Die Sicht von Eltern auf männliche Fachkräfte in österreichischen Kindergärten : Eine qualitativ-quantitative Studie

In dieser Arbeit soll der Fokus bei der Betrachtung männlicher Fachkräfte im Kindergarten auf deren Befähigung und deren pädagogischen Kompetenzen aus Sicht der Eltern liegen. Dabei wird nach einem historischen Rückblick auf männliche Fachkräfte in der Erziehung auf theore-tische Überlegungen zur Befähigung beruflicher Erziehung aufgrund von Muttersein/Vatersein Bezug genommen. Darauf aufbauend wird auf die Notwendigkeit der Professionalisierung von (männlichen) Fachkräften verwiesen und werden Professionalisierungsmodelle dargestellt. Be-sondere Beachtung findet dabei das EPIK-Domänen-Modell von Schratz (2011), das auf den beforschten Kontext adaptiert angewendet wird. Die Sichtweisen der Eltern auf männliche Fachkräfte und deren Betrachtung aus professioneller Sicht werden mittels eines methodischen Mischverfahrens mit einer qualitativen Interviewunter-suchung (qualitative Inhaltsanalyse) und einer quantitativen Fragebogenerhebung beforscht, analysiert und dargestellt. Ein Ergebnis der Arbeit ist, dass sich Eltern primär über männliche Fachkräfte in Kindergärten freuen (z. B.: Einbringen anderer Aspekte, Förderung der Identitätsentwicklung, Aufbrechen von Rollenstereotypen), es aber auch leichte Vorbehalte (z. B.: bei Übernahmen von bestimm-ten Tätigkeiten, beim ersten Aufeinandertreffen aufgrund der ungewohnten Situation) gibt. Da-raus ergeben sich die Notwendigkeit adäquaten professionellen Handelns von weiblichen und männlichen Fachkräften sowie der Bedarf an weiterer Professionalisierung

Vorzeitiger Berufseinstieg ins Lehramt. Risiken für die Profession

Aufgrund des aktuellen Lehrer*innenmangels arbeiten Lehramtsstudierende zunehmend als Lehrpersonen. Fraglich ist, ob dies zu einer eingeschränkten individuellen Professionalisierung sowie kollektiven Deprofessionalisierung des Lehrer*innenberufs führt und wie es infolge zu einer Reprofessionalisierung kommen kann. Bereits unterrichtende Lehramtsstudierende wurden leitfadengestützt zur eigenen Professionalisierung interviewt. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass Studierende den vorzeitigen Berufseinstieg als bereichernd wahrnehmen, jedoch eine Reflexion des eigenen Professionalisierungsprozesses fehlt. (DIPF/Orig.

Do neurooncological patients and their significant others agree on quality of life ratings?

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Introduction</p> <p>Patients suffering from brain tumours often experience a wide range of cognitive impairments that impair their ability to report on their quality of life and symptom burden. The use of proxy ratings by significant others may be a promising alternative to gain information for medical decision making or research purposes, if self-ratings are not obtainable. Our study investigated the agreement of quality of life and symptom ratings by the patient him/herself or by a significant other.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Patients with primary brain tumours were recruited at the neurooncological outpatient unit of Innsbruck Medical University. Quality of life self- and proxy-ratings were collected using the EORTC QLQ-C30 and its brain cancer module, the QLQ-BN20.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Between May 2005 and August 2007, 42 pairs consisting of a patient and his/her significant other were included in the study. Most of the employed quality of life scales showed fairly good agreement between patient- and proxy-ratings (median correlation 0.46). This was especially true for Physical Functioning, Sleeping Disturbances, Appetite Loss, Constipation, Taste Alterations, Visual Disorders, Motor Dysfunction, Communication Deficits, Hair Loss, Itchy Skin, Motor Dysfunction and Hair Loss. Worse rater agreement was found for Social Functioning, Emotional Functioning, Cognitive Functioning, Fatigue, Pain, Dyspnoea and Seizures.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>The assessment of quality of life in brain cancer patients through ratings from their significant others seems to be a feasible strategy to gain information about certain aspects of patient's quality of life and symptom burden, if the patient is not able to provide information himself.</p

