743 research outputs found
1,2-Bis(2-chloroÂbenzylÂidene)hydrazine
The title Schiff base compound, C14H10Cl2N2, crystallizes with one half-molÂecule in the asymmetric unit. The mid-point of the NâN bond [1.418â
(3)â
Ă
] lies on an inversion centre. The molÂecular skeleton is approximately planar, the largest deviation from the mean plane being 0.143â
(4)â
Ă
for the N-bonded C atom. The crystal packing exhibits no classical interÂmolecular hydrogen bonds
(E)-4-(5-HydrÂoxy-2-methylÂbenzylÂideneÂamino)-1,5-dimethyl-2-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-3(2H)-one
The title compound, C19H19N3O2, is a Schiff base compound derived from 4-aminoÂantiÂpyrine and 5-hydrÂoxy-2-methylÂbenzaldehyde. The molÂecule adopts a trans configuration about the central C=N bond. There is an intraÂmolecular OâHâŻN hydrogen bond. Futhermore, weak CâHâŻO hydrogen bonds lead to the formation of a chain developing parallel to the b axis
C/EBP-Îą, involvement of a novel transcription factor in leptin-induced VCAM-1 production in mouse chondrocytes
AbstractLeptin and vascular cell adhesion molecules-1 (VCAM-1) are two important mediators in obesity-related osteoarthritis, while the molecular mechanism linking leptin to VCAM-1 production is still obscure. Here we show that leptin upregulates VCAM-1 mRNA and protein levels in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Mechanistically, leptin induces VCAM-1 promoter activity by increasing the expression of C/EBP-Îą and facilitating its binding to a newly identified element in the VCAM-1 gene. Gain or loss of function studies reveal a regulatory role of C/EBP-Îą on VCAM-1 expression. Finally, elevated plasma leptin level correlates to increased C/EBP-Îą and VCAM-1 production in chondrocytes from obese mice
Exercise intervention improves mitochondrial quality in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease zebrafish
IntroductionRecent reports indicate that mitochondrial quality decreases during non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) progression, and targeting the mitochondria may be a possible treatment for NAFLD. Exercise can effectively slow NAFLD progression or treat NAFLD. However, the effect of exercise on mitochondrial quality in NAFLD has not yet been established.MethodsIn the present study, we fed zebrafish a high-fat diet to model NAFLD, and subjected the zebrafish to swimming exercise.ResultsAfter 12 weeks, swimming exercise significantly reduced high-fat diet-induced liver injury, and reduced inflammation and fibrosis markers. Swimming exercise improved mitochondrial morphology and dynamics, inducing upregulation of optic atrophy 1(OPA1), dynamin related protein 1 (DRP1), and mitofusin 2 (MFN2) protein expression. Swimming exercise also activated mitochondrial biogenesis via the sirtuin 1 (SIRT1)/ AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/ PPARgamma coactivator 1 alpha (PGC1Îą) pathway, and improved the mRNA expression of genes related to mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation and oxidative phosphorylation. Furthermore, we find that mitophagy was suppressed in NAFLD zebrafish liver with the decreased numbers of mitophagosomes, the inhibition of PTEN-induced kinase 1 (PINK1) â parkin RBR E3 ubiquitin protein ligase (PARKIN) pathway and upregulation of sequestosome 1 (P62) expression. Notably, swimming exercise partially recovered number of mitophagosomes, which was associated with upregulated PARKIN expression and decreased p62 expression.DiscussionThese results demonstrate that swimming exercise could alleviate the effects of NAFLD on the mitochondria, suggesting that exercise may be beneficial for treating NAFLD
A simulation study on the measurement of D0-D0bar mixing parameter y at BES-III
We established a method on measuring the \dzdzb mixing parameter for
BESIII experiment at the BEPCII collider. In this method, the doubly
tagged events, with one decays to
CP-eigenstates and the other decays semileptonically, are used to
reconstruct the signals. Since this analysis requires good separation,
a likelihood approach, which combines the , time of flight and the
electromagnetic shower detectors information, is used for particle
identification. We estimate the sensitivity of the measurement of to be
0.007 based on a fully simulated MC sample.Comment: 6 pages, 7 figure
Discovery and Genomic Characterization of Noroviruses from a Gastroenteritis Outbreak in Domestic Cats in the US
Norovirus (NoV) RNA was detected in the stools of 6 out 14 (42.8%) 8â12-week-old cats with enteritis from a feline shelter, in New York State. Upon sequence analysis of the complete capsid, the six NoVs were found to be identical, suggesting the spread of a unique NoV strain in the shelter. The full-length genomic sequence (7839 nt) of one feline NoV, CU081210E/2010/US, was determined. In the capsid protein VP1 region, the virus displayed the highest amino acid identity to animal genogroup IV genotype 2 (GIV.2) NoVs: lion/Pistoia-387/06/IT (97.9%) and dog/Bari-170/07/IT (90.4%). These findings document the discovery of a novel feline calicivirus, different from vesiviruses, and extend the spectrum of NoV host range. Epidemiological studies using feline NoV-specific diagnostic tools and experimental infection of cats are required to understand whether NoVs have a pathogenic role in this species
AST1306, A Novel Irreversible Inhibitor of the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 1 and 2, Exhibits Antitumor Activity Both In Vitro and In Vivo
