Intermediaries in Bredon (Co)homology and Classifying Spaces

For certain contractible G-CW-complexes and F a family of subgroups of G, we construct a spectral sequence converging to the F-Bredon cohomology of G with E1-terms given by the F-Bredon cohomology of the stabilizer subgroups. As applications, we obtain several corollaries concerning the cohomological and geometric dimensions of the classifying space for the family F. We also introduce a hierarchically defined class of groups which contains all countable elementary amenable groups and countable linear groups of characteristic zero, and show that if a group G is in this class, then G has finite F-Bredon (co)homological dimension if and only if G has jump F-Bredon (co)homology.Comment: 18 page

An integral homological characterization of finite groups

AbstractWe show that a group G is finite if and only if every injective ZG-module has projective length one

Groups with twisted p-periodic cohomology

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Design of thermoresponsive polymeric gates with opposite controlled release behaviors

Stimuli-responsive devices are novel tools widely studied in the nanomedicine research field. In this work, magnetic-responsive mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MMSNs) were coated with an engineered thermoresponsive co-polymer. Magnetic cores are used as heating sources when they are exposed to an alternating magnetic field. The polymer structure suffers a change from hydrophilic to hydrophobic state when the temperature is raised above the lower critical solution temperature (LCST) or volume phase transition temperature (VPTT), acting as a gate-keeper of a model drug trapped inside the silica matrix. Fluorescein departure can be tuned employing two different polymer structures on the silica surface which exhibit the same transition temperature (42 degrees C) but a different grafting density: one of them being a dense crosslinked polymer network and the other one a hairy linear polymer layer. The release profile reveals to be the opposite between these two different coatings, allowing suitable drug release behavior for different clinical situations

Magnetic-Responsive Release Controlled by Hot Spot Effect

Magnetically triggered drug delivery nanodevices have attracted great attention in nanomedicine, as they can feature as smart carriers releasing their payload at clinician's will. The key principle of these devices is based on the properties of magnetic cores to generate thermal energy in the presence of an alternating magnetic field. Then, the temperature increase triggers the drug release. Despite this potential, the rapid heat dissipation in living tissues is a serious hindrance for their clinical application. It is hypothesized that magnetic cores could act as hot spots, this is, produce enough heat to trigger the release without the necessity to increase the global temperature. Herein, a nanocarrier has been designed to respond when the temperature reaches 43 degrees C. This material has been able to release its payload under an alternating magnetic field without the need of increasing the global temperature of the environment, proving the efficacy of the hot spot mechanism in magnetic-responsive drug delivery devices

Exploratory randomized double-blind placebo controlled trial of botulinum therapy on grasp release after Stroke (PrOMBiS)

Background. OnabotulinumtoxinA injections improve upper-limb spasticity after stroke, but their effect on arm function remains uncertain. Objective. To determine whether a single treatment with onabotulinumtoxinA injections combined with upper-limb physiotherapy improves grasp release compared with physiotherapy alone after stroke. Methods. A total of 28 patients, at least 1 month poststroke, were randomized to receive either onabotulinumtoxinA or placebo injections to the affected upper limb followed by standardized upper-limb physiotherapy (10 sessions over 4 weeks). The primary outcome was time to release grasp during a functionally relevant standardized task. Secondary outcomes included measures of wrist and finger spasticity and strength using a customized servomotor, clinical assessments of stiffness (modified Ashworth Scale), arm function (Action Research Arm Test [ARAT], Nine Hole Peg Test), arm use (Arm Measure of Activity), Goal Attainment Scale, and quality of life (EQ5D). Results. There was no significant difference between treatment groups in grasp release time 5 weeks post injection (placebo median = 3.0 s, treatment median = 2.0 s; t(24) = 1.20; P = .24; treatment effect = −0.44, 95% CI = −1.19 to 0.31). None of the secondary measures passed significance after correcting for multiple comparisons. Both groups achieved their treatment goals (placebo = 65%; treatment = 71%), and made improvements on the ARAT (placebo +3, treatment +5) and in active wrist extension (placebo +9°, treatment +11°). Conclusions. In this group of stroke patients with mild to moderate spastic hemiparesis, a single treatment with onabotulinumtoxinA did not augment the improvements seen in grasp release time after a standardized upper-limb physiotherapy program

Theta burst magnetic stimulation over the pre-supplementary motor area improves motor inhibition

BACKGROUND: Stopping an ongoing motor response or resolving conflict induced by conflicting stimuli are associated with activation of a right-lateralized network of inferior frontal gyrus (IFG), pre-supplementary motor area (pre-SMA) and subthalamic nucleus (STN). However, the roles of the right IFG and pre-SMA in stopping a movement and in conflict resolution remain unclear. We used continuous theta burst stimulation (cTBS) to examine the involvement of the right IFG and pre-SMA in inhibition and conflict resolution using the conditional stop signal task. METHODS: We measured stop signal reaction time (SSRT, measure of reactive inhibition), response delay effect (RDE, measure of proactive action restraint) and conflict induced slowing (CIS, measure of conflict resolution). RESULTS: Stimulation over the pre-SMA resulted in significantly shorter SSRTs (improved inhibition) compared to sham cTBS. This effect was not observed for CIS, RDE, or any other measures. cTBS over the right IFG had no effect on SSRT, CIS, RDE or on any other measure. CONCLUSIONS: The improvement of SSRT with cTBS over the pre-SMA suggests its critical contribution to stopping ongoing movements

ОЦІНКА СТАНУ ДЛЯ СИСТЕМИ З РОЗПОДІЛЕНИМИ ПАРАМЕТРАМИ

В даній статті розглядається задача — оцінка стану для системи з розподіленими параметрами. Оцінка стану проводиться за нагрівом довгого тонкого стрижня. Для аналізу системи використовується модальне подання. Дана задача дає змогу оцінити у значній мірі кількість точок вимірювань та отримати матрицю спостережуваності