Barreras lingüísticas en los servicios públicos en Cataluña : la percepción de los trabajadores

El presente artículo tiene por objeto ofrecer un análisis sobre la cuestión de la comunicación interlingüística en los servicios públicos en Cataluña. Las reflexiones que en él presentamos se basan en los resultados de un estudio realizado a través de encuestas a trabajadores de los servicios públicos. Los datos recabados nos ofrecen una visión informada de la percepción que los propios trabajadores tienen acerca de la problemática situación de dificultad comunicativa con los usuarios por causa de barreras lingüísticas y culturales. Nos permiten conocer asimismo, las diferentes estrategias a las que recurren para solventar el problema y en particular, nos permiten analizar la visión que tienen los trabajadores encuestados acerca de la comunicación cuando interviene una tercera persona, ya sea ésta un familiar o allegado de otro tipo, voluntarios, o un profesional de la interpretación y/o la mediación.The aim of this paper is to provide an analysis on the topic of intercultural communication in the public services in Catalonia. The study is based on the results of a survey conducted among public service providers. The data from this survey offer informed knowledge of the perception that providers themselves have regarding the problematic situation where communication with service users is hindered by the presence of linguistic and cultural barriers. They also provide us with information regarding the different strategies resorted to by providers to overcome this obstacle. In particular, we obtain interesting insights about the perspective that the providers surveyed have regarding communication when a third person intervenes; whether this person is a family member or a friend, a volunteer or a professional interpreter or mediator

LANGUAGE BARRIERS IN PUBLIC SERVICES IN CATALONIA: THE PROVIDERS’ PERCEPTION

El presente artículo tiene por objeto ofrecer un análisis sobre la cuestión de la comunicación interlingüística en los servicios públicos en Cataluña. Las reflexiones que en él presentamos se basan en los resultados de un estudio realizado a través de encues- tas a trabajadores de los servicios públicos. Los datos recabados nos ofrecen una visión informada de la percepción que los propios trabajadores tienen acerca de la problemática situación de dificultad comunicativa con los usuarios por causa de barreras lingüísticas y culturales. Nos permiten conocer asimismo, las diferentes estrategias a las que recurren para solventar el problema y en particular, nos permiten analizar la visión que tienen los trabajadores encuestados acerca de la comunicación cuando interviene una tercera persona, ya sea ésta un familiar o allegado de otro tipo, voluntarios, o un profesional de la interpretación y/o la mediación.The aim of this paper is to provide an analysis on the topic of intercultural communication in the public services in Catalonia. The study is based on the results of a survey conducted among public service providers. The data from this survey offer informed knowledge of the perception that providers themselves have regarding the problematic situation where communication with service users is hindered by the presence of linguistic and cultural barriers. They also provide us with information regarding the different strategies resorted to by providers to overcome this obstacle. In particular, we obtain interesting insights about the perspective that the providers surveyed have regarding communication when a third person intervenes; whether this person is a family member or a friend, a volunteer or a professional interpreter or mediator

Barcelonesas de contexto cultural chino : retos y oportunidades para la ciudad

Sol·licitant de l’informe: Regidoria de Feminismes i LGTBIPodeu consultar el resum executiu a: http://hdl.handle.net/11703/11105

Traducció i immigració : la formació de traductors i intèrprets als serveis públics, noves solucions per a noves realitats

