30 research outputs found
Aminosavak és származékainak kromatográfiás vizsgálata. Királis kromatográfia = Chromatography of amino acids and its derivatives. Chiral chromatography.
Az aminosav szintĂ©zisek többnyire racĂ©m keverĂ©ket eredmĂ©nyeznek, illetve a sztereospecifikus szintĂ©zis sem vezet királisan tiszta termĂ©khez. ElsĹ‘dleges fontosságĂş a királis tisztaság ellenĹ‘rzĂ©sĂ©re. A nemfehĂ©rje alkotĂł aminosavak közĂĽl szintetizáltuk Ă©s kromatográfiásan vizsgáltuk az alifás Ă©s aromás szubsztituenst tartalmazĂł glicin, fenilalanin, prolin, tirozin, triptofán analĂłgokat, Ăź- Ă©s szekunder aminosavakat. Az izokinolinok, Ăź-laktámok, "Betti bázisok", bikalutamid Ă©s közti Ă©s mellĂ©ktermĂ©keinek királis kromatográfiás elválasztása szintĂ©n feladatunk volt. A kromatográfiás elválasztásokhoz közvetlen Ă©s közvetett folyadĂ©kkromatográfiát alkalmaztunk. A közvetett mĂłdszerekhez királis származĂ©kkĂ©pzĹ‘ket alkalmaztunk Ă©s Ăşjakat is szintetizáltunk. Az Ăşjonnan bevezetett királis állĂłfázisaink antibiotikum, α- Ă©s Ăź-ciklodextrin, kinin-analĂłg, koronaĂ©ter Ă©s cellulĂłz alapĂşak voltak. Ăšj szteroid alapĂş állĂłfázisunkkal a kĂsĂ©rletek jelenleg is folynak. Kinin Ă©s cellulĂłz alapĂş állĂłfázisok esetĂ©n a retenciĂł hĹ‘mĂ©rsĂ©klet fĂĽggĂ©sĂ©bĹ‘l meghatároztuk a fázisátmenetek entalpia Ă©s entrĂłpia fĂĽggĂ©sĂ©t Ă©s a termodinamikai adatokbĂłl következtettĂĽnk a retenciĂł mechanizmusára. Az Ăşj aminosavakat TIPP Ă©s endomorfin-1 Ă©s ?2 analĂłgokba Ă©pĂtettĂĽk be Ă©s mĂłdszereket dolgoztunk ki az epimer peptidek elválasztására Ă©s az aminosavak konfiguráciĂłjának meghatározására. Endomorfin Ă©s TIPP analĂłgok esetĂ©n patkányagy homogenizátumban in vitro kĂsĂ©rleteket vĂ©geztĂĽnk a legstabilisabb analĂłgok meghatározására. | The syntheses of amino acids generally results in racemic mixtures even in the case of asymmetric synthesis enantiomers exhibits some impurities. Therefore there is a need to check the chiral purity. Of non-proteinogenic amino acids the following were synthesized and investigated by chromatographic methods: glycine, phenylalanine, proline, tyrosine and triptophane analogs, Ăź- and secunder amino acids. Starting materials of important pharmacons, like isoquinolines, Ăź-lactams, Betti bases, bicalutamide and its precursors also were synthesized. Indirect liquid chromatographic separations were carried out by application of chiral derivatizing agents (CDAs) and new CDAs were also synthesized. For direct methods the chiral stationary phases were based on macrocyclic antibiotics, Ăź-ciklodextrins, chinchona alkaloids, crown ethers and derivatized cellulose. New steroid-based stationary phase was also synthesized. In the case of stationary phases containing chinchona alkaloids and derivatized cellulose as selectors thermodynamic data were gained from the temperature dependence of retention and the possible mechanism of separation was established. The new amino acids were built into TIPP and endomorphine analogs. Chromatographic methods were developed for the separation of peptide epimers and identification of configuration of amino acids. The in vitro investigation of degradation of TIPP and endomorphins in brain homogenate helped to develop more resistant analogs
The mineralogical composition of calcium and calcium-magnesium carbonate pedofeatures of calcareous soils in the European prairie ecodivision in Hungary
Abstract
There is little data on the mineralogy of carbonate pedofeatures in the calcareous soils in Hungary which belong to the European prairie ecodivision. The aim of the present study is to enrich these data.
The mineralogical composition of the carbonate pedofeatures from characteristic profiles of the calcareous soils in Hungary was studied by X-ray diffractometry, thermal analysis, SEM combined with microanalysis, and stable isotope determination.
