Experience with fulvestrant acetate in castration-resistant prostate cancer patients

Gasent Blesa, JM.; Alberola Candel, V.; Giner Marco, V.; Giner-Bosch, V.; Provencio Pulla, M.; Laforga Canales, JB. (2010). Experience with fulvestrant acetate in castration-resistant prostate cancer patients. Annals of Oncology. 21(5):1131-1132. doi:10.1093/annonc/mdq010S11311132215Fawell, S. E., White, R., Hoare, S., Sydenham, M., Page, M., & Parker, M. G. (1990). Inhibition of estrogen receptor-DNA binding by the «pure» antiestrogen ICI 164,384 appears to be mediated by impaired receptor dimerization. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 87(17), 6883-6887. doi:10.1073/pnas.87.17.6883Dauvois, S., Danielian, P. S., White, R., & Parker, M. G. (1992). Antiestrogen ICI 164,384 reduces cellular estrogen receptor content by increasing its turnover. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 89(9), 4037-4041. doi:10.1073/pnas.89.9.4037Leav, I., Lau, K.-M., Adams, J. Y., McNeal, J. E., Taplin, M.-E., Wang, J., … Ho, S.-M. (2001). Comparative Studies of the Estrogen Receptors β and α and the Androgen Receptor in Normal Human Prostate Glands, Dysplasia, and in Primary and Metastatic Carcinoma. The American Journal of Pathology, 159(1), 79-92. doi:10.1016/s0002-9440(10)61676-8Bhattacharyya, R. S. (2006). Fulvestrant (ICI 182,780) down-regulates androgen receptor expression and diminishes androgenic responses in LNCaP human prostate cancer cells. Molecular Cancer Therapeutics, 5(6), 1539-1549. doi:10.1158/1535-7163.mct-06-0065Galsky, M. D., Simon, K., Sonpavde, G., Hutson, T. E., Fleming, M., Kondagunta, G. V., & Berry, W. (2009). Ketoconazole retains activity in patients with docetaxel-refractory prostate cancer. Annals of Oncology, 20(5), 965-966. doi:10.1093/annonc/mdp199Serrate, C., Loriot, Y., De La Motte Rouge, T., Gross-Goupil, M., Massard, C., Escudier, B., … Fizazi, K. (2009). Diethylstilbestrol (DES) retains activity and is a reasonable option in patients previously treated with docetaxel for castration-resistant prostate cancer. Annals of Oncology, 20(5), 965-965. doi:10.1093/annonc/mdp112Chadha, M. K., Ashraf, U., Lawrence, D., Tian, L., Levine, E., Silliman, C., … Trump, D. L. (2008). Phase II study of fulvestrant (faslodex®) in castration resistant prostate cancer. The Prostate, 68(13), 1461-1466. doi:10.1002/pros.2081

AGRONOMIC EFFICIENCY OF FERTILIZERS BASED ON HUMUS, ROCK POWDER, AND MINERALS ON SOYBEAN YIELD IN PARAGUAY-PY

Soybean is the most commercially cultivated crop in Paraguay, and obtaining high yields requires the application of large amounts of fertilizers, raising the cost of production. Developing strategies for the efficient use of applied nutrients is necessary. Therefore, the study aimed to evaluate the agronomic efficiency of combinations of mineral fertilizers with organic matter and rock powder in the development, nutrition, and yield of soybean. The experiment was carried out in Hernandarias, Paraguay, in the 2016-2017 harvest. The different fertilizers influenced the absorption of Zn, Mg and K, and grain yield. Among the treatments, the highlight was the agronomic efficiency index obtained by the replacement of 30% of mineral fertilizer by humus, presenting grain yield of 3219, 67 kg ha-1. However, it was equal to the mixing 30% of humus + rock powder with 70% of NPK formulation 04:40:10 with grain yield of 3206.50 kg ha-1, and the mixing 20% of humus + rock powder with 80% of NPK formulation 04:40:10 with grain yield of 3165.17 kg ha-1. Thus, it is recommended to use rock powder and humus in soybean production in Paraguay, especially in Latossolos (Oxisols) that have little organic matter and low CTC

