33 research outputs found
Identifying the unidentified fauna enhances insights into hominin subsistence strategies during the Middle to Upper Palaeolithic transition
Understanding Palaeolithic hominin subsistence strategies requires the comprehensive taxonomic identification of faunal remains. The high fragmentation of Late Pleistocene faunal assemblages often prevents proper taxonomic identification based on bone morphology. It has been assumed that the morphologically unidentifiable component of the faunal assemblage would reflect the taxonomic abundances of the morphologically identified portion. In this study, we analyse three faunal datasets covering the Middle to Upper Palaeolithic transition (MUPT) at Bacho Kiro Cave (Bulgaria) and Les Cottés and La Ferrassie (France) with the application of collagen type I peptide mass fingerprinting (ZooMS). Our results emphasise that the fragmented component of Palaeolithic bone assemblages can differ significantly from the morphologically identifiable component. We obtain contrasting identification rates between taxa resulting in an overrepresentation of morphologically identified reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) and an underrepresentation of aurochs/bison (Bos/Bison) and horse/European ass (Equus) at Les Cottés and La Ferrassie. Together with an increase in the relative diversity of the faunal composition, these results have implications for the interpretation of subsistence strategies during a period of possible interaction between Neanderthals and Homo sapiens in Europe. Furthermore, shifts in faunal community composition and in carnivore activity suggest a change in the interaction between humans and carnivores across the MUPT and indicate a possible difference in site use between Neanderthals and Homo sapiens. The combined use of traditional and biomolecular methods allows (zoo)archaeologists to tackle some of the methodological limits commonly faced during the morphological assessment of Palaeolithic bone assemblages
Using ZooMS to identify fragmentary bone from the Late Middle/Early Upper Palaeolithic sequence of Les Cottés, France
Photography-based taxonomy is inadequate, unnecessary, and potentially harmful for biological sciences
The question whether taxonomic descriptions naming new animal species without type specimen(s) deposited in collections should be accepted for publication by scientific journals and allowed by the Code has already been discussed in Zootaxa (Dubois & NemĂ©sio 2007; Donegan 2008, 2009; NemĂ©sio 2009aâb; Dubois 2009; Gentile & Snell 2009; Minelli 2009; Cianferoni & Bartolozzi 2016; Amorim et al. 2016). This question was again raised in a letter supported
by 35 signatories published in the journal Nature (Pape et al. 2016) on 15 September 2016. On 25 September 2016, the following rebuttal (strictly limited to 300 words as per the editorial rules of Nature) was submitted to Nature, which on
18 October 2016 refused to publish it. As we think this problem is a very important one for zoological taxonomy, this text is published here exactly as submitted to Nature, followed by the list of the 493 taxonomists and collection-based
researchers who signed it in the short time span from 20 September to 6 October 2016
L'Igue des Rameaux (Saint Antonin-Noble-Val, Tarn-et-Garonne), un nouveau gisement du PléistocÚne moyen. Premiers résultats
The «Igue des Rameaux» is a new paleontologic and archeologic site located on the plateaux (Causses) of Bas Quercy (south-west of France). A first stratigraphic description of the karstic filling with the first data on mammals and lithic assemblages is given. According with the biochronology, the site is dated near the end of Middle Pleistocene (Mindel-Riss to the beginning of Rissian) and contain very uncommons species as Euctenoceros and Hyaena prisca, and very rich populations of equids (closed with the mosbachensis'group) and several species of carnivorous. The lithic assemblage is poor (76 artefacts), principaly made on quartz pebbles (hammerstones, cores, pebbles tools) wich is compared to the local early Paleolithic or beginning of middle Paleolithic.L'igue des Rameaux est un nouveau gisement palĂ©ontologique et archĂ©ologique dĂ©couvert sur les Causses du Bas Quercoy (Sud-Ouest de la France). Une premiĂšre description des dĂ©pĂŽts conservĂ©s dans cette cavitĂ© et les donnĂ©es sur les associations fauniques et lithiques sont prĂ©sentĂ©es. Le remplissage est datĂ© sur la base d'arguments biochronologiques de la fin du PlĂ©istocĂšne moyen (Mindel-Riss Ă dĂ©but Rissien). L'intĂ©rĂȘt exceptionnel du site est dĂ» Ă la prĂ©sence d'espĂšces rares telle que Euctenoceros, Hyaena prisca, Ă de riches populations d'Ă©quidĂ©s (proches du groupe mosbachensis) et Ă de nombreux carnivores. L'industrie lithique associĂ©e est pauvre (76 piĂšces), essentiellement composĂ©e par un outillage sur galet de quartz (percuteurs, galets amĂ©nagĂ©s) permettant d'envisager des comparaisons avec le PalĂ©olithique infĂ©rieur local ou les dĂ©buts du PalĂ©olithique moyen.Rouzaud François, Soulier M., Brugal JP., Jaubert Jacques. L'Igue des Rameaux (Saint Antonin-Noble-Val, Tarn-et-Garonne), un nouveau gisement du PlĂ©istocĂšne moyen. Premiers rĂ©sultats. In: PalĂ©o, n°2,1990. pp. 89-106
Trois tertres funéraires protohistoriques de la commune de Viols-le-Fort (Hérault)
In three tumuli discovered in 1986, mortal remains and also ceramics and metallurgy were found; the burial places can be dated through these characteristic objects made of iron or bronze : 2nd part of the 7th century B.C., the end of the 8th century B.C. and circa 1200 B.C.Découverts en 1986, trois tumuli contenaient des restes humains ainsi qu'un mobilier céramique et métallique; les sépultures sont datées par des objets caractéristiques de fer ou de bronze : deuxiÚme moitié du VIIe s. av. J.-C, fin du VIIIe s. av. J.-C. et vers 1200 av. J.-C.Philipot Danielle, Rocca Jean-Marc, Soulier Marcel, Wallon Jacques. Trois tertres funéraires protohistoriques de la commune de Viols-le-Fort (Hérault). In: Revue archéologique de Narbonnaise, tome 22, 1989. pp. 343-351
Mise en évidence et nature de l'eau sorbée sur des fibres de polytéréphtalate d'éthylÚne-glycol par mesures électriques en hyperfréquences
La sorption de l'eau sur des fibres de polytéréphtalate d'éthylÚne-glycol a été étudiée à l'aide d'un interferomÚtre hyperfréquence fonctionnant en bande X, monte au laboratoire.Une extension de la formule de Kirkwood à des mélanges a permis de déterminer les proportions relatives « d'eau libre » et « d'eau liée » présentes sur la fibre à différentes pressions partielles.Les résultats obtenus sont en bon accord avec ceux donnes par la théorie de Hailwood et Horrobin appliquée à l'isotherme de sorption
Ătude par T.C.D. et A.T.D. dâune transition de second ordre dans le polyĂ©thylĂšne 1-3 benzĂšne sulfonamide
Le polyĂ©thylĂšne 1-3 benzĂšne sulfonamide a Ă©tĂ© prĂ©parĂ© par polycondensation interfaciale et stabilisĂ© par un traitement thermique dâune heure Ă 180 °C.La mĂ©thode des TCD a Ă©tĂ© appliquĂ©e Ă lâĂ©tude des transitions dans ce polycondensat. Ces mesures ont conduit Ă la dĂ©termination dâune tempĂ©rature critique correspondant Ă une transition qui aurait lieu Ă une tempĂ©rature voisine de 130 °C.Une Ă©tude parallĂšle effectuĂ©e par ATD a montrĂ© lâexistence dâun phĂ©nomĂšne de transition vitreuse dans la mĂȘme zone de tempĂ©rature