Ethos im Lehrberuf

Dieses Manual soll es angehenden Lehrer*innen in der ersten Phase der Lehrkräfteausbildung ermöglichen, mit dem Thema ‚Ethos‘ in Kontakt zu treten und es als ein wichtiges Feld der professionellen Entwicklung kennen zu lernen. Das Manual ist für den Einsatz in der Lehrer*innenbildung an Hochschulen konzipiert und richtet sich vornehmlich an Dozierende in diesen Lehrbereichen. Darüber hinaus kann es aber auch von Lehrer*innen in der zweiten und dritten Phase für Fort- und Weiterbildung genutzt werden. Dazu finden sich im Manual einführende Texte zu den Themen Ethos (Kapitel 1), zur professionstheoretischen Verortung des pädagogischen Ethos in einem Domänenmodell der Professionalität (EPIK-Domänen, Kapitel 2) und zur praktischen Anwendung des Manuals in der Hochschullehre (Kapitel 3). Neben diesen einführenden Kapiteln besteht das ‚Herzstück‘ des Manuals in einer Sammlung von 24 Beispielen aus der schulischen Praxis (Kapitel 4). Sie alle stammen aus den Praktikumsreflexionen angehender Lehrer*innen, sie alle beschreiben herausfordernde Situationen, in denen Ethos gefragt ist oder sich zeigt – wir nennen dies eine Situation, die sich durch ethische Ambiguität auszeichnet. So führen die Beispiele ein in eine Praxis der Stellungnahme und des Fällens von (ethischen) Urteilen, eine Form der Übung, die zur Herausbildung eines Ethos beiträgt.This manual is intended to enable prospective teachers in the first phase of teacher education to get in touch with the topic of 'ethos' and to get to know it as an important field of professional development. The manual is designed for use in teacher education at universities and is primarily aimed at lecturers in these teaching areas. However, it can also be used by teachers in the second and third phase for further education and training. For this purpose, the manual contains introductory texts on the topics of ethos (chapter 1), on the professional-theoretical location of the pedagogical ethos in a domain model of professionalism (EPIK domains, chapter 2), and on the practical application of the manual in university teaching (chapter 3). In addition to these introductory chapters, the 'heart' of the manual is a collection of 24 examples from school-based practice (Chapter 4). They all come from the internship reflections of prospective teachers, they all describe challenging situations in which ethos is required or manifests itself - we call this a situation characterized by ethical ambiguity. Thus, the examples introduce a practice of taking a stand and making (ethical) judgments, a form of exercise that contributes to the formation of an ethos.Not Reviewe

Genetic variants of Anaplasma phagocytophilum from 14 equine granulocytic anaplasmosis cases

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Equine Granulocytic Anaplasmosis (EGA) is caused by <it>Anaplasma phagocytophilum</it>, a tick-transmitted, obligate intracellular bacterium. In Europe, it is transmitted by <it>Ixodes ricinus</it>. A large number of genetic variants of <it>A. phagocytophilum </it>circulate in nature and have been found in ticks and different animals. Attempts have been made to assign certain genetic variants to certain host species or pathologies, but have not been successful so far. The purpose of this study was to investigate the causing agent <it>A. phagocytophilum </it>of 14 cases of EGA in naturally infected horses with molecular methods on the basis of 4 partial genes (<it>16S rRNA</it>, <it>groEL</it>, <it>msp2</it>, and <it>msp4</it>).</p> <p>Results</p> <p>All DNA extracts of EDTA-blood samples of the horses gave bands of the correct nucleotide size in all four genotyping PCRs. Sequence analysis revealed 4 different variants in the partial <it>16S rRNA</it>, <it>groEL </it>gene and <it>msp2 </it>genes, and 3 in the <it>msp4 </it>gene. One <it>16S rRNA </it>gene variant involved in 11 of the 14 cases was identical to the "prototype" variant causing disease in humans in the amplified part [GenBank: <ext-link ext-link-id="U02521" ext-link-type="gen">U02521</ext-link>]. Phylogenetic analysis revealed as expected for the <it>groEL </it>gene that sequences from horses clustered separately from roe deer. Sequences of the partial <it>msp2 </it>gene from this study formed a separate cluster from ruminant variants in Europe and from all US variants.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>The results show that more than one variant of <it>A. phagocytophilum </it>seems to be involved in EGA in Germany. The comparative genetic analysis of the variants involved points towards different natural cycles in the epidemiology of <it>A. phagocytophilum</it>, possibly involving different reservoir hosts or host adaptation, rather than a strict species separation.</p