Regarding carbonate minerals only aragonite, calcite (+ magnesian calcite) and dolomite (+proto-dolomite) were identified in carbonate grains, skeletons and pedofeatures.
The values relating, respectively, to stable isotope compositions (C13, O18) of carbonates in chernozems and in salt-affected soils were in the same range as those for recent soils (latter data reported earlier). There were no considerable differences between the values for the carbonate nodules and tubules from the same horizons, nor were there significant variations between the values of the same pedofeatures from different horizons (BC-C) of the same profile. Thus it can be assumed that there were no considerable changes in conditions of formation.
Tendencies were recognized in the changes of (i) carbonate mineral associations, (ii) the MgCO3 content of calcites, (iii) the corrected decomposition temperatures, and (iv) the activation energies of carbonate thermal decompositions among the various substance-regimes of soils.
Differences were found in substance-regimes types of soils rather than in soil types
The mineralogical composition of calcium and calcium-magnesium carbonate pedofeatures of calcareous soils in the European prairie ecodivision in Hungary
Crop pests and predators exhibit inconsistent responses to surrounding landscape composition
The idea that noncrop habitat enhances pest control and represents a win–win opportunity to conserve biodiversity and bolster yields has emerged as an agroecological paradigm. However, while noncrop habitat in landscapes surrounding farms sometimes benefits pest predators, natural enemy responses remain heterogeneous across studies and effects on pests are inconclusive. The observed heterogeneity in species responses to noncrop habitat may be biological in origin or could result from variation in how habitat and biocontrol are measured. Here, we use a pest-control database encompassing 132 studies and 6,759 sites worldwide to model natural enemy and pest abundances, predation rates, and crop damage as a function of landscape composition. Our results showed that although landscape composition explained significant variation within studies, pest and enemy abundances, predation rates, crop damage, and yields each exhibited different responses across studies, sometimes increasing and sometimes decreasing in landscapes with more noncrop habitat but overall showing no consistent trend. Thus, models that used landscape-composition variables to predict pest-control dynamics demonstrated little potential to explain variation across studies, though prediction did improve when comparing studies with similar crop and landscape features. Overall, our work shows that surrounding noncrop habitat does not consistently improve pest management, meaning habitat conservation may bolster production in some systems and depress yields in others. Future efforts to develop tools that inform farmers when habitat conservation truly represents a win–win would benefit from increased understanding of how landscape effects are modulated by local farm management and the biology of pests and their enemies
Mononitro-toluol extrakciója savvisszanyerés céljából
A BorsodChem-es DNT-I. üzemben elválasztott mononitro-toluol savtartalmának extrakcióval töténő kivonása. Az eljárás elemzése, lehetséges készülékterv, befektetési és megtérülési viszonyok elemzése.Bscvegyészmérnökg
NyĂrfajd repatriáciĂłs terĂĽlet rovarközössĂ©ge a GĂşth-i erdĹ‘ben
Ă–sszessĂ©gĂ©ben az adott rekultiváciĂłs terĂĽlet, amely NyĂrlugos Ă©s NyĂracsád között helyezkedik el, megfelelĹ‘ Ă©lĹ‘hely a nyĂrfajdok számára. 11 hektáron mozaikosan, gazdag rovarvilággal, dĂşs, változatos növĂ©nyzettel rendelkezik. Feladatom az volt, hogy a terĂĽleten rovarfaunisztikai kutatásokat vĂ©gezzek, mely alapján kiderĂĽl, hogy ezen a helyen elegendĹ‘, Ă©s megfelelĹ‘ mennyisĂ©gű rovarmennyisĂ©g Ă©s minĹ‘sĂ©g áll-e rendelkezĂ©sre. A többszöri terĂĽletbejárás, Ă©s a gyűjtĂ©sek folyamán kiderĂĽlt számomra, hogy rovarvilágban gazdag. Hangyákban, hangyabolyban dĂşs, mely a csibĂ©knek, Ă©s a felnĹ‘tt nyĂrfajdoknak egyik legfĹ‘bb táplálĂ©ka. Gazdag egyenesszárnyĂş fauna bĹ‘ fehĂ©rjemennyisĂ©get ad az adult egyedeknek.
Ezt kimutatják az elkĂ©szĂtett táblázatok, diagramok. Dominanciájuk, relatĂv gyakoriságuk megfelelĹ‘ az adott terĂĽletre nĂ©zve.MscTermĂ©szetvĂ©delmi mĂ©rnö