Localization and broadband follow-up of the gravitational-wave transient GW150914

A gravitational-wave (GW) transient was identified in data recorded by the Advanced Laser Interferometer Gravitational-wave Observatory (LIGO) detectors on 2015 September 14. The event, initially designated G184098 and later given the name GW150914, is described in detail elsewhere. By prior arrangement, preliminary estimates of the time, significance, and sky location of the event were shared with 63 teams of observers covering radio, optical, near-infrared, X-ray, and gamma-ray wavelengths with ground- and space-based facilities. In this Letter we describe the low-latency analysis of the GW data and present the sky localization of the first observed compact binary merger. We summarize the follow-up observations reported by 25 teams via private Gamma-ray Coordinates Network circulars, giving an overview of the participating facilities, the GW sky localization coverage, the timeline, and depth of the observations. As this event turned out to be a binary black hole merger, there is little expectation of a detectable electromagnetic (EM) signature. Nevertheless, this first broadband campaign to search for a counterpart of an Advanced LIGO source represents a milestone and highlights the broad capabilities of the transient astronomy community and the observing strategies that have been developed to pursue neutron star binary merger events. Detailed investigations of the EM data and results of the EM follow-up campaign are being disseminated in papers by the individual teams

Localization and broadband follow-up of the gravitational-wave transient GW150914

A gravitational-wave transient was identified in data recorded by the Advanced LIGO detectors on 2015 September 14. The event candidate, initially designated G184098 and later given the name GW150914, is described in detail elsewhere. By prior arrangement, preliminary estimates of the time, significance, and sky location of the event were shared with 63 teams of observers covering radio, optical, near-infrared, X-ray, and gamma-ray wavelengths with ground- and space-based facilities. In this Letter we describe the low-latency analysis of the gravitational wave data and present the sky localization of the first observed compact binary merger. We summarize the follow-up observations reported by 25 teams via private Gamma-ray Coordinates Network Circulars, giving an overview of the participating facilities, the gravitational wave sky localization coverage, the timeline and depth of the observations. As this event turned out to be a binary black hole merger, there is little expectation of a detectable electromagnetic signature. Nevertheless, this first broadband campaign to search for a counterpart of an Advanced LIGO source represents a milestone and highlights the broad capabilities of the transient astronomy community and the observing strategies that have been developed to pursue neutron star binary merger events. Detailed investigations of the electromagnetic data and results of the electromagnetic follow-up campaign will be disseminated in the papers of the individual teams

Cellular reprogramming of diabetic foot ulcer fibroblasts triggers pro‐healing miRNA‐mediated epigenetic signature

Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs), a prevalent complication of diabetes, constitute a major medical challenge with a critical need for development of cell‐based therapies. We previously generated induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from dermal fibroblasts derived from the DFU patients, location‐matched skin of diabetic patients and normal healthy donors and re‐differentiated them into fibroblasts. To assess the epigenetic microRNA (miR) regulated changes triggered by cellular reprogramming, we performed miRs expression profiling. We found let‐7c, miR‐26b‐5p, −29c‐3p, −148a‐3p, −196a‐5p, −199b‐5p and −374a‐5p suppressed in iPSC‐derived fibroblasts in vitro and in 3D dermis‐like self‐assembly tissue, whereas their corresponding targets involved in cellular migration were upregulated. Moreover, targets involved in organization of extracellular matrix were induced after fibroblast reprogramming. PLAT gene, the crucial fibrinolysis factor, was upregulated in iPSC‐derived fibroblasts and was confirmed as a direct target of miR‐196a‐5p. miR‐197‐3p and miR‐331‐3p were found upregulated specifically in iPSC‐derived diabetic fibroblasts, while their targets CAV1 and CDKN3 were suppressed. CAV1, an important negative regulator of wound healing, was confirmed as a direct miR‐197‐3p target. Together, our findings demonstrate that iPSC reprogramming is an effective approach for erasing the diabetic non‐healing miR‐mediated epigenetic signature and promoting a pro‐healing cellular phenotype