Ecología política y conflictos socioambientales: Apuestas programáticas de los partidos políticos al interior del Concejo de Neiva sobre la Cuenca del Río Las Ceibas entre 2012- 2018.: Political ecology and socio-environmental conflicts: Programmatic proposals of the political parties within the Council of Neiva on the Las Ceibas River Basin between 2012- 2018.

El presente artículo de proyección social tiene como objetivo analizar las apuestas programáticas que han desarrollado los partidos políticos al interior del Concejo de Neiva entre 2012 y 2018, frente a los conflictos socioambientales en la cuenca hidrográfica del río Las Ceibas. El desarrollo de la investigación se abordó desde el paradigma crítico-descriptivo y la perspectiva politológica de la Ecología política, bajo los postulados de Eduardo Gudynas y Enrique Left, debido a que sus estudios permiten comprender cómo las decisiones políticas inciden en el entorno ambiental y determinan los comportamientos, posturas, roles, proyectos y gestiones que desempeñan los entes gubernamentales en la construcción de las agendas ambientales. A partir de ello se evidenció que, pese a que en la corporación municipal se discutieron asuntos relacionados con el ambiente, no trascendieron en priorizar una agenda encaminada a proyectos que garanticen la preservación de los recursos naturales, situación que responde en parte a que la discusión sobre la ecología carece de sustento por la incomprensión de los ecosistemas, los recursos naturales y los argumentos científicos

Mortality and pulmonary complications in patients undergoing surgery with perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection: an international cohort study

Background: The impact of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) on postoperative recovery needs to be understood to inform clinical decision making during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. This study reports 30-day mortality and pulmonary complication rates in patients with perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection. Methods: This international, multicentre, cohort study at 235 hospitals in 24 countries included all patients undergoing surgery who had SARS-CoV-2 infection confirmed within 7 days before or 30 days after surgery. The primary outcome measure was 30-day postoperative mortality and was assessed in all enrolled patients. The main secondary outcome measure was pulmonary complications, defined as pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, or unexpected postoperative ventilation. Findings: This analysis includes 1128 patients who had surgery between Jan 1 and March 31, 2020, of whom 835 (74·0%) had emergency surgery and 280 (24·8%) had elective surgery. SARS-CoV-2 infection was confirmed preoperatively in 294 (26·1%) patients. 30-day mortality was 23·8% (268 of 1128). Pulmonary complications occurred in 577 (51·2%) of 1128 patients; 30-day mortality in these patients was 38·0% (219 of 577), accounting for 81·7% (219 of 268) of all deaths. In adjusted analyses, 30-day mortality was associated with male sex (odds ratio 1·75 [95% CI 1·28–2·40], p\textless0·0001), age 70 years or older versus younger than 70 years (2·30 [1·65–3·22], p\textless0·0001), American Society of Anesthesiologists grades 3–5 versus grades 1–2 (2·35 [1·57–3·53], p\textless0·0001), malignant versus benign or obstetric diagnosis (1·55 [1·01–2·39], p=0·046), emergency versus elective surgery (1·67 [1·06–2·63], p=0·026), and major versus minor surgery (1·52 [1·01–2·31], p=0·047). Interpretation: Postoperative pulmonary complications occur in half of patients with perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection and are associated with high mortality. Thresholds for surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic should be higher than during normal practice, particularly in men aged 70 years and older. Consideration should be given for postponing non-urgent procedures and promoting non-operative treatment to delay or avoid the need for surgery. Funding: National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), Association of Coloproctology of Great Britain and Ireland, Bowel and Cancer Research, Bowel Disease Research Foundation, Association of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgeons, British Association of Surgical Oncology, British Gynaecological Cancer Society, European Society of Coloproctology, NIHR Academy, Sarcoma UK, Vascular Society for Great Britain and Ireland, and Yorkshire Cancer Research