Absorbance based light emitting diode optical sensors and sensing devices

The ever increasing demand for in situ monitoring of health, environment and security has created a need for reliable, miniaturised sensing devices. To achieve this, appropriate analytical devices are required that possess operating characteristics of reliability, low power consumption, low cost, autonomous operation capability and compatibility with wireless communications systems. The use of light emitting diodes (LEDs) as light sources is one strategy, which has been successfully applied in chemical sensing. This paper summarises the development and advancement of LED based chemical sensors and sensing devices in terms of their configuration and application, with the focus on transmittance and reflectance absorptiometric measurements

Asynchronous Byzantine Consensus with 2f+1 Processes (extended version)

Reviewed by Paulo J. SousaByzantine consensus in asynchronous message-passing systems has been shown to require at least $3f+1$ processes to be solvable in several system models (e.g., with failure detectors, partial synchrony or randomization). Recently a couple of solutions to implement Byzantine fault-tolerant state-machine replication using only $2f+1$ replicas have appeared. This reduction from $3f+1$ to $2f+1$ is possible with a hybrid system model, i.e., by extending the system model with trusted/trustworthy components that constrain the power of faulty processes to have certain behaviors. Despite these important results, the problem of solving Byzantine consensus with only $2f+1$ processes is still far from being well understood. In this paper we present a methodology to transform crash consensus algorithms into Byzantine consensus algorithms with different characteristics, with the assistance of a reliable broadcast primitive that requires trusted/trustworthy components to be implemented. We exemplify the methodology with two algorithms, one that uses failure detectors and one that is randomized. We also define a new flavor of consensus and use it to solve atomic broadcast with only $2f+1$ processes, showing the practical interest of the consensus algorithms presented

Hip fracture risk assessment: Artificial neural network outperforms conditional logistic regression in an age- and sex-matched case control study

Copyright @ 2013 Tseng et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.Background - Osteoporotic hip fractures with a significant morbidity and excess mortality among the elderly have imposed huge health and economic burdens on societies worldwide. In this age- and sex-matched case control study, we examined the risk factors of hip fractures and assessed the fracture risk by conditional logistic regression (CLR) and ensemble artificial neural network (ANN). The performances of these two classifiers were compared. Methods - The study population consisted of 217 pairs (149 women and 68 men) of fractures and controls with an age older than 60 years. All the participants were interviewed with the same standardized questionnaire including questions on 66 risk factors in 12 categories. Univariate CLR analysis was initially conducted to examine the unadjusted odds ratio of all potential risk factors. The significant risk factors were then tested by multivariate analyses. For fracture risk assessment, the participants were randomly divided into modeling and testing datasets for 10-fold cross validation analyses. The predicting models built by CLR and ANN in modeling datasets were applied to testing datasets for generalization study. The performances, including discrimination and calibration, were compared with non-parametric Wilcoxon tests. Results - In univariate CLR analyses, 16 variables achieved significant level, and six of them remained significant in multivariate analyses, including low T score, low BMI, low MMSE score, milk intake, walking difficulty, and significant fall at home. For discrimination, ANN outperformed CLR in both 16- and 6-variable analyses in modeling and testing datasets (p?<?0.005). For calibration, ANN outperformed CLR only in 16-variable analyses in modeling and testing datasets (p?=?0.013 and 0.047, respectively). Conclusions - The risk factors of hip fracture are more personal than environmental. With adequate model construction, ANN may outperform CLR in both discrimination and calibration. ANN seems to have not been developed to its full potential and efforts should be made to improve its performance.National Health Research Institutes in Taiwa

Chemical Bonding of Transition-metal Co13_{13} Clusters with Graphene

We carried out density functional calculation to study Co$_{13}$ clusters on graphene. We deposit several free isomers in different disposition respect to hexagonal lattice nodes, studying even the $hcp$ $2d$ isomer recently obtained as the most stable one. Surprisingly, Co$_{13}$ clusters bonded to graphene prefer $icosahedron-like$ structures where the low lying isomer is much distorted, because it is linked with more bonds than in previous works. For any isomer the most stable position binds to graphene by the Co atoms that can lose electrons. We find that the charge transfers between graphene and clusters are small enough to conclude that the Co-graphene binding is not ionic-like but chemical. Besides, the same order of stability among the different isomers on doped graphene is well kept. These findings could also be of interest for magnetic clusters on graphenic nanostructures such as ribbons and nanotubes.Comment: 12 pages, 6 figure