Application of Metal-Organic Framework Nano-MIL-100(Fe) for Sustainable Release of Doxycycline and Tetracycline

Nanostructures of MIL-100 were synthesized and used as a drug delivery platform for two members of the Tetracycline family. Doxycycline monohydrate (DOX) and Tetracycline hydrochloride (TC) were loaded separately on nano-MIL-100 (nanoparticles of drug@carrier were abbreviated as DOX@MIL-100 and TC@MIL-100). Characterizations were carried out using FT-IR, XRD, BET, DLS, and SEM. The FT-IR spectra revealed that the drugs were loaded into the framework of the carrier. The XRD patterns of DOX@MIL-100 and TC@MIL-100 indicated that no free DOX or TC were present. It could be concluded that the drugs are well dispersed into the pores of nano-MIL-100. The microporosity of the carrier was confirmed by BJH data. BET analysis showed a reduction in the free surface for both DOX@MIL-100 and TC@MIL-100. The release of TC and DOX was investigated, and it was revealed that MIL-100 mediated the drug solubility in water, which in turn resulted in a decrease in the release rate of TC (accelerating in DOX case) without lowering the total amount of released drug. After 48 h, 96 percent of the TC was sustain released, which is an unprecedented amount in comparison with other methods

Combined Cutaneous Therapy Using Biocompatible Metal-Organic Frameworks

Combined therapies emerge as an interesting tool to overcome limitations of traditional pharmacological treatments (efficiency, side effects). Among other materials, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) offer versatilities for the accommodation of multiple and complementary active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs): accessible large porosity, availability of functionalization sites, and biocompatibility. Here, we propose topical patches based on water-stable and biosafe Fe carboxylate MOFs (MIL-100 and MIL-127), the biopolymer polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and two co-encapsulated drugs used in skin disorders (azelaic acid (AzA) as antibiotic, and nicotinamide (Nic) as anti-inflammatory), in order to develop an advanced cutaneous combined therapy. Exceptional MOF drug contents were reached (total amount 77.4 and 48.1 wt.% for MIL-100 and MIL-127, respectively), while an almost complete release of both drugs was achieved after 24 h, adapted to cutaneous delivery. The prepared cutaneous PVA-MOF formulations are safe and maintain the high drug-loading capacity (total drug content of 38.8 and 24.2 wt.% for MIL-100 and MIL-127, respectively), while allowing a controlled delivery of their cargoes, permeating through the skin to the active target sites. The total amount of drug retained or diffused through the skin is within the range (Nic), or even better (AzA) than commercial formulations. The presented results make these drug combined formulations promising candidates for new cutaneous devices for skin treatment

Analysis of the Effects of Isotretinoin on Rhinoplasty Patients

Background: Although the number of cosmetic surgeries performed per year continues to increase, many candidates have skin problems. Thick-skinned rhinoplasty patients pose a real challenge for surgeons. Fear of performing surgery in patients with a history of isotretinoin use is another concern. Objectives: The aim of this study was to study the effects of perioperative isotretinoin on rhinoplasty patient outcomes. Methods: This research was conducted on 350 rhinoplasty patients, divided into control and experimental groups, between 2012 and 2015. The experimental group patients were requested to consume isotretinoin from 2 weeks before surgery to 2 months following the surgery. A comparison was made between the 2 groups 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after the surgery. Results: Statistical tests indicated that the satisfaction of experimental group patients at months 1 and 3 following the surgery was significantly higher than that of control group patients (P < 0.01). Examination of the patients' noses found little evidence for soft tissue repair disturbance and cartilaginous deformities. Nine patients from the experimental group needed revision surgery during the study period, but none of the revision surgeries was for a cause clearly attributable to the intake of isotretinoin. Conclusions: The results of this research suggest that isotretinoin causes no evident disturbance to the recovery of rhinoplastic incisions and internal nose structures. Moreover, none of the experimental group patients showed hypertrophic tissues and cartilaginous deformities, and the repair was satisfactory, similar to the control group. However, patients receiving isotretinoin were more satisfied with their operation outcomes and experienced fewer skin problems. Level of Evidence: 3: © 2020 The Aesthetic Society. Reprints and permission: [email protected]

Evaluating Suspended Particles Concentration of the Inside and Outside Air of the Classroom and Its Influencing Factors in Middle schools and High Schools of Yazd

Abstract Introduction: Airborne pollution in such public environments as schools has adverse health effects on pupils and teachers who spend a noticeable amount of time in the school. Therefore, this study aimed to measure the suspended particles concentration of indoor and outdoor air of Yazd schools as well as to determine the influencing parameters on the pollution intensity. Methods: This analytical cross-sectional study was conducted in 20 middle-schools and high schools of males and females in winter of 2013. The environmental aerosol monitoring device, (HAZ-DUST EPAM5000 model) was used to measure the concentration of PM1, PM2.5 and PM10. The study data were analyzed via applying correlation, simple linear regression and means comparison tests. Moreover, the study results were compared with the standards of World health organization(WHO) and Environmental Health Organization(EPA). Results: The mean concentration of PM10, PM2.5 and PM1 in indoor class air was reported higher compared to the outdoor air. The indoor and outdoor air quality of schools in terms of Air Quality Index9 (AQI Calculator) indicated an average condition for PM10, and an unhealthy condition for PM2.5 in regard with the vulnerable groups. A significant relationship was detected between indoor and outdoor air concentration particles (P<0.05). The mean indoor per outdoor air particles ratio (I/O) was 1.68, 1.31, 1.46 respectively for PM10, PM2.5, PM1. Conclusion: The study findings revealed a significant relationship between indoor and outdoor suspended particle concentration demonstrating the particles penetration into the classrooms. Therefore, utilizing appropriate air conditioner systems are regarded effective in order to mitigate indoor class pollution. &nbsp