Effect of Different Resistance Exercise Methods on Post-Exercise Blood Pressure

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the post-exercise blood pressure (BP) responses to two different methods of resistance exercise (RE, traditional multiple set and tri-set). Young adult men (n = 30, 19.6 &#; 0.7 years old; 76.0 ± 2.7 kg; 178.2 ± 6.7 cm; 90.5 ± 5.8 MBP) with six months of previous experience in RE were selected. The volunteers were randomly assigned into three groups (n = 10, each group): non-exercised control group (CON); multiple set group (MS); and a tri-set group (TRI). The TRI group performed three consecutive exercises (3 sets of 10 repetitions with 70% of 1RM and 1 minute of rest interval after the three exercises for the same muscle group) in the following order: bench press, cross-over and peck-deck and lat pull-down, seated cable row and barbell row. The multiple set group performed 3 sets of 10 repetitions for the same exercises, but with 1 minute rest interval between each set and exercise. After the exercise sessions and control situation, individuals remained seated for BP measure every 5 minutes up to 90 minutes. The repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) (2 groups by three time points) was used, followed by post-hoc Bonferroni test, for p≤0.05. There were no significant alterations for systolic and diastolic blood pressure compared with the CON group and in the moments after exercise. Heart rate was increased after exercise for both exercised groups in all post-exercise measures compared with baseline. RE method (MS or TRI) exerted no influence on post-exercise blood pressure. Post-exercise induced hypotension may require the recruitment of larger muscle groups, such as those of the lower limbs

Comparison of the Video Game Functional Assessment-Revised (VGFA-R) and Internet Gaming Disorder Test (IGD-20)

Initially labeled as internet addiction in the mid-1990s (e.g., Griffiths, 1996; Young, 1996), researchers have since focused on how specific online activities result in negative consequences for those who overuse and have problems with online applications such as online gambling and online sex (Griffiths, 2000; Potenza, 2017). More recently, this has been applied to online problematic video game play, often used synonymously with terms such as online video game addiction, online gaming addiction, and Internet gaming disorder (IGD). With the publication of the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5; American Psychiatric Association [APA], 2013), IGD was identified by the APA as warranting further study. The current proposed diagnostic criterion in the DSM-5 requires the presence of five of nine symptoms over a 12-month period. These include: (a) preoccupation or obsession with Internet games, (b) withdrawal symptoms when not playing Internet games, (c) an increasing need over time to spend more and more time playing video games, (d) failed attempts to stop or curb Internet gaming, (e) loss of interest in other activities such as hobbies, (f) continued overuse of Internet games even with knowledge of the impact of overuse on their life, (g) lying about extent of Internet game usage, (h) uses Internet games to relieve anxiety or guilt, and (i) has lost or put at risk an opportunity or relationship because of Internet games (American Psychiatric Association [APA], 2013). However, it is unclear if the disorder represents addiction to the internet or if IGD evaluates specific behaviors occurring within the context of the video gaming (Starcevic and Billieux, 2017; Young and Brand, 2017)

Impact of two different resistive exercise methods on post-exercise lymphocytes plasma levels

Resistive exercise (RE) may induce muscle damage and acute inflammatory response. A single bout of intense resistive exercise may induce transient immunosuppressive effect. However, the manner that the immune system will be challenged depends in great part of the characteristic of the training session. The aim of this investigation was to determine the effect of two different RE methods on acute lymphocytes plasma levels. Young adult men (n= 10, 26.1±6.3 years old; 174.0±5.4 cm height; 76.4±13.3 kg weight; 15.48±5,42 % body fat) with no previous experience in RE were divided into two groups and both performed an exercise session in two different intensities determined by one maximum repetition (1MR) tests with one week interval between them. The training sessions consisted in tree consecutive exercises for the same muscle group (bench press, incline bench press and peck deck); the variable intensity (VI) session consisted of 3 sets for each exercise performed at 67%, 75% and 80% of 1MR while the constant intensity (CI) group performed 3 sets for each exercise at 75% of 1MR. Blood samples were obtained from an antecubital vein at rest and immediately after the exercise sessions. Lymphocytes were analyzed by dual-labeled flow cytometry. There was a significant decrease in lymphocytes post-exercise compared with pre values, only for the VI group

