Use of Reynoutr;a sachalinens;s plant extracts, clay preparations and Brev;bacillus brev;s against fungal diseases of grape berries

R. sachalinensis plant extracts (Milsana was in ali trials as effective against U. necator as sulphur, even in years with very high disease pressure. The plant extract showed also positive effects in Botrytis control. Myco-Sin was in ali trials as effective in controlling P. viticola as the copper containing agent FW 450. The combination 01 Milsana, Myco-Sin and B. brevis revealed the potential 01 B. brevis lor control 01 B. cinerea in grape berries, and indicated additional positive effects towards the contro I 01 U. necator. The combined use 01 these biological control agents shows strong potential lor replacement 01 copper and sulphur in organic viticulture

Versuche mit Milasana@ und B.brevis auf Nebeneffekte gegen Typhlodromus pyri (Acari, Phytoseiidae) und Aphidius rhopalosiphi (Hymenoptera, Braconidae)

Data from laboratory range-finder and field test indicate that both biological agents, Milsana (VP 2000) and B. brevis WT, can be judged well-suitable for use in organic or integrated control systems. There were no negative effects recorded against Typhlodromus pyri (Laboratory and field) and Aphidius rhopalosiphi (Iaboratory). For further confirmation, limit tests under GLP (with the highest tested concentration) will be performed in the near future. When Myco-Sin was applied in combination with Milsana in the field, population levels of T. pyri were raised compared to the control

Möglichkeiten der Bekämpfung des Falschen Mehltaus an Gurke (Pseudoperonospora cubensis) mit alternativen Präparaten

In organic cucumber production the infection with downy mildew (Pseudoperonospora cubensis) is one of the major problems. Use of biological control agents based on plant extracts and antagonistic micro organisms may be one possibility to control the disease. Plant extracts from Salvia officinalis and a plant belonging to the family Fabaceae (P1), as well as cultures of Brevibacillus brevis showed, in bioassays on potted cucumber plants, high potential to control the disease with efficacies between 55% and 100%. For S. officinalis extract the efficacy was close to 100% even at a concentration of 0.1325%. Initial trials under commercial growing conditions showed that the control of P. cubensis is better in protected than in open field production. In order to optimise the efficacy of the preparations for use in commercial cucumber production, further investigations on the mode of action, the active ingredients etc. are under way

Evaluation of appendicitis risk prediction models in adults with suspected appendicitis

Background Appendicitis is the most common general surgical emergency worldwide, but its diagnosis remains challenging. The aim of this study was to determine whether existing risk prediction models can reliably identify patients presenting to hospital in the UK with acute right iliac fossa (RIF) pain who are at low risk of appendicitis. Methods A systematic search was completed to identify all existing appendicitis risk prediction models. Models were validated using UK data from an international prospective cohort study that captured consecutive patients aged 16–45 years presenting to hospital with acute RIF in March to June 2017. The main outcome was best achievable model specificity (proportion of patients who did not have appendicitis correctly classified as low risk) whilst maintaining a failure rate below 5 per cent (proportion of patients identified as low risk who actually had appendicitis). Results Some 5345 patients across 154 UK hospitals were identified, of which two‐thirds (3613 of 5345, 67·6 per cent) were women. Women were more than twice as likely to undergo surgery with removal of a histologically normal appendix (272 of 964, 28·2 per cent) than men (120 of 993, 12·1 per cent) (relative risk 2·33, 95 per cent c.i. 1·92 to 2·84; P < 0·001). Of 15 validated risk prediction models, the Adult Appendicitis Score performed best (cut‐off score 8 or less, specificity 63·1 per cent, failure rate 3·7 per cent). The Appendicitis Inflammatory Response Score performed best for men (cut‐off score 2 or less, specificity 24·7 per cent, failure rate 2·4 per cent). Conclusion Women in the UK had a disproportionate risk of admission without surgical intervention and had high rates of normal appendicectomy. Risk prediction models to support shared decision‐making by identifying adults in the UK at low risk of appendicitis were identified