Developing Environmental and Scientific Education in School

Initiatives involving notions of environmental education and scientific education were stimulated in a state secondary school (Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil), using practical and dynamic activities undertaken with pupils aged from 15 to 17 years old during an entire academic year. Each activity had a specific organization, with its own goals, targets, and a schedule for completing tasks, as well as staggered participation by the pupils involved. The variety of activities allowed pupils to be assigned according to their specific skills and interests. The aim of the project was to foster commitment in pupils in their day-to-day performance of activities, thereby helping create habits in accordance with an environmental and scientific education. The implementation of this project afforded the pupils the opportunity to plan actions which would allow ideas to be put into practice, turning them into reality. As well as teaching them subject matter from the curriculum, the actions undertaken also enable the teaching of auxiliary strategies to promote better eating habits and minimize the amount of organic waste discarded. Cultivating vegetable gardens in crates only requires small spaces, and raw vegetable peelings thrown in the bin were used to create organic compost for the garden itself. Activities such as these contribute towards making the school not just a place for formal education, but also a centre for teaching and disseminating measures that could yield immediate results in terms of raising the quality of life of the school community.Des initiatives portant sur des notions d’éducation environnementale et d’éducation scientifique, ont été encouragées dans une école publique (Niterói, RJ - Brésil) de l’enseignement secondaire, par le biais d’activités pratiques et dynamiques développées auprès d’élèves de 15 à 17 ans, sur toute une année scolaire. Chaque activité a exigé une organisation particulière comprenant des objectifs spécifiques, des buts et un calendrier d’exécution des tâches ainsi que la participation échelonnée des élèves concernés. La variété des activités a permis de répartir les élèves en fonction de leurs intérêts et aptitudes spécifiques. Le but du projet était de favoriser l’adoption, dans le quotidien des élèves, d’attitudes développées au cours des activités afin de contribuer à la création d’habitudes conformes à l’éducation environnementale et scientifique. Ce projet a donné l’occasion aux élèves de planifier des actions permettant de mettre des idées en pratique, et de les réaliser. Tout en permettant d’enseigner des contenus de programmes scolaires, les actions réalisées ont également été l’occasion d’enseigner des stratégies auxiliaires de promotion de meilleures habitudes alimentaires et de réduction du problème de l’élimination des déchets organiques. La culture de potagers dans des caisses peut se faire dans de petits espaces et les déchets crus de légumes jetés normalement à la poubelle ont pu être réutilisés  comme compost organique pour le potager. Ce genre d’activités contribue à faire de l’école, non seulement un espace d’éducation formelle, mais également un centre d’enseignement et de diffusion de mesures susceptibles de produire des résultats immédiats en termes de qualité de la vie dans la communauté scolaire.En una escuela pública (Niterói, RJ - Brasil) de enseñanza media, se estimularon iniciativas que implican nociones de educación medioambiental y científica mediante actividades prácticas y dinámicas desarrolladas con alumnos de 15 a 17 años, a lo largo de un año lectivo. Para cada actividad hubo una organización propia, con objetivos específicos, metas, y un calendario de trabajo para el cumplimiento de las tareas, así como la participación escalonada de los alumnos implicados. La variedad de actividades permitió organizar a los alumnos de acuerdo con sus intereses y habilidades específicas. El proyecto tenía como objetivo favorecer la incorporación, en la vida diaria de los alumnos, de las actitudes desempeñadas durante las actividades, contribuyendo a la creación de hábitos coherentes con una educación medioambiental y científica. El desarrollo de este proyecto permitió a los alumnos planear acciones que posibilitasen la puesta en práctica de ideas, transformándolas en realidad. Además de proporcionar la enseñanza de contenidos curriculares, las acciones realizadas también permitieron enseñar estrategias auxiliares para fomentar mejores hábitos alimenticios y minimizar el problema de la eliminación de la basura orgánica. El cultivo de huertos en cajas puede realizarse en espacios reducidos, y los restos crudos de vegetales desechados en la basura pueden ser reaprovechados como compost orgánico para la propia huerta. Actividades como estas contribuyen a transformar la escuela no solo en un espacio para la educación formal sino también en un centro de enseñanza y divulgación de medidas que pueden propiciar resultados inmediatos para aumentar la calidad de vida de la comunidad escolar.Iniciativas envolvendo noções de educação ambiental e educação científica foram estimuladas numa escola pública (Niterói, RJ - Brasil) de ensino médio, por meio de atividades práticas e dinâmicas desenvolvidas com alunos de 15 a 17 anos, ao longo de um ano letivo. Para cada atividade houve uma organização própria, com objetivos específicos, metas, e cronograma para cumprimento das tarefas, assim como a participação escalonada dos alunos envolvidos. A variedade de atividades permitiu a organização dos alunos de acordo com seus interesses e habilidades específicas. O projeto teve como objetivo favorecer a incorporação, no cotidiano dos alunos, de atitudes desempenhadas durante as atividades, contribuindo para criação de hábitos condizentes com a educação ambiental e científica. O desenvolvimento deste projeto permitiu aos alunos a oportunidade de planejar ações que possibilitaram a prática de ideias, transformando-as em realidade. Além de proporcionar o ensino de conteúdos curriculares, as ações realizadas também permitiram o ensino de estratégias auxiliares na promoção de melhores hábitos alimentares e na minimização do problema do descarte do lixo orgânico. O cultivo de hortas em caixotes é passível de realização em pequenos espaços e os restos crus de vegetais descartados no lixo puderam ser reaproveitados como composto orgânico para a própria horta. Atividades como essas contribuem para tornar a escola, além de um espaço para a educação formal, um centro de ensino e divulgação de medidas que podem propiciar resultados imediatos para aumento da qualidade de vida da comunidade escolar

