Investigating the career choice intentions of students with family business backgrounds: the portuguese case

This work’s main objective is to analyze the career intentions of Portuguese university students who have a family business has a background. This study is relevant in Portugal since the vast majority of Portuguese companies are a family business or started out as one. We ran a survey to Portuguese college students who have not started their professional career yet and who have a family business background. We studied some of their personal characteristics as well as some possible professional motivations such as the independence or innovation motive, when it comes to choosing a career path. We analyzed their preferences between the 3 possible choices: be a founder, be a successor or being an employee. In this order and according to the characteristics under analysis. The study revealed that, besides the fact that their characteristics pointed in other direction, our sample in its majority prefers to become an employee than a founder or a successor.Este trabalho tem como principal objetivo o estudo das intenções de carreira dos estudantes universitários portugueses que estão inseridos num contexto de negócio de família. Este é um estudo relevante em Portugal, dado que a maioria das empresas portuguesas são empresas familiares, ou a sua génese ocorreu num contexto familiar. Procedemos então a um inquérito a estudantes universitários portugueses que ainda não iniciariam a sua atividade profissional e cuja família é parte integrante de um negócio familiar. Posto isto, estudamos algumas das suas características pessoais e possíveis motivações profissionais, como o motivo da inovação ou da independência, aquando da escolha de uma carreira. Analisámos as suas preferências entre as 3 escolhas possíveis: ser empreendedor, ser sucessor do negócio de família ou ser empregado por conta de outrem. Por esta ordem e de acordo com as características em análise. O estudo revelou que, apesar das suas características pessoais indicarem na direção oposta, a nossa amostra prefere na sua maior parte, ser empregado por conta de outrem do que um empreendedor ou um sucessor

Influenza severe cases in hospitals, between 2014 and 2016 in Portugal

Rede Portuguesa de Laboratórios para o Diagnóstico da GripeBackground: Since 2009, the Portuguese Laboratory Network (PLNID) for Influenza Diagnosis has integrated 15 Laboratories in mainland and Atlantic Islands of Azores and Madeira. This PLNID added an important contribute to the National Influenza Surveillance Program regarding severe and hospitalized influenza cases. The present study aims to describe influenza viruses detected in influenza like illness (ILI) cases: outpatients (Outp), hospitalized (Hosp), and intensive care units (ICU), between 2014 and 2016. Methods: The PLNID performs influenza virus diagnosis by biomolecular methodologies. Weekly reports to the National Influenza Reference Laboratory ILI cases tested for influenza. Reports include data on detecting viruses, hospital assistance, antiviral therapeutics, and information on death outcome. Were reported during two winter seasons 8059 ILI cases,being 3560 cases in 2014/15 (1024 in Outp, 1750 Hosp, and 606 in ICU) and 4499 cases in 2015/2016 (1933 in Outp, 1826 Hosp, and 740 in ICU). Results: The higher percentage of influenza positive cases were detected in Outp in both seasons, 18% during 2014/15 and 20% in 2015/16. In 2014/15,influenza cases were more frequent in individuals older than 65 years old and these required more hospitalizations,even in ICU. In 2015/16,the influenza cases were mainly detected in individuals between 15-64 years old. A higher proportion of influenza positive cases with hospitalization in ICU were observed in adults between 45-64 years old.During the study period,the predominant circulating influenza viruses were different in the two seasons: influenza B and A(H3) co-circulated in 2014/15,and influenza A(H1)pdm09 was predominant during 2015/16. Even when influenza A is notthe dominant virus, A(H3) and A(H1)pdm09 subtypes correlate with higher detection rate in hospitalized cases (Hosp and UCI), with higher frequencies in adults older than 45. Influenza B,detected in higher proportion in outpatients, was frequently relatedwith influenza cases in younger age groups: 0-4 and 5-14 years old. Conclusions: This study highlights the correlation of theinfluenza virus type/subtype that circulates in each season with the possible need for hospitalization and intensive care in special groups of the population. Circulation of influenza A subtypes can cause more frequentdisease in individuals older than 45, with need of hospitalization including intensive care. On the other hand, influenza B is more frequently associated with less severe cases and with infection in children and younger adults. Influenza B circulation might predict lower number of hospitalizations.The identification of influenza type in circulation,byPLNID ineach season, could guide action planning measures in population health care.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Artistas sobre outras obras

Este número da Revista Estúdio assinala a crescente maturação de um espaço de comunicação algo alternativo, onde artistas falam de artistas, dão a conhecer obras menos conhecidas, e ocupam uma área de curadoria expontânea e paralela aos centros do arte world. Dá-se a palavra aos próprios criadores, e há seis anos que o seu olhar vem enriquecendo um património crescente, com especiais ligações aos países onde se fala as línguas ibéricas. A presença de obras de Portugal, Espanha, Brasil, Angola, Argentina, Perú, Venezuela, Bolívia e muitos outros países tornou-se habitual, fazendo da Estúdio uma instância da semiosfera (Lotman). Mais do que a presença, é a dimensão do conhecimento transmitido, a que se segue, naturalmente, o estabelecimento de novas teias de referência entre os artistas destes países: há novos grupos, novas cumplicidades, novas realizações dentro deste Estúdio, que completa seis anos de publicação persistente. A Revista Estúdio é também mais uma via disponível para o exercício da interpretação, através de descodificações mais informadas, mais negociadas, dos textos artísticos, pois são efectuadas por outros artistas. Reuniram-se nesta edição 24 artigos originais, mantendo a sua linha editorial inicial. O projecto mantém a sua componente de resistência, de plataforma de conhecimento para os pares, não abdicando também da validação externa, ou seja, do uso de protocolos de produção e transmissão de conhecimento. Falamos pois das normas de redação, de referenciação, de estruturação de textos e de articulação de argumentos, visuais ou verbais. Estabelece-se neste volume uma articulação entre cinema, vídeo, redes, escultura, instalação, fotografia, performance, banda desenhada, pintura, cerâmica, poesia concreta, livros de artista, sendo este conjunto não exaustivo testemunha do grau de hibridação que hoje o discurso artístico convoca. Apanhando-lhe o pulso, a Estúdio acompanha a arte desde os seus produtores, dos seus procedimentos, dos seus recursos, dos seus resultados. A Estúdio permite visitar muitos estúdios.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

