Terrorismo financiero. El discurso de los mercados en los medios de comunicación

Protagonistas de la actualidad informativa, los denominados mercados han aprovechado el deterioro de las instituciones democráticas para dictar las políticas públicas que afectan al conjunto de la ciudadanía. Bancos, inversores o agencias de valoración se difuminan tras un concepto que les permite acudir a la opinión pública con un discurso repleto de rumores y especulaciones que, bajo la apariencia de previsiones, garantizan la implementación de un modelo neoliberal. La información, lejos de permitir una adecuada comprensión del sistema financiero, se convierte en el instrumento de unos actores cuya estrategias, destinadas a extender el miedo y la alarma en la sociedad y a subvertir el orden democrático, los convierte en legítimos propietarios de una nueva concepción de terrorismoThe so-called markets, as the current news main character, have taken advantage of democratic institucions’ damage in order to set up the public policies for the whole citizenship. Banks, investors and rating agencies are disguised under a concept which enable them to provide to the public opinion a discourse full of rumours and speculations. As long as they are presented as forecasts, these actors manage to implement the neoliberal model. Information, instead of providing a accuracy knowledge of the financial system, becomes markets suitable tool, in order to spread fear and alarm within society and to subvert democratic order. This strategy turn markets into the legitimate owners of a new meaning of terrorism

Los medios ante las catástrofes y crisis humanitarias: propuestas para una función social del periodismo

Los medios de comunicación deben desempeñar una función social, al servicio del público al que se dirigen. Esta labor es especialmente importante ante determinados acontecimientos de gran impacto social, como las catástrofes y las crisis humanitarias. En este estudio se llevó a cabo un análisis de códigos deontológicos, libros de estilo y otras herramientas de autorregulación, sin que hallaran recomendaciones específicas para la cobertura adecuada de estas situaciones. Un análisis complementario de documentos procedentes de organizaciones profesionales, académicas y sociales permitió encontrar algunas sugerencias dispersas que sirven a los autores de punto de partida para elaborar un catálogo de propuestas orientadas a garantizar una adecuada cobertura de las catástrofes y crisis humanitarias. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- The media plays an important role in relation to public service. As a result, it faces a great need for information regulation, especially in relation to major events, such as disasters and humanitarian crises. The media, however, does appear committed to solving problems related to their coverage of highly sensitive topics and events. For this study, we analysed newsroom codes of conducts, stylebooks, and other tools of self-regulation, noting the absence of specific recommendations for properly following reporting etiquette in these types of scenarios. Furthermore, an additional study of documents from professional, academic and social organizations showed fragmented and unfocused recommendations for proper etiquette when reporting on sensitive situations. We used these fragments as a starting point to develop a compendium of proposals to help instill the social function of journalism when reporting on disasters and humanitarian crises

Relaciones públicas 2.0 ¿De qué hablamos realmente? Un acercamiento conceptual y estratégico

En el presente trabajo pretendemos acercase a la realidad de las RRPP 2.0, a las RRPP del siglo XXI, describiendo cómo son; qué técnicas y tácticas emplean; cómo deben ser los profesionales que la desarrollen; y definiendo qué las hace diferentes de las RRPP tradicionales

Critical behavior of weakly-disordered anisotropic systems in two dimensions

The critical behavior of two-dimensional (2D) anisotropic systems with weak quenched disorder described by the so-called generalized Ashkin-Teller model (GATM) is studied. In the critical region this model is shown to be described by a multifermion field theory similar to the Gross-Neveu model with a few independent quartic coupling constants. Renormalization group calculations are used to obtain the temperature dependence near the critical point of some thermodynamic quantities and the large distance behavior of the two-spin correlation function. The equation of state at criticality is also obtained in this framework. We find that random models described by the GATM belong to the same universality class as that of the two-dimensional Ising model. The critical exponent $\nu$ of the correlation length for the 3- and 4-state random-bond Potts models is also calculated in a 3-loop approximation. We show that this exponent is given by an apparently convergent series in $\epsilon=c-\frac{1}{2}$ (with $c$ the central charge of the Potts model) and that the numerical values of $\nu$ are very close to that of the 2D Ising model. This work therefore supports the conjecture (valid only approximately for the 3- and 4-state Potts models) of a superuniversality for the 2D disordered models with discrete symmetries.Comment: REVTeX, 24 pages, to appear in Phys.Rev.

Hyperoxemia and excess oxygen use in early acute respiratory distress syndrome : Insights from the LUNG SAFE study