Comparison Between Conventional Intervention and Non-immersive Virtual Reality in the Rehabilitation of Individuals in an Inpatient Unit for the Treatment of COVID-19: A Study Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Crossover Trial.

Background: The new human coronavirus that leads to COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) has spread rapidly around the world and has a high degree of lethality. In more severe cases, patients remain hospitalized for several days under treatment of the health team. Thus, it is important to develop and use technologies with the aim to strengthen conventional therapy by encouraging movement, physical activity, and improving cardiorespiratory fitness for patients. In this sense, therapies for exposure to virtual reality (VR) are promising and have been shown to be an adequate and equivalent alternative to conventional exercise programs. Aim: This is a study protocol with the aim of comparing the conventional physical therapy intervention with the use of a non-immersive VR software during COVID-19 hospitalization. Methods: Fifty patients hospitalized with confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 will be divided in two groups under physiotherapy treatment using conventional or VR intervention: Group A: participants with COVID-19 will start the first day of the protocol with VR tasks in the morning and then in the second period, in the afternoon, will perform the conventional exercises (n = 25) and Group B: participants with COVID-19 will start the first day with conventional exercises in the morning and in the second period, in the afternoon, will perform activity with VR (n = 25). All participants will be evaluated with different motor and physiologic scales before and after the treatment to measure improvements. Conclusion: Considering the importance of benefits from physical activity during hospitalization, VR software shows promise as a potential mechanism for improving physical activity. The results of this study may provide new insights into hospital rehabilitation. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier: NCT04537858. Registered on 01 September 2020

Transverse momentum spectra of charged particles in proton-proton collisions at s=900\sqrt{s} = 900 GeV with ALICE at the LHC

The inclusive charged particle transverse momentum distribution is measured in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s} = 900$ GeV at the LHC using the ALICE detector. The measurement is performed in the central pseudorapidity region $(|\eta|<0.8)$ over the transverse momentum range $0.15<p_{\rm T}<10$ GeV/$c$. The correlation between transverse momentum and particle multiplicity is also studied. Results are presented for inelastic (INEL) and non-single-diffractive (NSD) events. The average transverse momentum for $|\eta|<0.8$ is $\left<p_{\rm T}\right>_{\rm INEL}=0.483\pm0.001$ (stat.) $\pm0.007$ (syst.) GeV/$c$ and \left_{\rm NSD}=0.489\pm0.001 (stat.) $\pm0.007$ (syst.) GeV/$c$, respectively. The data exhibit a slightly larger $\left<p_{\rm T}\right>$ than measurements in wider pseudorapidity intervals. The results are compared to simulations with the Monte Carlo event generators PYTHIA and PHOJET.Comment: 20 pages, 8 figures, 2 tables, published version, figures at http://aliceinfo.cern.ch/ArtSubmission/node/390