L'estudi que presentem té com a propòsit difondre els objectius, la metodologia i els principals resultats del projecte Traducció i immigració: la formació de traductors i intèrprets als serveis públics, noves solucions per a noves realitats, dut a terme pel grup MIRAS (Mediació i Interpretació: Recerca en l'Àmbit Social) entre els anys 2009 i 2010. L'objectiu general d'aquest projecte ha estat recopilar i analitzar un corpus significatiu de dades empíriques sobre la situació de la traducció i interpretació als serveis públics a Catalunya des de la perspectiva dels tres agents que participen en la interacció comunicativa: a) els mediadors-traductors-intèrprets, b) els usuaris dels serveis públics, i c) els proveïdors directes d'aquests serveis. Les dades obtingudes -tant quantitatives com qualitatives- ens han permès no tan sols definir el perfil i la pràctica professional del traductor i intèrpret als serveis públics de Catalunya, sinó també obtenir una gran quantitat d'informació objectiva sobre les necessitats i les preferències dels usuaris i proveïdors dels serveis públics: amb quin tipus de dificultats comunicatives se solen enfrontar, quin tipus de mediació prefereixen uns i altres, quines són les llengües estrangeres més requerides, quines particularitats presenta cada àmbit d'actuació, etc.The aim of the present study is to publish the principal objectives, methodology and results of the project Translation and Immigration: the training of public service translators and interpreters, new solutions for new scenarios. The overall objective of the project, which was carried out during the period 2009 -2010, was to assemble and analyze a significant corpus of empirical data on the situation of Public Service Interpreting and Translating in Catalonia from the perspective of the three agents participating in the communicative interaction: a) the mediator-translator-interpreter, b) the public services end-user and c) the front-line public services provider. From the data obtained -both quantitative and qualitative- we were able not only to define the professional profile and practice of the public services translator and interpreter in Catalonia, but also to obtain a large quantity of objective information about the needs and preferences of the endusers and providers of public services: what sort of difficulties do they encounter in their communication exchanges; what sort of mediation do the two groups prefer; which foreign languages are most in demand; what are the specific characteristics involved in each field of intervention, etc

Comunicar en la diversitat. Intèrprets, traductors i mediadors als serveis públics

Informe dut a terme pel grup MIRAS (Mediació i Interpretació: Recerca en l'Àmbit Social) del Departament de Traducció i Interpretació de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona a partir de qüestionaris adreçats als traductors, intèrprets i usuaris dels serveis públics. Detalla el nombre d'usuaris dels serveis, els idiomes més utilitzats, els problemes de comunicació que es plantegen, la formació dels professionals, les tasques que duen a terme, les dificultats amb què es troben, etc

Treatment with tocilizumab or corticosteroids for COVID-19 patients with hyperinflammatory state: a multicentre cohort study (SAM-COVID-19)

Objectives: The objective of this study was to estimate the association between tocilizumab or corticosteroids and the risk of intubation or death in patients with coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) with a hyperinflammatory state according to clinical and laboratory parameters. Methods: A cohort study was performed in 60 Spanish hospitals including 778 patients with COVID-19 and clinical and laboratory data indicative of a hyperinflammatory state. Treatment was mainly with tocilizumab, an intermediate-high dose of corticosteroids (IHDC), a pulse dose of corticosteroids (PDC), combination therapy, or no treatment. Primary outcome was intubation or death; follow-up was 21 days. Propensity score-adjusted estimations using Cox regression (logistic regression if needed) were calculated. Propensity scores were used as confounders, matching variables and for the inverse probability of treatment weights (IPTWs). Results: In all, 88, 117, 78 and 151 patients treated with tocilizumab, IHDC, PDC, and combination therapy, respectively, were compared with 344 untreated patients. The primary endpoint occurred in 10 (11.4%), 27 (23.1%), 12 (15.4%), 40 (25.6%) and 69 (21.1%), respectively. The IPTW-based hazard ratios (odds ratio for combination therapy) for the primary endpoint were 0.32 (95%CI 0.22-0.47; p < 0.001) for tocilizumab, 0.82 (0.71-1.30; p 0.82) for IHDC, 0.61 (0.43-0.86; p 0.006) for PDC, and 1.17 (0.86-1.58; p 0.30) for combination therapy. Other applications of the propensity score provided similar results, but were not significant for PDC. Tocilizumab was also associated with lower hazard of death alone in IPTW analysis (0.07; 0.02-0.17; p < 0.001). Conclusions: Tocilizumab might be useful in COVID-19 patients with a hyperinflammatory state and should be prioritized for randomized trials in this situatio

Diverse Large HIV-1 Non-subtype B Clusters Are Spreading Among Men Who Have Sex With Men in Spain

