Adult attachment style across individuals and role-relationships: Avoidance is relationship-specific, but anxiety shows greater generalizability

A generalisability study examined the hypotheses that avoidant attachment, reflecting the representation of others, should be more relationship-specific (vary across relationships more than across individuals), while attachment anxiety, reflecting self-representation, should be more generalisable across a person’s relationships. College students responded to 6-item questionnaire measures of these variables for 5 relationships (mother, father, best same-gender friend, romantic partner or best opposite-gender friend, other close person), on 3 (N = 120) or 2 (N = 77) occasions separated by a few weeks. Results supported the hypotheses, with the person variance component being larger than the relationship-specific component for anxiety, and the opposite happening for avoidance. Anxiety therefore seems not to be as relationship-specific as previous research suggested. Possible reasons for discrepancies between the current and previous studies are discussed

Geographical and temporal distribution of SARS-CoV-2 clades in the WHO European Region, January to June 2020

We show the distribution of SARS-CoV-2 genetic clades over time and between countries and outline potential genomic surveillance objectives. We applied three available genomic nomenclature systems for SARS-CoV-2 to all sequence data from the WHO European Region available during the COVID-19 pandemic until 10 July 2020. We highlight the importance of real-time sequencing and data dissemination in a pandemic situation. We provide a comparison of the nomenclatures and lay a foundation for future European genomic surveillance of SARS-CoV-2.Peer reviewe

Frequency division orthogonal waveforms for narrowband MIMO arrays

Multiple-Input Multiple-Output arrays with closely spaced antennas typically utilize orthogonal waveforms to create a larger virtual aperture. Orthogonality between waveforms can be achieved using time, Doppler, coding, or frequency division. In this work we examine the method of generating frequency diverse waveforms. In general, the frequency division approach generates waveforms that have reduced bandwidth which results in reduced range resolution. To overcome this loss of range resolution more spectrum must be utilized which might not be compatible with narrowband arrays. Herein, we present an approach for generating a notched waveform set that preserves range resolution, is effectively orthogonal, and could be utilized by narrowband arrays

Intelligent and empathic agent to support student learning in virtual worlds

Virtual worlds potentially provide students with a simulated environment that can provide exposure to situations and contexts not possible in reality and allow exploration of concepts, objects and phenomena that is safe both in terms of removing any physical danger or risk of failure if poor choices are made. This is certainly true in science education. However, the exploratory nature of virtual worlds can result in a lack of focus or direction in the learning. Observation of trials with the science-based Omosa Virtual 3D world has revealed that some students lose motivation. This project aims to personalise the learning experience of science-related skills through the incorporation of intelligent agents and asks "How can intelligent agents apply educational scaffolding to the demotivated student to maximise their time and enhance their 3D virtual learning experiences?" Building on the findings of previous studies involving agent-based virtual worlds, adaptive collaborative learning and intelligent agents, an intelligent virtual agent has been designed and partially prototyped so that it provides educational scaffolding to the student learning.9 page(s