126 research outputs found
SNX10 gene mutation leading to osteopetrosis with dysfunctional osteoclasts
Acknowledgements We sincerely thank the patients and family members who participated in this study. We would also like to thank Stefan Esher, UmeÄ University, for help with genealogy, and Anna Westerlund for excellent technical assistance. This work was supported by grants from the FOU, at the UmeÄ university hospital, and the Medical Faculty at UmeÄ University. The work at University of Gothenburg was supported by grants from The Swedish Research Council, the Swedish Rheumatism Association, the Royal 80-Year Fund of King Gustav V, ALF/LUA research grant from Sahlgrenska University Hospital in Gothenburg and the Lundberg Foundation. The work at the University of Gothenburg and the University of Aberdeen was supported by Euroclast, a Marie Curie FP7-People-2013-ITN: # 607446.Peer reviewedPublisher PD
The prevalence of approximal caries in patients after fixed orthodontic treatment and in untreated subjects : A retrospective, cross-sectional study on bitewing radiographs
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this retrospective, cross-sectional study was to investigate the prevalence of approximal carious lesions in patients after fixed multibracket therapy and in subjects without orthodontics on bitewing radiographs. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Bitewing radiographs of 104Â orthodontically treated patients with fixed multibracket appliances were compared to those of 111Â untreated subjects. The individuals in both groups were between 15 and 16.25Â years of age when radiographs were taken. The test group with orthodontics was recruited from the archive of the Department of Orthodontics at the University of ZĂŒrich. The untreated control group was selected randomly from 16Â communities in the Canton of ZĂŒrich. The approximal surfaces of the permanent premolars and molars of all subjects were assessed by two calibrated investigators. RESULTS: The average number of enamel lesions in the test group after fixed orthodontic treatment was lower than in the control group (0.57 vs. 1.85, pâ<â0.001). The same was found for dentin lesions (0.06 vs. 0.49, pâ<â0.001). The distribution of lesions was similar in both groups. CONCLUSION: Fewer approximal carious lesions were detected in the test group after fixed multibracket appliances than in the age-matched control group without orthodontic treatment
Global epidemiology of dental caries and periodontitis â a comprehensive review
Item does not contain fulltextBACKGROUND: Dental caries and periodontitis are the most common oral diseases and major causes of tooth loss. AIM: To perform a review of global prevalence and incidence of dental caries and periodontitis. METHODOLOGY: Inclusion and exclusion criteria were developed. MEDLINE database and EMBASE database were used to search for eligible publications using keywords and MeSH terms. Additionally, WHO databank was used for obtaining dental caries information and PUBMED for a search on trends of dental caries prevalence and severity. RESULTS: Over the last four decades, the prevalence and severity of dentine carious lesions among 5- and 12-year-olds have declined; the decay-component is very high, with the lowest prevalence among 12-year-olds in high-income countries, which also had the lowest prevalence among 35- to 44-year-olds; and the number of retained teeth has increased around the globe. The prevalence of periodontitis is high, with approximately 10% of the global population affected by severe periodontitis. Study heterogeneity and methodological issues hamper comparisons across studies and over time. CONCLUSION: While the prevalence of dental caries has decreased, the disease is prevalent in all age groups. The prevalence of periodontitis is high. There is insufficient evidence to conclude that the prevalence of periodontitis has changed over time.1 maart 201
Migrant children within Europe: a systematic review of childrenâs perspectives on their health experiences
Objectives:
To review the extant literature in order to explore what is known about
childrenâs own
perspectives on
the
ir
health experiences
, focusing upon
children and young people who have
migrated into, and within, Europe.
Study Design:
A systematic review with narrative synthesis.
Methods:
A review of English language articles was performed in June 2016 using the following
databases: Medline, CINAHL, Coc
hrane and Web of Science. Included papers had to report data
generated directly with children, up to 18 years of age, who had migrated across national borders
into, or within, Europe during their own lifetimes.
Extraction from articles was undertaken by a
ll authors and quality assessment of included reviews
was performed using the
Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (
MMAT
)
.
Results:
The articles in the final dataset included research based on 4 broad areas: alcohol, smoking
and substance use; diet, eating disorde
rs and overweight; emotional, psychological and mental
health issues and; childrenâs views and experiences of health and health services. The majority of
studies were cross
-
sectional analytic or incidence or prevalence studies.
Conclusion:
There is
a gene
ral lack of clarity in the literature regarding the reporting of childrenâs
own migration status. Childrenâs voices are often subsumed within those of their adult parents or
carers. There is a need to promote more child
-
focussed research which gives voice
to migrant
children to better understand the complex and multidimensional factors that contribute to their (ill)
health
EFSA Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition, and Allergies (NDA); Scientific Opinion on Dietary Reference Values for carbohydrates and dietary fibre
This Opinion of the EFSA Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition, and Allergies (NDA) deals with the establishment of Dietary Reference Values for carbohydrates and dietary fibre. Nutritionally, two broad categories of carbohydrates can be differentiated: \u201cglycaemic carbohydrates\u201d, i.e. carbohydrates digested and absorbed in the human small intestine, and \u201edietary fibre\u201f, non-digestible carbohydrates passing to the large intestine. In this Opinion, dietary fibre is defined as non-digestible carbohydrates plus lignin. The absolute dietary requirement for glycaemic carbohydrates is not precisely known but will depend on the amount of fat and protein ingested. The Panel proposes 45 to 60 E% as the reference Intake range for carbohydrates applicable to both adults and children older than one year of age. Although high frequency of intake of sugar-containing foods can increase the risk of dental caries, there are insufficient data to set an upper limit for (added) sugar intake. Based on the available evidence on bowel function, the Panel considers dietary fibre intakes of 25 g/day to be adequate for normal laxation in adults. A fibre intake of 2 g/MJ is considered adequate for normal laxation in children from the age of one year. Although there is some experimental evidence that a reduction of the dietary glycaemic index and glycaemic load may have favourable effects on some metabolic risk factors such as serum lipids, the evidence for a role in weight maintenance and prevention of diet-related diseases is inconclusiv
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