Built Shallow to Maintain Homeostasis and Persistent Infection: Insight into the Transcriptional Regulatory Network of the Gastric Human Pathogen Helicobacter pylori

Transcriptional regulatory networks (TRNs) transduce environmental signals into coordinated output expression of the genome. Accordingly, they are central for the adaptation of bacteria to their living environments and in host–pathogen interactions. Few attempts have been made to describe a TRN for a human pathogen, because even in model organisms, such as Escherichia coli, the analysis is hindered by the large number of transcription factors involved. In light of the paucity of regulators, the gastric human pathogen Helicobacter pylori represents a very appealing system for understanding how bacterial TRNs are wired up to support infection in the host. Herein, we review and analyze the available molecular and “-omic” data in a coherent ensemble, including protein–DNA and protein–protein interactions relevant for transcriptional control of pathogenic responses. The analysis covers ∼80% of the annotated H. pylori regulators, and provides to our knowledge the first in-depth description of a TRN for an important pathogen. The emerging picture indicates a shallow TRN, made of four main modules (origons) that process the physiological responses needed to colonize the gastric niche. Specific network motifs confer distinct transcriptional response dynamics to the TRN, while long regulatory cascades are absent. Rather than having a plethora of specialized regulators, the TRN of H. pylori appears to transduce separate environmental inputs by using different combinations of a small set of regulators

The German National Registry of Primary Immunodeficiencies (2012-2017)

Introduction: The German PID-NET registry was founded in 2009, serving as the first national registry of patients with primary immunodeficiencies (PID) in Germany. It is part of the European Society for Immunodeficiencies (ESID) registry. The primary purpose of the registry is to gather data on the epidemiology, diagnostic delay, diagnosis, and treatment of PIDs. Methods: Clinical and laboratory data was collected from 2,453 patients from 36 German PID centres in an online registry. Data was analysed with the software Stata® and Excel. Results: The minimum prevalence of PID in Germany is 2.72 per 100,000 inhabitants. Among patients aged 1–25, there was a clear predominance of males. The median age of living patients ranged between 7 and 40 years, depending on the respective PID. Predominantly antibody disorders were the most prevalent group with 57% of all 2,453 PID patients (including 728 CVID patients). A gene defect was identified in 36% of patients. Familial cases were observed in 21% of patients. The age of onset for presenting symptoms ranged from birth to late adulthood (range 0–88 years). Presenting symptoms comprised infections (74%) and immune dysregulation (22%). Ninety-three patients were diagnosed without prior clinical symptoms. Regarding the general and clinical diagnostic delay, no PID had undergone a slight decrease within the last decade. However, both, SCID and hyper IgE- syndrome showed a substantial improvement in shortening the time between onset of symptoms and genetic diagnosis. Regarding treatment, 49% of all patients received immunoglobulin G (IgG) substitution (70%—subcutaneous; 29%—intravenous; 1%—unknown). Three-hundred patients underwent at least one hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Five patients had gene therapy. Conclusion: The German PID-NET registry is a precious tool for physicians, researchers, the pharmaceutical industry, politicians, and ultimately the patients, for whom the outcomes will eventually lead to a more timely diagnosis and better treatment

Multiple Myeloma Treatment in Real-world Clinical Practice : Results of a Prospective, Multinational, Noninterventional Study