In Western Europe, the HIV-1 epidemic among men who have sex with men (MSM) is dominated by subtype B. However, recently, other genetic forms have been reported to circulate in this population, as evidenced by their grouping in clusters predominantly comprising European individuals. Here we describe four large HIV-1 non-subtype B clusters spreading among MSM in Spain. Samples were collected in 9 regions. A pol fragment was amplified from plasma RNA or blood-extracted DNA. Phylogenetic analyses were performed via maximum likelihood, including database sequences of the same genetic forms as the identified clusters. Times and locations of the most recent common ancestors (MRCA) of clusters were estimated with a Bayesian method. Five large non-subtype B clusters associated with MSM were identified. The largest one, of F1 subtype, was reported previously. The other four were of CRF02_AG (CRF02_1; n = 115) and subtypes A1 (A1_1; n = 66), F1 (F1_3; n = 36), and C (C_7; n = 17). Most individuals belonging to them had been diagnosed of HIV-1 infection in the last 10 years. Each cluster comprised viruses from 3 to 8 Spanish regions and also comprised or was related to viruses from other countries: CRF02_1 comprised a Japanese subcluster and viruses from 8 other countries from Western Europe, Asia, and South America; A1_1 comprised viruses from Portugal, United Kingom, and United States, and was related to the A1 strain circulating in Greece, Albania and Cyprus; F1_3 was related to viruses from Romania; and C_7 comprised viruses from Portugal and was related to a virus from Mozambique. A subcluster within CRF02_1 was associated with heterosexual transmission. Near full-length genomes of each cluster were of uniform genetic form. Times of MRCAs of CRF02_1, A1_1, F1_3, and C_7 were estimated around 1986, 1989, 2013, and 1983, respectively. MRCA locations for CRF02_1 and A1_1 were uncertain (however initial expansions in Spain in Madrid and Vigo, respectively, were estimated) and were most probable in Bilbao, Spain, for F1_3 and Portugal for C_7. These results show that the HIV-1 epidemic among MSM in Spain is becoming increasingly diverse through the expansion of diverse non-subtype B clusters, comprising or related to viruses circulating in other countries

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Abstract Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

La intermediació lingüística per part de menors a Catalunya

BH 10.02.2023 - Consulta feta a Mireia VargasEls infants, joves i adolescents tenen un paper molt important en els processos migratoris. La immersió lingüística que viuen gràcies a l'escolarització els facilita l'aprenentatge de les llengües vehiculars, que a vegades adquireixen més de pressa que els seus pares i mares. Això fa que sovint es converteixin en «traductors i intèrprets naturals» per a progenitors i familiars, que confien en aquests joves i adolescents per poder comunicar-se amb els proveïdors de serveis públics (professorat, personal sanitari, personal dels serveis socials, etc.) o per entendre la informació escrita que els arriba. Un dels termes que s'ha emprat, en anglès, per a descriure aquest fenomen és el de child language brokering, que des del grup MIRAS hem traduït al català com a «intermediació lingüística per part de menors» (ILM). Aquesta exposició presenta diversos testimonis de joves intermediaris lingüístics, que comparteixen les seves reflexions pel que fa a l'impacte d'aquesta tasca en diversos aspectes de la seva vida

Capsule 3 : Minimum three participants and each in their place

Producció: Zoe Catsaras i Begoña Ruiz de InfanteThe aim of this project, founded by the Directorate General for Interpretation of the European Comission and conducted by the MIRAS research group of the Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (Spain), is to promote and improve the work and training of professional interpreters in public services in a European context. This main objective is divided into the following specific goals: 1) to develop open-access audio-visual material for trainers and trainees in PSI, as well as for a general audience; 2) to give visibility to the work of Public Service interpreters in the EU space and the importance of PSI training programs 3) to introduce PSI to conference interpreting students as a means of enlarging their knowledge of interpreting modes, fields of activity and communicative contexts. The following set of seven videos is the result of this project. The first video is an introduction to PSI, while the other six portray a mediated encounter with an interpreter in a specific public service setting (healthcare, educational, social and legal). Each one of these six videos deals with one or more key-topics usually present in Public Service Interpreting (PSI) and shows two versions, a correct one and an incorrect one, of the same encounter, except for video 2, which compares the performance of an intercultural mediator (a professional profile widely present in countries such as Italy, Spain or Beligium) to the performance of a public service interpreter.The situations performed in each video are introduced and explained by a member of the project's team especialist in the topic addressed. Seven languages are used in the videos (Arabic, Catalan, Chinese, English, French, Spanish and Urdu). All the videos are subtituled into English and into Spanish