The Test Your Memory cognitive screening tool: sociodemographic and cardiometabolic risk correlates in a population-based study of older British men.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to examine the association of Test Your Memory (TYM)-defined cognitive impairment groups with known sociodemographic and cardiometabolic correlates of cognitive impairment in a population-based study of older adults. METHODS: Participants were members of the British Regional Heart Study, a cohort across 24 British towns initiated in 1978-1980. Data stemmed from 1570 British men examined in 2010-2012, aged 71-92 years. Sociodemographic and cardiometabolic factors were compared between participants defined as having TYM scores in the normal cognitive ageing, mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and severe cognitive impairment (SCI) groups, defined as ≥46 (45 if ≥80 years of age), ≥33 and <33, respectively. RESULTS: Among 1570 men, 636 (41%) were classified in the MCI and 133 (8%) in the SCI groups. Compared with participants in the normal cognitive ageing category, individuals with SCI were characterized primarily by lower socio-economic position (odds ratio (OR) = 6.15, 95% confidence interval (CI) 4.00-9.46), slower average walking speed (OR = 3.36, 95% CI 2.21-5.10), mobility problems (OR = 4.61, 95% CI 3.04-6.97), poorer self-reported overall health (OR = 2.63, 95% CI 1.79-3.87), obesity (OR = 2.59, 95% CI 1.72-3.91) and impaired lung function (OR = 2.25, 95% CI 1.47-3.45). A similar albeit slightly weaker pattern was observed for participants with MCI. CONCLUSION: Sociodemographic and lifestyle factors as well as adiposity measures, lung function and poor overall health are associated with cognitive impairments in late life. The correlates of cognitive abilities in the MCI and SCI groups, as defined by the TYM, resemble the risk profile for MCI and Alzheimer's disease outlined in current epidemiological models. © 2016 The Authors. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd

Leydig Cell Tumour in a 46,XX Child with Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia due to 21-Hydroxylase Deficiency

Case Report: A 10-year-old male was referred to our institution due to short stature and bilateral cryptorchidism and reported pubic hair development and acne since the age of 4 years. Laboratory and molecular genetic tests indicated congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency. After treatment with prednisone, adrenal hormones normalised but testosterone remained elevated. Magnetic resonance imaging of the abdomen due to cryptorchidism revealed uterus and adnexal attachments, a prostate and poorly defined nodules on the iliac chains. Upon exploratory laparotomy, a hysterectomy, bilateral oophorectomy and resection of a peri-adnexal nodular lesion on the patient's right side were performed. Histopathology of the nodule mass was compatible with a Leydig cell tumour with a low proliferation rate according to Ki67. Copyright (c) 2013 S. Karger AG, Basel79317918

Promoção da saúde no cenário religioso: possibilidades para o cuidado de enfermagem Promoción de la salud en un ambiente religioso: posibilidades para el cuidado de enfermería Health promotion in the religious scenario: opportunities for nursing care

Estudo qualitativo, do tipo documental, desenvolvido no primeiro semestre de 2008, objetivando descrever as práticas de promoção da saúde desenvolvidas no cenário religioso católico em município do interior do Ceará. As informações foram coletadas por meio de entrevistas áudio-gravadas, junto ao sacerdote responsável pela paróquia e a três coordenadores de projetos vinculados à Igreja Católica, selecionados a partir da identificação dos projetos com o pároco. Os resultados apontam que a promoção e educação em saúde estão presentes nas atividades desenvolvidas por voluntários no cenário religioso. A Igreja busca a mudança de atitude e adoção de comportamento saudável dos indivíduos, por meio de ações individuais e coletivas. Urge necessidade da inserção de profissionais de saúde para atuar neste cenário, fortalecendo-o como rede social de apoio, reduzindo gradativamente atividades assistenciais e intensificando aquelas voltadas à promoção da saúde, com apoio da Enfermagem, com vistas a aprimorar o cuidado à saúde neste cenário.<br>Estudio cualitativo, de tipo documental, desarrollado en el primer semestre de 2008, con el objetivo de describir las prácticas de promoción de la salud desarrolladas en un ambiente religioso en municipio del interior de Ceará, Brasil. Las informaciones fueron colectadas por medio de entrevistas audio-grabadas, junto al sacerdote de la parroquia y tres coordinadores de proyectos. Los resultados indican que la promoción y educación en salud están presentes en las actividades desarrolladas por voluntarios en un ambiente religioso. La iglesia busca un cambio de actitud y la adopción de comportamientos saludables de los individuos, por medio de acciones individuales y colectivas. Urge la necesidad de inserción de profesionales de salud para actuar en este ambiente fortaleciéndolo como red social de apoyo, reduciendo actividades asistenciales e intensificando la promoción de la salud, con apoyo de la Enfermería, buscando perfeccionar el cuidado en este ambiente.<br>This was a qualitative study of the documentary type carried out in the first half of 2008, and it aimed to describe the practices of health promotion developed in the religious scenario in a city in the countryside of Ceará, Brazil. Information were collected through audio-taped interviews with the priest in charge of the parish and the three coordinators of projects linked to the Catholic Church, selected by the identification of projects with the priest. The results show that promotion and health education are present in the activities developed by volunteers in the religious scenario. The church seeks to change attitudes and to promote the adoption of healthy behavior by individuals, through individual and collective actions. There is an urgent need to insert healthcare professionals in this scenario, strengthening it as a social support, gradually reducing the assistential activities and intensifying those aimed at health promotion with the support of nursing, in order to improve healthcare in this scenario

Autism spectrum conditons in myotonic dystrophy type 1: A study on 57 individuals with congenital and childhood forms

Myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) is an autosomal dominant disorder, caused by an expansion of a CTG triplet repeat in the DMPK gene. The aims of the present study were to classify a cohort of children with DM1, to describe their neuropsychiatric problems and cognitive level, to estimate the size of the CTG expansion, and to correlate the molecular findings with the neuropsychiatric problems. Fifty-seven children and adolescents (26 females; 31 males) with DM1 (CTG repeats > 40) were included in the study. The following instruments were used: Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised (ADI-R), 5-15, Griffiths Mental Development Scales, and the Wechsler Scales. Based on age at onset and presenting symptoms, the children were divided into four DM1 groups; severe congenital (n = 19), mild congenital (n = 18), childhood (n = 18), and classical DM1 (n = 2). Forty-nine percent had an autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and autistic disorder was the most common diagnosis present in 35% of the subjects. Eighty-six percent of the individuals with DM1 had mental retardation (MR), most of them moderate or severe MR. ASD was significantly correlated with the DM1 form; the more severe the form of DM1, the higher the frequency of ASD. The frequency of ASD increased with increasing CTG repeat expansions. ASD and/or other neuropsychiatric disorders such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and Tourette's disorder were found in 54% of the total DM1. group. In conclusion, awareness of ASD comorbidity in DM1. is essential. Further studies are warranted to elucidate the molecular etiology causing neurodevelopmental symptoms such as ASD and MR in DM1. (c) 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc