Dansal: Música, tradición e innovación entre las nuevas generaciones de la champeta en Cartagena

El presente estudio se inscribe en el marco de las investigaciones antropológicas sobre las músicas afrocaribeñas y sus dinámicas sociales, históricas y culturales. En la ciudad de Cartagena en Colombia, la música, y en especial el surgimiento de la música de champeta, como vehículo de comunicación intergeneracional entre grupos afrodescendientes ha transformado cómo ésta comunidad se observa a sí misma y cómo ésta es observada dese afuera. A su vez, ha dado lugar a nuevas identidades y al surgimiento de nuevos géneros musicales como el dansal. El Dansal es entonces, uno de estos nuevos géneros musicales que continúan el diálogo intergeneracional, pero que traen consigo nuevas demandas, lógicas, perspectivas y dinámicas para la construcción de ideales y para las relaciones interculturales de estos grupos. Esta investigación parte de una extensa etnografía en el Caribe colombiano y de la observación de las redes físicas y virtuales de comunicación y difusión que usan las colectividades productoras de música y los jóvenes de barrios marginales durante el periodo de 2010 a 2017, para llegar a observar al Dansal como un nuevo genero musical propio de Cartagena y de las fusiones entre champeta y dancehall jamaiquino, así como fenómeno histórico-cultural resultante de los encuentros entre los grupos de jóvenes afrodescendientes de las barriadas en Cartagena y los migrantes de las islas como San Andrés y Providencia. Un encuentro no sólo entre sus música sino entre sus contextos, historias, identidades y perspectivas a futuro. A diferencia de la música de champeta, que se construye a partir de su hiperlocalidad, su lógica de resistencia y la evidente ausencia de recursos, el Dansal ha entrado a participar de los efervescentes mercados de las músicas urbanas adentro y afuera de Cartagena y debido a su gran auge económico y social y al provecho que los mercados musicales han obtenido a partir de su masificación, a expuesto a los jóvenes músicos ante una realidad de posibilidades económicas, políticas y sociales, muy diferente a la de sus predecesores y que los obliga a generar nuevos mecanismos de diálogo y de reafirmación o reconstrucción de sus valores locales, sus músicas y su rol dentro de las comunidades.This study is part of anthropological research on Afro-Caribbean music and its social, historical and cultural dynamics. In the city of Cartagena in Colombia, music, and especially the emergence of champeta music as a vehicle for intergenerational communication among Afro-descendant groups, has transformed how this community observes itself and how it is observed from the outside. This has given rise to new identities and the emergence of new musical genres such as Dansal. Dansal is one of these new musical genres that continue the intergenerational dialogue, but which bring with it new demands, logics, perspectives and dynamics for the construction of ideals and for the intercultural relations of these groups. This research is based on an extensive ethnography in the Colombian Caribbean and the observation of the physical and virtual networks of communication and diffusion used by the music producing communities and the young people from cartagenian slums during the period from 2010 to 2017, in order to observe Dansal as a new musical genre of Cartagena and the fusions between champeta and dancehall jamaiquino, as well as historical-cultural phenomenon resulting from the meetings between the groups of Afro-descendants of the neighborhoods in Cartagena and the migrants of the caribeeann islands like San Andrés And Providence. An encounter not only between their music but also between their contexts, histories, identities and perspectives of the future. Unlike the champeta music, which is constructed from its hyperlocality, its logic of resistance and the evident lack of resources, Dansal has entered to participate in the effervescent markets of the urban music in and outside Cartagena and due to Its great economic and social boom and to the advantage that the musical markets have obtained from its massification, has exposed young musicians to a reality of economic, political and social possibilities very different from their predecessors and that forces them to generate new mechanisms for dialogue and reaffirmation or reconstruction of their local values, their music and their role within the communities

Ecological analysis of world trade

Ecological systems have a high level of complexity combined with stability and rich biodiversity. Recently, the analysis of their properties and evolution has been pushed forward on a basis of concept of mutualistic networks that provides a detailed understanding of their features being linked to a high nestedness of these networks. It was shown that the nestedness architecture of mutualistic networks of plants and their pollinators minimizes competition and increases biodiversity. Here, using the United Nations COMTRADE database for years 1962 - 2009, we show that a similar ecological analysis gives a valuable description of the world trade. In fact the countries and trade products are analogous to plants and pollinators, and the whole trade network is characterized by a low nestedness temperature which is typical for the ecological networks. This approach provides new mutualistic features of the world trade highlighting new significance of countries and trade products for the world trade.Comment: 5 pages, 6 figures (6 extra figures in Supporting Information

Quantum particles trapped in a position-dependent mass barrier; a d-dimensional recipe

We consider a free particle,V(r)=0, with position-dependent mass m(r)=1/(1+zeta^2*r^2)^2 in the d-dimensional schrodinger equation. The effective potential turns out to be a generalized Poschl-Teller potential that admits exact solution.Comment: 6 pages, no figures, to appear in Phys. Lett.