Publisher Copyright: © 2020 The Author(s). Copyright: Copyright 2020 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.Background: Concerns exist regarding the prevalence and impact of unnecessary oxygen use in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). We examined this issue in patients with ARDS enrolled in the Large observational study to UNderstand the Global impact of Severe Acute respiratory FailurE (LUNG SAFE) study. Methods: In this secondary analysis of the LUNG SAFE study, we wished to determine the prevalence and the outcomes associated with hyperoxemia on day 1, sustained hyperoxemia, and excessive oxygen use in patients with early ARDS. Patients who fulfilled criteria of ARDS on day 1 and day 2 of acute hypoxemic respiratory failure were categorized based on the presence of hyperoxemia (PaO2 > 100 mmHg) on day 1, sustained (i.e., present on day 1 and day 2) hyperoxemia, or excessive oxygen use (FIO2 ≥ 0.60 during hyperoxemia). Results: Of 2005 patients that met the inclusion criteria, 131 (6.5%) were hypoxemic (PaO2 < 55 mmHg), 607 (30%) had hyperoxemia on day 1, and 250 (12%) had sustained hyperoxemia. Excess FIO2 use occurred in 400 (66%) out of 607 patients with hyperoxemia. Excess FIO2 use decreased from day 1 to day 2 of ARDS, with most hyperoxemic patients on day 2 receiving relatively low FIO2. Multivariate analyses found no independent relationship between day 1 hyperoxemia, sustained hyperoxemia, or excess FIO2 use and adverse clinical outcomes. Mortality was 42% in patients with excess FIO2 use, compared to 39% in a propensity-matched sample of normoxemic (PaO2 55-100 mmHg) patients (P = 0.47). Conclusions: Hyperoxemia and excess oxygen use are both prevalent in early ARDS but are most often non-sustained. No relationship was found between hyperoxemia or excessive oxygen use and patient outcome in this cohort. Trial registration: LUNG-SAFE is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02010073publishersversionPeer reviewe

Risk profiles and one-year outcomes of patients with newly diagnosed atrial fibrillation in India: Insights from the GARFIELD-AF Registry.

BACKGROUND: The Global Anticoagulant Registry in the FIELD-Atrial Fibrillation (GARFIELD-AF) is an ongoing prospective noninterventional registry, which is providing important information on the baseline characteristics, treatment patterns, and 1-year outcomes in patients with newly diagnosed non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF). This report describes data from Indian patients recruited in this registry. METHODS AND RESULTS: A total of 52,014 patients with newly diagnosed AF were enrolled globally; of these, 1388 patients were recruited from 26 sites within India (2012-2016). In India, the mean age was 65.8 years at diagnosis of NVAF. Hypertension was the most prevalent risk factor for AF, present in 68.5% of patients from India and in 76.3% of patients globally (P < 0.001). Diabetes and coronary artery disease (CAD) were prevalent in 36.2% and 28.1% of patients as compared with global prevalence of 22.2% and 21.6%, respectively (P < 0.001 for both). Antiplatelet therapy was the most common antithrombotic treatment in India. With increasing stroke risk, however, patients were more likely to receive oral anticoagulant therapy [mainly vitamin K antagonist (VKA)], but average international normalized ratio (INR) was lower among Indian patients [median INR value 1.6 (interquartile range {IQR}: 1.3-2.3) versus 2.3 (IQR 1.8-2.8) (P < 0.001)]. Compared with other countries, patients from India had markedly higher rates of all-cause mortality [7.68 per 100 person-years (95% confidence interval 6.32-9.35) vs 4.34 (4.16-4.53), P < 0.0001], while rates of stroke/systemic embolism and major bleeding were lower after 1 year of follow-up. CONCLUSION: Compared to previously published registries from India, the GARFIELD-AF registry describes clinical profiles and outcomes in Indian patients with AF of a different etiology. The registry data show that compared to the rest of the world, Indian AF patients are younger in age and have more diabetes and CAD. Patients with a higher stroke risk are more likely to receive anticoagulation therapy with VKA but are underdosed compared with the global average in the GARFIELD-AF. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION-URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT01090362

Local press and infrastructures: environmental journalism selfishly marginalization

Conscientes de la dificultad para encuadrar muchas informaciones dentro de un área especializada del periodismo, este artículo analiza cómo la polémica construcción de un puerto industrial en Tenerife es abordada por el periódico de mayor difusión de la isla. A la vista de los elementos políticos, económicos, sociales y medioambientales que confluyen en el proyecto, se opta por hacer un análisis crítico del discurso, como método más adecuado para detallar los recursos del medio para trasladar al lector una realidad afín a los sectores políticos y económicos que defienden esta construcción. Se evidencia que la premeditada decisión de marginar la perspectiva medioambiental garantiza el marco idóneo para ocultar todas las manipulaciones orientadas a que la opinión pública apruebe el puerto.Given that the difficulty to classify many informations in a journalism specialized area, this article analyses how a controversial industrial port project in Tenerife is covered by the island biggest selling newspaper. Considering the political, economical, social and environmental factors involved in this project, we choose a critical discourse analysis as the best methodological way to show the media resources for showing the reader a reality wanted by the political and economical sectors which support this public work. It is proved that the selfishly marginalization of the environmental perspective guaranteed the best context to hide all the manipulations created to gain the public opinion support to the port

Obsoleta manipulación: nueva concepción informativa: Obsoleta manipulación: elementos reales, virtuales y ficticios para una nueva concepción de la información

La excesiva frecuencia con la que se alude a la manipulación de los medios confirma el predominio de intereses no profesionales que han derivado en un descrédito generalizado de la información. Sin embargo, el uso cotidiano de este término, y su paradójica manipulación, no permite ya definir en su totalidad el engaño al que se somete a los receptores. Basándose en los conceptos manipulación e información, junto a otros como gatekeeper o agenda-setting, el artículo recoge diversos eventos publicados para presentar una propuesta teórica que divide la información entre la real, la virtual y la ficticia