Despite the initial response to the reversible, ATP-competitive quinazoline inhibitors that target ErbB-family, such a subset of cancer patients almost invariably develop resistance. Recent studies have provided compelling evidence that irreversible ErbB inhibitors have the potential to override this resistance. Here, we found that AST1306, a novel anilino-quinazoline compound, inhibited the enzymatic activities of wild-type epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and ErbB2 as well as EGFR resistant mutant in both cell-free and cell-based systems. Importantly, AST1306 functions as an irreversible inhibitor, most likely through covalent interaction with Cys797 and Cys805 in the catalytic domains of EGFR and ErbB2, respectively. Further studies showed that AST1306 inactivated pathways downstream of these receptors and thereby inhibited the proliferation of a panel of cancer cell lines. Although the activities of EGFR and ErbB2 were similarly sensitive to AST1306, ErbB2-overexpressing cell lines consistently exhibited more sensitivity to AST1306 antiproliferative effects. Consistent with this, knockdown of ErbB2, but not EGFR, decreased the sensitivity of SK-OV-3 cells to AST1306. In vivo, AST1306 potently suppressed tumor growth in ErbB2-overexpressing adenocarcinoma xenograft and FVB-2/Nneu transgenic breast cancer mouse models, but weakly inhibited the growth of EGFR-overexpressing tumor xenografts. Tumor growth inhibition induced by a single dose of AST1306 in the SK-OV-3 xenograft model was accompanied by a rapid (within 2 h) and sustained (âĽ24 h) inhibition of both EGFR and ErbB2, consistent with an irreversible inhibition mechanism. Taken together, these results establish AST1306 as a selective, irreversible ErbB2 and EGFR inhibitor whose growth-inhibitory effects are more potent in ErbB2-overexpressing cells
Performance of CMS muon reconstruction in pp collision events at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV
The performance of muon reconstruction, identification, and triggering in CMS
has been studied using 40 inverse picobarns of data collected in pp collisions
at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV at the LHC in 2010. A few benchmark sets of selection
criteria covering a wide range of physics analysis needs have been examined.
For all considered selections, the efficiency to reconstruct and identify a
muon with a transverse momentum pT larger than a few GeV is above 95% over the
whole region of pseudorapidity covered by the CMS muon system, abs(eta) < 2.4,
while the probability to misidentify a hadron as a muon is well below 1%. The
efficiency to trigger on single muons with pT above a few GeV is higher than
90% over the full eta range, and typically substantially better. The overall
momentum scale is measured to a precision of 0.2% with muons from Z decays. The
transverse momentum resolution varies from 1% to 6% depending on pseudorapidity
for muons with pT below 100 GeV and, using cosmic rays, it is shown to be
better than 10% in the central region up to pT = 1 TeV. Observed distributions
of all quantities are well reproduced by the Monte Carlo simulation.Comment: Replaced with published version. Added journal reference and DO
Performance of CMS muon reconstruction in pp collision events at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV
The performance of muon reconstruction, identification, and triggering in CMS
has been studied using 40 inverse picobarns of data collected in pp collisions
at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV at the LHC in 2010. A few benchmark sets of selection
criteria covering a wide range of physics analysis needs have been examined.
For all considered selections, the efficiency to reconstruct and identify a
muon with a transverse momentum pT larger than a few GeV is above 95% over the
whole region of pseudorapidity covered by the CMS muon system, abs(eta) < 2.4,
while the probability to misidentify a hadron as a muon is well below 1%. The
efficiency to trigger on single muons with pT above a few GeV is higher than
90% over the full eta range, and typically substantially better. The overall
momentum scale is measured to a precision of 0.2% with muons from Z decays. The
transverse momentum resolution varies from 1% to 6% depending on pseudorapidity
for muons with pT below 100 GeV and, using cosmic rays, it is shown to be
better than 10% in the central region up to pT = 1 TeV. Observed distributions
of all quantities are well reproduced by the Monte Carlo simulation.Comment: Replaced with published version. Added journal reference and DO
X-ray emission from the Sombrero galaxy: discrete sources
We present a study of discrete X-ray sources in and around the
bulge-dominated, massive Sa galaxy, Sombrero (M104), based on new and archival
Chandra observations with a total exposure of ~200 ks. With a detection limit
of L_X = 1E37 erg/s and a field of view covering a galactocentric radius of ~30
kpc (11.5 arcminute), 383 sources are detected. Cross-correlation with Spitler
et al.'s catalogue of Sombrero globular clusters (GCs) identified from HST/ACS
observations reveals 41 X-rays sources in GCs, presumably low-mass X-ray
binaries (LMXBs). We quantify the differential luminosity functions (LFs) for
both the detected GC and field LMXBs, whose power-low indices (~1.1 for the
GC-LF and ~1.6 for field-LF) are consistent with previous studies for
elliptical galaxies. With precise sky positions of the GCs without a detected
X-ray source, we further quantify, through a fluctuation analysis, the GC LF at
fainter luminosities down to 1E35 erg/s. The derived index rules out a
faint-end slope flatter than 1.1 at a 2 sigma significance, contrary to recent
findings in several elliptical galaxies and the bulge of M31. On the other
hand, the 2-6 keV unresolved emission places a tight constraint on the field
LF, implying a flattened index of ~1.0 below 1E37 erg/s. We also detect 101
sources in the halo of Sombrero. The presence of these sources cannot be
interpreted as galactic LMXBs whose spatial distribution empirically follows
the starlight. Their number is also higher than the expected number of cosmic
AGNs (52+/-11 [1 sigma]) whose surface density is constrained by deep X-ray
surveys. We suggest that either the cosmic X-ray background is unusually high
in the direction of Sombrero, or a distinct population of X-ray sources is
present in the halo of Sombrero.Comment: 11 figures, 5 tables, ApJ in pres
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