A singular position-dependent mass particle in an infinite potential well

We consider an unusual singular position=dependent-mass particle in an infinite potential well. The corresponding Hamiltonian is mapped through a point-canonical-transformation and an explicit correspondence between the target Hamiltonian and a Poschl-Teller type reference Hamiltonian is obtained. New ordering ambiguity parametric setting are suggested.Comment: 13 pages, no figures. To appear in Phys. Lett.

Rehabilitación fija sobre dos implantes cortos ferulizados en vano desdentado maxilar posterior atrófico

Background: A problem when planning implants in long-standing toothless areas is the atrophy of the alveolar ridge close to the maxillary sinus1. Additional surgical procedures (maxillary sinus lift and grafts) are usually performed to install conventional implants (≥10mm in length), involving high morbidity, invasiveness, prolonged healing periods, and high treatment costs2. A solution to this problem is the use of short implants (<10mm in length).The objective is to document the use of short implants as a successful alternative in implant-supported rehabilitation of the free end span in the posterior maxillary area with low bone height. Clinical Presentation: Female patient, 62 years old, with no relevant medical history, consulted for the rehabilitation of teeth 14 and 15 extracted 10 years ago. On clinical examination, the scarce bone height of the left posterior maxillary space was evidenced. Radiographically there was proximity to the maxillary sinus.Short implants of 5 mm wide and 7 long were installed for tooth 14 and 5 mm wide and 6 long for tooth 15 (Unitite Prime Compact, SIN Brand), being rehabilitated and splinted using a fixed prosthesis cemented on an abutment of titanium. 12 months after rehabilitation, she maintained excellent functional results. Clinical Relevance: The literature reports that short implants are a viable treatment alternative in atrophic ridges, demonstrating a satisfactory survival rate similar to long implants but with less marginal bone loss, risk of complications, surgical time, and cost of treatment3,4.When multiple short implants are required, splinted restorations can be performed, increasing the area of occlusal resistance to axial forces, distributing less load towards the cement, implant abutment, and peri-implant interface. Rehabilitations of this type have shown fewer prosthetic complications, screw loosening, and the number of failed implants4. Conclusion: Rehabilitation using short splinted implants is a valid option for rehabilitating posterior areas of the atrophic maxilla, avoiding the need for complementary surgeries, obtaining satisfactory survival rates with low complications and better prosthetic prognosis than long implants after additional surgical techniques and short non-splinted implants.Antecedentes: Una problemática al planificar implantes en zonas desdentadas de larga data, es la atrofia del reborde alveolar cercano al seno maxilar1. Se realizan procedimientos quirúrgicos adicionales (elevación de seno maxilar e injertos), para instalar implantes convencionales (≥10mm de longitud), que implican una alta morbilidad, invasividad, curación prolongada y altos costos de tratamiento2. Una solución es el uso de implantes cortos (<10mm de longitud).Presentación Clínica: Paciente sexo femenino, 62 años, sin antecedentes médicos de relevancia, consulta por rehabilitación de dientes 14 y 15 extraídos hace 10 años. Al examen se evidencia escasa altura ósea. Radiográficamente existe cercanía con el seno maxilar.Se instalaron implantes cortos para los dientes 14 y 15, siendo rehabilitados y ferulizados mediante prótesis fija cementada sobre pilar de titanio. A 12 meses de la rehabilitación, mantuvo excelentes resultados funcionales.Relevancia Clínica: La literatura reporta que los implantes cortos son una alternativa de tratamiento viable en crestas atróficas, demostrando una tasa de supervivencia satisfactoria similar a los implantes largos pero con menor pérdida ósea marginal, riesgo de complicaciones, tiempo quirúrgico y costo del tratamiento3,4.Cuando se requieren múltiples implantes cortos, se pueden realizar rehabilitaciones ferulizadas, aumentando el área de resistencia oclusal a fuerzas axiales, distribuyendo menor carga hacia el cemento, pilar de implante e interfaz periimplantaria. Rehabilitaciones de este tipo han demostrado menores complicaciones protésicas, aflojamiento de tornillos y número de implantes fallidos4.Conclusión: La rehabilitación mediante implantes cortos ferulizados es una opción válida para la rehabilitación sobre zonas posteriores del maxilar atrófico, evitando la necesidad de cirugías complementarias, obteniéndose tasas de supervivencia satisfactorias con bajas complicaciones y mejor pronóstico protésico que los implantes largos post técnicas quirúrgicas adicionales e implantes cortos no ferulizados

