Variational Approach to Real-Time Evolution of Yang-Mills Gauge Fields on a Lattice

Applying a variational method to a Gaussian wave ansatz, we have derived a set of semi-classical evolution equations for SU(2) lattice gauge fields, which take the classical form in the limit of a vanishing width of the Gaussian wave packet. These equations are used to study the quantum effects on the classical evolutions of the lattice gauge fields.Comment: LaTeX, 12 pages, 5 figures contained in a separate uuencoded file, DUKE-TH-93-4

A new effective Lagrangian for nuclear matter

The relativistic mean field model, the Zim\'anyi - Moszkowski (ZM) Lagrangian describes nuclear matter and stable finite nuclei even in the non-relativistic limit. It fails, however, to predict the correct non-relativistic spin-orbit (SO) coupling. In this paper we improve on this matter by an additional tensor coupling analogous to the anomalous gyromagnetic ratio. It can be adjusted to describe the SO-term without changing the mean field solution of the ZM-Lagrangian for nuclear matter.Comment: 8 pages LaTe

Anemia prevalence in women of reproductive age in low- and middle-income countries between 2000 and 2018

Anemia is a globally widespread condition in women and is associated with reduced economic productivity and increased mortality worldwide. Here we map annual 2000–2018 geospatial estimates of anemia prevalence in women of reproductive age (15–49 years) across 82 low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), stratify anemia by severity and aggregate results to policy-relevant administrative and national levels. Additionally, we provide subnational disparity analyses to provide a comprehensive overview of anemia prevalence inequalities within these countries and predict progress toward the World Health Organization’s Global Nutrition Target (WHO GNT) to reduce anemia by half by 2030. Our results demonstrate widespread moderate improvements in overall anemia prevalence but identify only three LMICs with a high probability of achieving the WHO GNT by 2030 at a national scale, and no LMIC is expected to achieve the target in all their subnational administrative units. Our maps show where large within-country disparities occur, as well as areas likely to fall short of the WHO GNT, offering precision public health tools so that adequate resource allocation and subsequent interventions can be targeted to the most vulnerable populations.Peer reviewe

New insights into the genetic etiology of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias

Characterization of the genetic landscape of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and related dementias (ADD) provides a unique opportunity for a better understanding of the associated pathophysiological processes. We performed a two-stage genome-wide association study totaling 111,326 clinically diagnosed/'proxy' AD cases and 677,663 controls. We found 75 risk loci, of which 42 were new at the time of analysis. Pathway enrichment analyses confirmed the involvement of amyloid/tau pathways and highlighted microglia implication. Gene prioritization in the new loci identified 31 genes that were suggestive of new genetically associated processes, including the tumor necrosis factor alpha pathway through the linear ubiquitin chain assembly complex. We also built a new genetic risk score associated with the risk of future AD/dementia or progression from mild cognitive impairment to AD/dementia. The improvement in prediction led to a 1.6- to 1.9-fold increase in AD risk from the lowest to the highest decile, in addition to effects of age and the APOE ε4 allele

Multiple subcutaneous puncture and stoma bag drainage for gross lower limb edema: A case report

We present a case of gross lower limb edema in a 21-year-old man with an intra-abdominal malignant fibrous histiocytoma. He had a 1-month history of lower limb edema secondary to inferior vena caval obstruction. His edema failed to respond to a combination of diuretics, oral frusemide 40 mg daily and oral spironolactone 100 mg daily. Subcutaneous drainage of both lower limbs with butterfly needles was performed with minimal improvement. However, he gained significant symptomatic relief with multiple subcutaneous punctures and stoma bag drainage. A total of 12.8 L of serous fluid was drained with this simple and effective method. This is the first report of the use of this method

C-terminus modification of Streptomyces clavuligerus deacetoxycephalosporin C synthase improves catalysis with an expanded substrate specificity

10.1016/S0006-291X(02)00629-0Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications295155-61BBRC

Mutation of N304 to leucine in Streptomyces clavuligerus deacetoxycephalosporin C synthase creates an enzyme with increased penicillin analogue conversion

10.1006/bbrc.2001.5552Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications2872507-513BBRC

Synthesis and Properties of Nanocrystalline δ-FeOOH

For fabricating pure δ-FeOOH, Fe(OH)2 was first precipitated by reacting FeCl2(aq) with NaOH(aq) and then oxidized by an oxidant, such as NaClO(aq) or H2O2(aq). When using NaClO(aq) as the oxidant, with various amounts of NaClO(aq) and NaOH(aq), four phase regions were found, i.e. (a) amorphous region, (b) α-FeOOH+δ-FeOOH+Fe3O4 phase region, (c) δ-FeOOH +α-FeOOH phase region, and (d) very high purity δ-FeOOH phase region. When using H2O2(aq) as the oxidant, with various amounts of H2O2(aq) and NaOH(aq), three phase regions were found, i.e. (a) amorphous region, (b) δ-FeOOH+Fe3O4 phase region, and (c) δ-FeOOH phase region. The study on the microwave properties of pure δ-FeOOH showed that the electron spin resonance linewidth was 3 kOe and the external resonance magnetic field with the maximum absorption was at 2.5 kOe