996 research outputs found
Color and charge breaking minima in the MSSM
The scalar potential of theories with broken supersymmetry can have a number
of local minima characterized by different gauge groups. Symmetry properties of
the physical vacuum constrain the parameters of the MSSM. We discuss these
constraints, in particular those that result from the vacuum stability with
respect to quantum tunneling.Comment: 3 pages, latex, macros and three figures included, complete
postscript file is available at
ftp://dept.physics.upenn.edu/pub/Kusenko/SUSY96.ps . Talk presented at
SUSY'96, University of Maryland, May 29 - June 1, 199
Bound states and resonances in the scalar sector of the MSSM
The trilinear couplings of squarks and sleptons to the Higgs bosons can give
rise to a spectrum of bound states with exotic quantum numbers, for example,
those of a leptoquark.Comment: 8 pages, 2 eps figures, latex, epsf; published version (minor changes
in wording and referencing
Small Q balls
We develop an adequate description of non-topological solitons with a small
charge, for which the thin-wall approximation is not valid. There is no
classical lower limit on the charge of a stable Q-ball. We examine the
parameters of these small-charge solitons and discuss the limits of
applicability of the semiclassical approximation.Comment: 10 pages, latex, epsf, 2 figures include
Analytical and numerical properties of Q-balls
Stable non-topological solitons, Q-balls, are studied using analytical and
numerical methods. Three different physically interesting potentials that
support Q-ball solutions are considered: two typical polynomial potentials and
a logarithmic potential inspired by supersymmetry. It is shown that Q-balls in
these potentials exhibit different properties in the thick-wall limit where the
charge of a Q-ball is typically considerably smaller than in the thin-wall
limit. Analytical criteria are derived to check whether stable Q-balls exists
in the thick-wall limit for typical potentials. Q-ball charge, energy and
profiles are presented for each potential studied. Evaporation rates are
calculated in the perfect thin-wall limit and for realistic Q-ball profiles. It
is shown that in each case the evaporation rate increases with decreasing
charge.Comment: 25 page
Q-ball collisions in the MSSM: gauge-mediated supersymmetry breaking
Collisions of non-topological solitons, Q-balls, are considered in the
Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model where supersymmetry has been broken at a
low energy scale via a gauge mediated mechanism. Q-ball collisions are studied
numerically on a two dimensional lattice for a range of Q-ball charges. Total
cross-sections, as well as fusion and geometrical cross-sections are
calculated. The total and geometrical cross-sections appear to converge with
increasing charge. The fusion cross-section has been estimated to be larger
than 60% of the geometrical cross-section for large balls.Comment: 9 pages, 3 figure
Resonant production of gamma rays in jolted cold neutron stars
Acoustic shock waves passing through colliding cold neutron stars can cause
repetitive superconducting phase transitions in which the proton condensate
relaxes to its equilibrium value via coherent oscillations. As a result, a
resonant non-thermal production of gamma rays in the MeV energy range with
power up to 10^(52) erg/s can take place during the short period of time before
the nuclear matter is heated by the shock waves.Comment: 9 pages, 2 figures include
Supersymmetric Q-balls: theory and cosmology
MSSM predicts the existence of Q-balls, some of which can be entirely stable.
Both stable and unstable Q-balls can play an important role in cosmology. In
particular, Affleck-Dine baryogenesis can result in a copious production of
stable baryonic Q-balls, which can presently exist as a form of dark matter.Comment: talk presented at PASCOS-98; transparencies available at
http://wwwinfo.cern.ch/~kusenko/PASCOS98.ps; 4 pages, latex, sprocl, psfi
Q-balls in Underground Experiments
In this paper we present some features of Q-balls and we discuss their
interactions with matter, and their energy losses in the Earth, for a large
range of velocities. These calculations are used to compute the fractional
geometrical acceptance of the MACRO detector. Furthermore a systematic analysis
of the energy losses of Q-balls in three types of detectors is investigated.
More specifically we have computed the light yield in liquid scintillators, the
ionization in streamer tubes and the Restricted Energy Loss in the CR39 nuclear
track detectors.Comment: 7 pages, 4 PS figures included with epsfig, uses espcrc2.sty Talk
given at the Sixth Topical Seminar on Neutrino and Astroparticle Physics, San
Miniato, Italy, 17-21 May 199
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