28 research outputs found
Registro Latino-Americano de Cardiodesfibriladores do ICD Registry: Aspectos Demográficos
Apresenta-se pela primeira vez na literatura mundial uma avaliaçao do acompanhamento de pacientes que receberam implante de cardiodesfibriladores na América Latina (ICD Registry - Medtronic Latin America). O registro é de vital importância para orientar condutas em cardiopatias de diferentes etiologias, tais como doença de Chagas, miocardiopatia dilatada idiopática e coronariopatias. As informaçoes sao específicas de um grupo de 910 pacientes que compoem o banco de dados deste estudo multicêntrico. A ênfase recai nos aspectos demográficos, uma vez que o estudo refere-se a países com realidades muito distintas e em que há importantes variaçoes etiológicas. A análise de uma série de parâmetros poderá servir de orientaçao para aqueles que trabalham na área, além de proporcionar a análise estatística entre os tipos de prevençao (primária e secundária) para diferentes etiologias, seguindo um protocolo rigoroso e estabelecido previamente
Registro Latino-Americano de Cardiodesfibriladores do ICD Registry: Aspectos Demográficos
Apresenta-se pela primeira vez na literatura mundial uma avaliaçao do acompanhamento de pacientes que receberam implante de cardiodesfibriladores na América Latina (ICD Registry - Medtronic Latin America). O registro é de vital importância para orientar condutas em cardiopatias de diferentes etiologias, tais como doença de Chagas, miocardiopatia dilatada idiopática e coronariopatias. As informaçoes sao específicas de um grupo de 910 pacientes que compoem o banco de dados deste estudo multicêntrico. A ênfase recai nos aspectos demográficos, uma vez que o estudo refere-se a países com realidades muito distintas e em que há importantes variaçoes etiológicas. A análise de uma série de parâmetros poderá servir de orientaçao para aqueles que trabalham na área, além de proporcionar a análise estatística entre os tipos de prevençao (primária e secundária) para diferentes etiologias, seguindo um protocolo rigoroso e estabelecido previamente
Measurement of the cosmic ray spectrum above eV using inclined events detected with the Pierre Auger Observatory
A measurement of the cosmic-ray spectrum for energies exceeding
eV is presented, which is based on the analysis of showers
with zenith angles greater than detected with the Pierre Auger
Observatory between 1 January 2004 and 31 December 2013. The measured spectrum
confirms a flux suppression at the highest energies. Above
eV, the "ankle", the flux can be described by a power law with
index followed by
a smooth suppression region. For the energy () at which the
spectral flux has fallen to one-half of its extrapolated value in the absence
of suppression, we find
eV.Comment: Replaced with published version. Added journal reference and DO
Energy Estimation of Cosmic Rays with the Engineering Radio Array of the Pierre Auger Observatory
The Auger Engineering Radio Array (AERA) is part of the Pierre Auger
Observatory and is used to detect the radio emission of cosmic-ray air showers.
These observations are compared to the data of the surface detector stations of
the Observatory, which provide well-calibrated information on the cosmic-ray
energies and arrival directions. The response of the radio stations in the 30
to 80 MHz regime has been thoroughly calibrated to enable the reconstruction of
the incoming electric field. For the latter, the energy deposit per area is
determined from the radio pulses at each observer position and is interpolated
using a two-dimensional function that takes into account signal asymmetries due
to interference between the geomagnetic and charge-excess emission components.
The spatial integral over the signal distribution gives a direct measurement of
the energy transferred from the primary cosmic ray into radio emission in the
AERA frequency range. We measure 15.8 MeV of radiation energy for a 1 EeV air
shower arriving perpendicularly to the geomagnetic field. This radiation energy
-- corrected for geometrical effects -- is used as a cosmic-ray energy
estimator. Performing an absolute energy calibration against the
surface-detector information, we observe that this radio-energy estimator
scales quadratically with the cosmic-ray energy as expected for coherent
emission. We find an energy resolution of the radio reconstruction of 22% for
the data set and 17% for a high-quality subset containing only events with at
least five radio stations with signal.Comment: Replaced with published version. Added journal reference and DO
Measurement of the Radiation Energy in the Radio Signal of Extensive Air Showers as a Universal Estimator of Cosmic-Ray Energy
We measure the energy emitted by extensive air showers in the form of radio
emission in the frequency range from 30 to 80 MHz. Exploiting the accurate
energy scale of the Pierre Auger Observatory, we obtain a radiation energy of
15.8 \pm 0.7 (stat) \pm 6.7 (sys) MeV for cosmic rays with an energy of 1 EeV
arriving perpendicularly to a geomagnetic field of 0.24 G, scaling
quadratically with the cosmic-ray energy. A comparison with predictions from
state-of-the-art first-principle calculations shows agreement with our
measurement. The radiation energy provides direct access to the calorimetric
energy in the electromagnetic cascade of extensive air showers. Comparison with
our result thus allows the direct calibration of any cosmic-ray radio detector
against the well-established energy scale of the Pierre Auger Observatory.Comment: Replaced with published version. Added journal reference and DOI.
Supplemental material in the ancillary file
Käytännön kosteikkosuunnittelu
Maatalouden vesiensuojelua edistetään monin tavoin. Ravinteita ja eroosioainesta sisältäviä valumavesiä pyritään puhdistamaan erilaisissa kosteikoissa. Tämä opas on kirjoitettu avuksi pienimuotoisten kosteikkojen perustamiseen. Oppaassa esitetään käytännönläheisesti kosteikon toteuttamisen eri vaiheet paikan valinnasta suunnitteluun ja rakentamiseen. Vuonna 2010 julkaistun painoksen tiedot on saatettu ajantasalle.
Julkaisu on toteutettu osana Tehoa maatalouden vesiensuojeluun (TEHO) -hanketta ja päivitetty TEHO Plus -hankkeen toimesta. Oppaan toivotaan lisäävän kiinnostusta kosteikkojen suunnitteluun ja edelleen niiden rakentamiseen
Number of Hajj Pilgrims Departured(1) to the Holyland of Mecca by Province, 2012–2015
The azimuthal asymmetry in the risetime of signals in Auger surface detector stations is a source of information on shower development. The azimuthal asymmetry is due to a combination of the longitudinal evolution of the shower and geometrical effects related to the angles of incidence of the particles into the detectors. The magnitude of the effect depends upon the zenith angle and state of development of the shower and thus provides a novel observable, (secθ)max, sensitive to the mass composition of cosmic rays above 3×1018 eV. By comparing measurements with predictions from shower simulations, we find for both of our adopted models of hadronic physics (QGSJETII-04 and EPOS-LHC) an indication that the mean cosmic-ray mass increases slowly with energy, as has been inferred from other studies. However, the mass estimates are dependent on the shower model and on the range of distance from the shower core selected. Thus the method has uncovered further deficiencies in our understanding of shower modeling that must be resolved before the mass composition can be inferred from (secθ)max