Funding Information: The authors would like to thank all patients and their families and all the EMMOS investigators for their valuable contributions to the study. The authors would like to acknowledge Robert Olie for his significant contribution to the EMMOS study. Writing support during the development of our report was provided by Laura Mulcahy and Catherine Crookes of FireKite, an Ashfield company, a part of UDG Healthcare plc, which was funded by Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Inc, and Janssen Global Services, LLC. The EMMOS study was supported by research funding from Janssen Pharmaceutical NV and Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Funding Information: The authors would like to thank all patients and their families and all the EMMOS investigators for their valuable contributions to the study. The authors would like to acknowledge Robert Olie for his significant contribution to the EMMOS study. Writing support during the development of our report was provided by Laura Mulcahy and Catherine Crookes of FireKite, an Ashfield company, a part of UDG Healthcare plc, which was funded by Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Inc, and Janssen Global Services, LLC. The EMMOS study was supported by research funding from Janssen Pharmaceutical NV and Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Funding Information: M.M. has received personal fees from Janssen, Celgene, Amgen, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Sanofi, Novartis, and Takeda and grants from Janssen and Sanofi during the conduct of the study. E.T. has received grants from Janssen and personal fees from Janssen and Takeda during the conduct of the study, and grants from Amgen, Celgene/Genesis, personal fees from Amgen, Celgene/Genesis, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Novartis, and Glaxo-Smith Kline outside the submitted work. M.V.M. has received personal fees from Janssen, Celgene, Amgen, and Takeda outside the submitted work. M.C. reports honoraria from Janssen, outside the submitted work. M. B. reports grants from Janssen Cilag during the conduct of the study. M.D. has received honoraria for participation on advisory boards for Janssen, Celgene, Takeda, Amgen, and Novartis. H.S. has received honoraria from Janssen-Cilag, Celgene, Amgen, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Novartis, and Takeda outside the submitted work. V.P. reports personal fees from Janssen during the conduct of the study and grants, personal fees, and nonfinancial support from Amgen, grants and personal fees from Sanofi, and personal fees from Takeda outside the submitted work. W.W. has received personal fees and grants from Amgen, Celgene, Novartis, Roche, Takeda, Gilead, and Janssen and nonfinancial support from Roche outside the submitted work. J.S. reports grants and nonfinancial support from Janssen Pharmaceutical during the conduct of the study. V.L. reports funding from Janssen Global Services LLC during the conduct of the study and study support from Janssen-Cilag and Pharmion outside the submitted work. A.P. reports employment and shareholding of Janssen (Johnson & Johnson) during the conduct of the study. C.C. reports employment at Janssen-Cilag during the conduct of the study. C.F. reports employment at Janssen Research and Development during the conduct of the study. F.T.B. reports employment at Janssen-Cilag during the conduct of the study. The remaining authors have stated that they have no conflicts of interest. Publisher Copyright: © 2018 The AuthorsMultiple myeloma (MM) remains an incurable disease, with little information available on its management in real-world clinical practice. The results of the present prospective, noninterventional observational study revealed great diversity in the treatment regimens used to treat MM. Our results also provide data to inform health economic, pharmacoepidemiologic, and outcomes research, providing a framework for the design of protocols to improve the outcomes of patients with MM. Background: The present prospective, multinational, noninterventional study aimed to document and describe real-world treatment regimens and disease progression in multiple myeloma (MM) patients. Patients and Methods: Adult patients initiating any new MM therapy from October 2010 to October 2012 were eligible. A multistage patient/site recruitment model was applied to minimize the selection bias; enrollment was stratified by country, region, and practice type. The patient medical and disease features, treatment history, and remission status were recorded at baseline, and prospective data on treatment, efficacy, and safety were collected electronically every 3 months. Results: A total of 2358 patients were enrolled. Of these patients, 775 and 1583 did and did not undergo stem cell transplantation (SCT) at any time during treatment, respectively. Of the patients in the SCT and non-SCT groups, 49%, 21%, 14%, and 15% and 57%, 20%, 12% and 10% were enrolled at treatment line 1, 2, 3, and ≥ 4, respectively. In the SCT and non-SCT groups, 45% and 54% of the patients had received bortezomib-based therapy without thalidomide/lenalidomide, 12% and 18% had received thalidomide/lenalidomide-based therapy without bortezomib, and 30% and 4% had received bortezomib plus thalidomide/lenalidomide-based therapy as frontline treatment, respectively. The corresponding proportions of SCT and non-SCT patients in lines 2, 3, and ≥ 4 were 45% and 37%, 30% and 37%, and 12% and 3%, 33% and 27%, 35% and 32%, and 8% and 2%, and 27% and 27%, 27% and 23%, and 6% and 4%, respectively. In the SCT and non-SCT patients, the overall response rate was 86% to 97% and 64% to 85% in line 1, 74% to 78% and 59% to 68% in line 2, 55% to 83% and 48% to 60% in line 3, and 49% to 65% and 36% and 45% in line 4, respectively, for regimens that included bortezomib and/or thalidomide/lenalidomide. Conclusion: The results of our prospective study have revealed great diversity in the treatment regimens used to manage MM in real-life practice. This diversity was linked to factors such as novel agent accessibility and evolving treatment recommendations. Our results provide insight into associated clinical benefits.publishersversionPeer reviewe

Guidelines for the use of flow cytometry and cell sorting in immunological studies (third edition)

