012Water is increasingly scarce in Mediterranean Europe and irrigated agriculture
is one of the largest and most inefficient users of this natural resource.
Ecological topics such as the âwater foot printâ have become more relevant for the
academy, consumers, governments and food industry. The wine sector needs solutions
to improve its economical and environmental sustainability. Agronomical solutions,
such as deficit irrigation (water supply below full crop evapotranspiration) have
emerged as a tool for more efficient water use in irrigated viticulture and with likely
positive effects on berry quality. Improving our understanding on the physiological
and molecular basis of grapevine responses to water stress is an important task for
research on irrigated viticulture. Better knowledge of the different genotypic
responses (e.g., leaf gas exchange) to water stress can help to optimize crop/soil
management and improve yield as well as berry quality traits under unfavourable
climate conditions. Mild water deficits have direct and/or indirect (via the light
environment in the cluster zone) effects on berry growth and composition. Another
important challenge is to determine how soil water deficit regulate genes and proteins
of the various metabolic pathways influencing berry composition and consequently
wine quality
Characterizing the target selection pipeline for the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument Bright Galaxy Survey
We present the steps taken to produce a reliable and complete input galaxy catalogue for the Dark Energy Spectroscopic
Instrument (DESI) Bright Galaxy Survey (BGS) using the photometric Legacy Survey DR8 DECam. We analyse some of the
main issues faced in the selection of targets for the DESI BGS, such as starâgalaxy separation, contamination by fragmented
stars and bright galaxies. Our pipeline utilizes a new way to select BGS galaxies using Gaia photometry and we implement
geometrical and photometric masks that reduce the number of spurious objects. The resulting catalogue is cross-matched with
the Galaxy And Mass Assembly (GAMA) survey to assess the completeness of the galaxy catalogue and the performance of
the target selection. We also validate the clustering of the sources in our BGS catalogue by comparing with mock catalogues
and the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) data. Finally, the robustness of the BGS selection criteria is assessed by quantifying
the dependence of the target galaxy density on imaging and other properties. The largest systematic correlation we find is a
7 per cent suppression of the target density in regions of high stellar density
The Fourteenth Data Release of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey: First Spectroscopic Data from the extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey and from the second phase of the Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment
The fourth generation of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS-IV) has been in
operation since July 2014. This paper describes the second data release from
this phase, and the fourteenth from SDSS overall (making this, Data Release
Fourteen or DR14). This release makes public data taken by SDSS-IV in its first
two years of operation (July 2014-2016). Like all previous SDSS releases, DR14
is cumulative, including the most recent reductions and calibrations of all
data taken by SDSS since the first phase began operations in 2000. New in DR14
is the first public release of data from the extended Baryon Oscillation
Spectroscopic Survey (eBOSS); the first data from the second phase of the
Apache Point Observatory (APO) Galactic Evolution Experiment (APOGEE-2),
including stellar parameter estimates from an innovative data driven machine
learning algorithm known as "The Cannon"; and almost twice as many data cubes
from the Mapping Nearby Galaxies at APO (MaNGA) survey as were in the previous
release (N = 2812 in total). This paper describes the location and format of
the publicly available data from SDSS-IV surveys. We provide references to the
important technical papers describing how these data have been taken (both
targeting and observation details) and processed for scientific use. The SDSS
website (www.sdss.org) has been updated for this release, and provides links to
data downloads, as well as tutorials and examples of data use. SDSS-IV is
planning to continue to collect astronomical data until 2020, and will be
followed by SDSS-V.Comment: SDSS-IV collaboration alphabetical author data release paper. DR14
happened on 31st July 2017. 19 pages, 5 figures. Accepted by ApJS on 28th Nov
2017 (this is the "post-print" and "post-proofs" version; minor corrections
only from v1, and most of errors found in proofs corrected
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