Model of action plan for management systems energy

The ISO 50001 standard unified in 2011, internationally, the accumulated knowledge concerning integrated management systems of energy; ie learning, dissemination, and implementation requirements are in force, particularly in routine activities of the business sector. Therefore, this article presents the general ideas about the most important features to consider in the developing of action plans, adaptable to business peculiarities: actions, objectives of each action, description, times when you must run, the estimated budget, both human and financial resources available and technical and human resources responsible for the success of the plan. Is proposed as research product, a new tool based on the ISO 50001 standard and the “ Guide to implementation of a comprehensive energy management” developed by the Unit of Mining and Energy Planning (UPME)

Absorbance based light emitting diode optical sensors and sensing devices

The ever increasing demand for in situ monitoring of health, environment and security has created a need for reliable, miniaturised sensing devices. To achieve this, appropriate analytical devices are required that possess operating characteristics of reliability, low power consumption, low cost, autonomous operation capability and compatibility with wireless communications systems. The use of light emitting diodes (LEDs) as light sources is one strategy, which has been successfully applied in chemical sensing. This paper summarises the development and advancement of LED based chemical sensors and sensing devices in terms of their configuration and application, with the focus on transmittance and reflectance absorptiometric measurements

Kilonova Luminosity Function Constraints Based on Zwicky Transient Facility Searches for 13 Neutron Star Merger Triggers during O3

We present a systematic search for optical counterparts to 13 gravitational wave (GW) triggers involving at least one neutron star during LIGO/Virgo's third observing run (O3). We searched binary neutron star (BNS) and neutron star black hole (NSBH) merger localizations with the Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF) and undertook follow-up with the Global Relay of Observatories Watching Transients Happen (GROWTH) collaboration. The GW triggers had a median localization area of 4480 deg², a median distance of 267 Mpc, and false-alarm rates ranging from 1.5 to 10⁻²⁵ yr⁻¹. The ZTF coverage in the g and r bands had a median enclosed probability of 39%, median depth of 20.8 mag, and median time lag between merger and the start of observations of 1.5 hr. The O3 follow-up by the GROWTH team comprised 340 UltraViolet/Optical/InfraRed (UVOIR) photometric points, 64 OIR spectra, and three radio images using 17 different telescopes. We find no promising kilonovae (radioactivity-powered counterparts), and we show how to convert the upper limits to constrain the underlying kilonova luminosity function. Initially, we assume that all GW triggers are bona fide astrophysical events regardless of false-alarm rate and that kilonovae accompanying BNS and NSBH mergers are drawn from a common population; later, we relax these assumptions. Assuming that all kilonovae are at least as luminous as the discovery magnitude of GW170817 (−16.1 mag), we calculate that our joint probability of detecting zero kilonovae is only 4.2%. If we assume that all kilonovae are brighter than −16.6 mag (the extrapolated peak magnitude of GW170817) and fade at a rate of 1 mag day⁻¹ (similar to GW170817), the joint probability of zero detections is 7%. If we separate the NSBH and BNS populations based on the online classifications, the joint probability of zero detections, assuming all kilonovae are brighter than −16.6 mag, is 9.7% for NSBH and 7.9% for BNS mergers. Moreover, no more than 10⁻⁴, or φ > 30° to be consistent with our limits. We look forward to searches in the fourth GW observing run; even 17 neutron star mergers with only 50% coverage to a depth of −16 mag would constrain the maximum fraction of bright kilonovae to <25%

MODEL OF ACTION PLAN FOR MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS ENERGY

The ISO 50001 standard unified in 2011, internationally, the accumulated knowledge concerning integrated management systems of energy; ie learning, dissemination, and implementation requirements are in force, particularly in routine activities of the business sector. Therefore, this article presents the general ideas about the most important features to consider in the developing of action plans, adaptable to business peculiarities: actions, objectives of each action, description, times when you must run, the estimated budget, both human and financial resources available and technical and human resources responsible for the success of the plan. Is proposed as research product, a new tool based on the ISO 50001 standard and the “ Guide to implementation of a comprehensive energy management” developed by the Unit of Mining and Energy Planning (UPME)

Propuesta de plan de acción para la implementación de un sistema de gestión de energía

The ISO 50001 standard unified in 2011, internationally, the accumulated knowledge concerning integrated management systems of energy; ie learning, dissemination, and implementation requirements are in force, particularly in routine activities of the business sector. Therefore, this article presents the general ideas about the most important features to consider in the developing of action plans, adaptable to business peculiarities: actions, objectives of each action, description, times when you must run, the estimated budget, both human and financial resources available and technical and human resources responsible for the success of the plan. Is proposed as research product, a new tool based on the ISO 50001 standard and the “ Guide to implementation of a comprehensive energy management” developed by the Unit of Mining and Energy Planning (UPME).La norma ISO 50001 unificó en 2011, a nivel internacional, el acumulado de conocimiento concerniente a los sistemas de gestión integral de energía; es decir, su aprendizaje, divulgación, e implementación son necesidades vigentes, particularmente en actividades rutinarias del sector empresarial. Por lo anterior, el presente artículo presenta las ideas generales sobre las características más importantes a tener en cuenta en la elaboración de planes de acción, adaptables a las particularidades empresariales: acciones, objetivos de cada acción,su descripción, los tiempos en los que debe ejecutarse, el presupuesto estimado, los recursos disponibles tanto humanos como financieros y técnicos y el recurso humano responsable del éxito del plan. Se propone, como producto de investigación, una nueva herramienta basada en la norma ISO 50001 y en la “ guía para implementación de un sistema de gestión integral de energía” desarrollado por la Unidad de Planeación Minero-energética (UPME)