The third edition of Flow Cytometry Guidelines provides the key aspects to consider when performing flow cytometry experiments and includes comprehensive sections describing phenotypes and functional assays of all major human and murine immune cell subsets. Notably, the Guidelines contain helpful tables highlighting phenotypes and key differences between human and murine cells. Another useful feature of this edition is the flow cytometry analysis of clinical samples with examples of flow cytometry applications in the context of autoimmune diseases, cancers as well as acute and chronic infectious diseases. Furthermore, there are sections detailing tips, tricks and pitfalls to avoid. All sections are written and peer‐reviewed by leading flow cytometry experts and immunologists, making this edition an essential and state‐of‐the‐art handbook for basic and clinical researchers.DFG, 389687267, Kompartimentalisierung, Aufrechterhaltung und Reaktivierung humaner Gedächtnis-T-Lymphozyten aus Knochenmark und peripherem BlutDFG, 80750187, SFB 841: Leberentzündungen: Infektion, Immunregulation und KonsequenzenEC/H2020/800924/EU/International Cancer Research Fellowships - 2/iCARE-2DFG, 252623821, Die Rolle von follikulären T-Helferzellen in T-Helferzell-Differenzierung, Funktion und PlastizitätDFG, 390873048, EXC 2151: ImmunoSensation2 - the immune sensory syste

Die Sicht von Eltern auf männliche Fachkräfte in österreichischen Kindergärten : eine qualitativ-quantitative Studie

In dieser Arbeit soll der Fokus bei der Betrachtung männlicher Fachkräfte im Kindergarten auf deren Befähigung und deren pädagogischen Kompetenzen aus Sicht der Eltern liegen. Dabei wird nach einem historischen Rückblick auf männliche Fachkräfte in der Erziehung auf theoretische Überlegungen zur Befähigung beruflicher Erziehung aufgrund von Muttersein/Vatersein Bezug genommen. Darauf aufbauend wird auf die Notwendigkeit der Professionalisierung von (männlichen) Fachkräften verwiesen und werden Professionalisierungsmodelle dargestellt. Besondere Beachtung findet dabei das EPIK-Domänen-Modell von Schratz (2011), das auf den beforschten Kontext adaptiert angewendet wird. Die Sichtweisen der Eltern auf männliche Fachkräfte und deren Betrachtung aus professioneller Sicht werden mittels eines methodischen Mischverfahrens mit einer qualitativen Interviewuntersuchung (qualitative Inhaltsanalyse) und einer quantitativen Fragebogenerhebung beforscht, analysiert und dargestellt. Ein Ergebnis der Arbeit ist, dass sich Eltern primär über männliche Fachkräfte in Kindergärten freuen (z. B.: Einbringen anderer Aspekte, Förderung der Identitätsentwicklung, Aufbrechen von Rollenstereotypen), es aber auch leichte Vorbehalte (z. B.: bei Übernahmen von bestimmten Tätigkeiten, beim ersten Aufeinandertreffen aufgrund der ungewohnten Situation) gibt. Daraus ergeben sich die Notwendigkeit adäquaten professionellen Handelns von weiblichen und männlichen Fachkräften sowie der Bedarf an weiterer Professionalisierung.This research study contributes to the field by investigating the perception of parents on the ability and competences of male kindergarten teachers. An examination of the historical context of male specialists in education and the theoretical considerations of the role parents play in encouraging the pursuit of such an education has highlighted the need for further and ongoing professionalisation of male kindergarten teachers. The application of professionalisation models therefore plays an important role in this context. The EPIK domain model (Schratz, 2011) is particular significant and has been adapted to the research context. The aim of this study is to examine parents approaches regarding male kindergarten teachers as they play such a pivotal role in their daily interactions. This paper researches on and analyses the adults central viewpoint and presents results by means of triangulation, which employs an empirical qualitative interview (qualitative content analysis) and a quantitative questionnaire. A central finding of the study is that parents are primarily satisfied with males in kindergartens (e.g., bringing in other aspects, promoting the development of identity, breaking down role stereotypes), but also express minor reservations (e.g., undertaking certain duties; parents initial surprise during first encounters). These results demonstrate the need for adequate acting and re-acting of female and male professionals as well as the need for further consideration of professionalisation within this field of education.eingereicht von Mag. Gabriele SchauerAbweichender Titel laut Übersetzung der Verfasserin/des VerfassersZusammenfassung in englischer SpracheUniversität Innsbruck, Dissertation, 2017OeBB(VLID)224209