The City of Jonestown: Wastewater Master Plan

This project is sponsored in part by the Jonestown City Council with Marilee Pfannstiel as the Community Development Director of Jonestown, and in part by Frank Phelan, P.E. from Jay Engineering Company. Mr. Phelan was commissioned by the city to design their public sewer system and is the engineering lead for the students in the Biological and Agricultural Engineering department at Texas A&M University working in conjunction with Mr. Phelan.The City of Jonestown is committed to responsible planned development, economic vitality, public service improvements, continued park expansions, and overall improved quality of life for its residents. Developing and maintaining a city-wide wastewater collection system is an important step in creating a clean, safe environment for the public, especially as the city looks forward to a blooming commercial and residential sectors.Texas Target Communities, Frank Phela

Ordering ambiguity revisited via position dependent mass pseudo-momentum operators

Ordering ambiguity associated with the von Roos position dependent mass (PDM) Hamiltonian is considered. An affine locally scaled first order differential introduced, in Eq.(9), as a PDM-pseudo-momentum operator. Upon intertwining our Hamiltonian, which is the sum of the square of this operator and the potential function, with the von Roos d-dimensional PDM-Hamiltonian, we observed that the so-called von Roos ambiguity parameters are strictly determined, but not necessarily unique. Our new ambiguity parameters' setting is subjected to Dutra's and Almeida's [11] reliability test and classified as good ordering.Comment: 10 pages, no figures, revised/expanded, mathematical presentations in section 2 (Especially, the typological Errors in Eqs.(9)-(12))are now corrected. To appear in the Int. J. Theor. Phy

Quantum computation based on d-level cluster states

The concept of qudit (a d-level system) cluster state is proposed by generalizing the qubit cluster state (Phys. Rev. Lett. \textbf{86}, 910 (2001)) according to the finite dimensional representations of quantum plane algebra. We demonstrate their quantum correlations and prove a theorem which guarantees the availability of the qudit cluster states in quantum computation. We explicitly construct the network to show the universality of the one-way computer based on the defined qudit cluster states and single-qudit measurement. And the corresponding protocol of implementing one-way quantum computer can be suggested with the high dimensional "Ising" model which can be found in many magnetic systems.Comment: Revtex4, 15 pages, 3 eps figure

SuSpect: a Fortran Code for the Supersymmetric and Higgs Particle Spectrum in the MSSM

We present the Fortran code SuSpect version 2.3, which calculates the Supersymmetric and Higgs particle spectrum in the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM). The calculation can be performed in constrained models with universal boundary conditions at high scales such as the gravity (mSUGRA), anomaly (AMSB) or gauge (GMSB) mediated breaking models, but also in the non-universal MSSM case with R-parity and CP conservation. Care has been taken to treat important features such as the renormalization group evolution of parameters between low and high energy scales, the consistent implementation of radiative electroweak symmetry breaking and the calculation of the physical masses of the Higgs bosons and supersymmetric particles taking into account the dominant radiative corrections. Some checks of important theoretical and experimental features, such as the absence of non desired minima, large fine-tuning in the electroweak symmetry breaking condition, as well as agreement with precision measurements can be performed. The program is user friendly, simple to use, self-contained and can easily be linked with other codes; it is rather fast and flexible, thus allowing scans of the parameter space with several possible options and choices for model assumptions and approximations.Comment: 44 pages, 1 figure. Program updated and text shortened. The program can be found at http://www.lpta.univ-montp2.fr/~kneur/Suspec

Effect of biased noise fluctuations on the output radiation of coherent beat laser

Effect of biased noise fluctuations on the degree of squeezing as well as the intensity of a radiation generated by a one-photon coherent beat laser is presented. It turns out that the radiation exhibits squeezing inside and outside the cavity under certain conditions. The degree of squeezing is enhanced by the biased noise input significantly in both regions. Despite the presence of the biased environment modes outside the cavity, the degree of squeezing outside the cavity can be greater than or equal to or even less than the cavity radiation depending on the initial preparation of the atomic superposition and amplitude of the external driving radiation. But the intensity of the radiation is found to be lesser outside the cavity regardless of these parameters.Comment: 18 pages, 7 figure