CENTR(AR): pulmões em andamento: manual de atividade física domiciliário

Sem resumo disponível.publishe

Characterisation of microbial attack on archaeological bone

As part of an EU funded project to investigate the factors influencing bone preservation in the archaeological record, more than 250 bones from 41 archaeological sites in five countries spanning four climatic regions were studied for diagenetic alteration. Sites were selected to cover a range of environmental conditions and archaeological contexts. Microscopic and physical (mercury intrusion porosimetry) analyses of these bones revealed that the majority (68%) had suffered microbial attack. Furthermore, significant differences were found between animal and human bone in both the state of preservation and the type of microbial attack present. These differences in preservation might result from differences in early taphonomy of the bones. © 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved

Global variation in postoperative mortality and complications after cancer surgery: a multicentre, prospective cohort study in 82 countries

© 2021 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 licenseBackground: 80% of individuals with cancer will require a surgical procedure, yet little comparative data exist on early outcomes in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). We compared postoperative outcomes in breast, colorectal, and gastric cancer surgery in hospitals worldwide, focusing on the effect of disease stage and complications on postoperative mortality. Methods: This was a multicentre, international prospective cohort study of consecutive adult patients undergoing surgery for primary breast, colorectal, or gastric cancer requiring a skin incision done under general or neuraxial anaesthesia. The primary outcome was death or major complication within 30 days of surgery. Multilevel logistic regression determined relationships within three-level nested models of patients within hospitals and countries. Hospital-level infrastructure effects were explored with three-way mediation analyses. This study was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03471494. Findings: Between April 1, 2018, and Jan 31, 2019, we enrolled 15 958 patients from 428 hospitals in 82 countries (high income 9106 patients, 31 countries; upper-middle income 2721 patients, 23 countries; or lower-middle income 4131 patients, 28 countries). Patients in LMICs presented with more advanced disease compared with patients in high-income countries. 30-day mortality was higher for gastric cancer in low-income or lower-middle-income countries (adjusted odds ratio 3·72, 95% CI 1·70–8·16) and for colorectal cancer in low-income or lower-middle-income countries (4·59, 2·39–8·80) and upper-middle-income countries (2·06, 1·11–3·83). No difference in 30-day mortality was seen in breast cancer. The proportion of patients who died after a major complication was greatest in low-income or lower-middle-income countries (6·15, 3·26–11·59) and upper-middle-income countries (3·89, 2·08–7·29). Postoperative death after complications was partly explained by patient factors (60%) and partly by hospital or country (40%). The absence of consistently available postoperative care facilities was associated with seven to 10 more deaths per 100 major complications in LMICs. Cancer stage alone explained little of the early variation in mortality or postoperative complications. Interpretation: Higher levels of mortality after cancer surgery in LMICs was not fully explained by later presentation of disease. The capacity to rescue patients from surgical complications is a tangible opportunity for meaningful intervention. Early death after cancer surgery might be reduced by policies focusing on strengthening perioperative care systems to detect and intervene in common complications. Funding: National Institute for Health Research Global Health Research Unit

Effects of hospital facilities on patient outcomes after cancer surgery: an international, prospective, observational study

© 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY 4.0 licenseBackground: Early death after cancer surgery is higher in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) compared with in high-income countries, yet the impact of facility characteristics on early postoperative outcomes is unknown. The aim of this study was to examine the association between hospital infrastructure, resource availability, and processes on early outcomes after cancer surgery worldwide. Methods: A multimethods analysis was performed as part of the GlobalSurg 3 study—a multicentre, international, prospective cohort study of patients who had surgery for breast, colorectal, or gastric cancer. The primary outcomes were 30-day mortality and 30-day major complication rates. Potentially beneficial hospital facilities were identified by variable selection to select those associated with 30-day mortality. Adjusted outcomes were determined using generalised estimating equations to account for patient characteristics and country-income group, with population stratification by hospital. Findings: Between April 1, 2018, and April 23, 2019, facility-level data were collected for 9685 patients across 238 hospitals in 66 countries (91 hospitals in 20 high-income countries; 57 hospitals in 19 upper-middle-income countries; and 90 hospitals in 27 low-income to lower-middle-income countries). The availability of five hospital facilities was inversely associated with mortality: ultrasound, CT scanner, critical care unit, opioid analgesia, and oncologist. After adjustment for case-mix and country income group, hospitals with three or fewer of these facilities (62 hospitals, 1294 patients) had higher mortality compared with those with four or five (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 3·85 [95% CI 2·58–5·75]; p<0·0001), with excess mortality predominantly explained by a limited capacity to rescue following the development of major complications (63·0% vs 82·7%; OR 0·35 [0·23–0·53]; p<0·0001). Across LMICs, improvements in hospital facilities would prevent one to three deaths for every 100 patients undergoing surgery for cancer. Interpretation: Hospitals with higher levels of infrastructure and resources have better outcomes after cancer surgery, independent of country income. Without urgent strengthening of hospital infrastructure and resources, the reductions in cancer-associated mortality associated with improved access will not be realised. Funding: National Institute for Health and Care Research