Medidas para adesão às recomendações de biossegurança pela equipe de enfermagem

Objective: To evaluate the knowledge on biosafety recommendations among nursing professionals working in Intensive Care Units.Method: This was a quantitative, descriptive, and cross-sectional study. An adapted questionnaire was used to evaluate adherence to biosafety recommendations.Results: Out of the 145 nursing professionals interviewed, 88.3% (128) reported having received training on biosafety. Regarding hand hygiene (HH) with soap and water, 97.9% (142) mentioned performing this procedure before and after contact with patients and before and after removing sterile gloves or executing procedures. The majority claimed to be aware of the use of PPE. Emphasis is given to weaknesses in the knowledge about the properties of alcohol and occupational risks. The main difficulty related to the use of PPE was its unavailability in the unit.Conclusion: The majority of nursing professionals demonstrated having knowledge about biosafety. However, this knowledge does not guarantee compliance to guidelines by professionals.Objetivo: Evaluar los conocimientos de las recomendaciones de bioseguridad en profesionales de enfermería en unidades de cuidados intensivos. Método: Cuantitativo, descriptivo y transversal. Se utilizó un cuestionario adaptado para evaluar el seguimiento a las normas de bioseguridad. Resultados: De 145 profesionales de enfermería 88,3%(128) mencionaron que recibieron capacitación sobre bioseguridad. Respecto de la higiene de las manos con agua y jabón, 97,9%(142) informó hacerlo antes/después del contacto con el paciente y antes/después de quitarse los guantes estériles y/o de procedimientos. La mayoría afirmó tener conocimiento sobre el uso de PPE. Destácanse fragilidades en cuanto al conocimiento de las propiedades del alcohol y los riesgos laborales. La principal dificultad señalada para utilización de los PPE fue la falta de disponibilidad de estos equipos en las unidades. Conclusión: La mayoría demostró tener conocimiento sobre bioseguridad. Sin embargo este conocimiento no asegura el cumplimiento de las normas por parte de los profesionales.Objetivo: Avaliar o conhecimento as recomendações de biossegurança junto aos profissionais de enfermagem em Unidades de Terapia Intensiva. Método: Quantitativo, descritivo e de corte transversal. Utilizou-se questionário adaptado para avaliar a adesão às recomendações de biossegurança. Resultados: Dos 145 profissionais da enfermagem entrevistados, 88,3%(128) afirmaram terem recebido capacitação acerca de biossegurança. Quanto a higienização das mãos (HM) com água e sabão, 97,9%(142) mencionaram realizar este procedimento antes/após o contato com o paciente e antes/após remoção das luvas estéreis ou de procedimentos. Por outro lado, a maioria afirmou ter conhecimento quanto ao uso de EPI. Destaca-se fragilidades ainda nos quesitos conhecimento quanto as propriedades do álcool e riscos ocupacionais. A principal dificuldade apontada para o uso desses equipamentos foi a indisponibilidade na unidade. Conclusão: A maioria dos profissionais de enfermagem demonstrou ter conhecimento sobre biossegurança. No entanto este conhecimento não garante o cumprimento das normas pelos profissionais

Isometric handgrip does not elicit cardiovascular overload or post-exercise hypotension in hypertensive older women

Background: Arterial hypertension is a serious health problem affecting mainly the elderly population. Recent studies have considered both aerobic and resistance exercises as a non-pharmacological aid for arterial hypertension treatment. However, the cardiovascular responses of the elderly to isometric resistance exercise (eg, isometric handgrip [IHG]) have not yet been documented. Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate cardiovascular responses to different intensities of isometric exercise, as well as the occurrence of post-isometric exercise hypotension in hypertensive elderly people under antihypertensive medication treatment. Patients and methods: Twelve women volunteered to participate in the study after a maximal voluntary contraction test (MVC) and standardization of the intervention workload consisting of two sessions of IHG exercise performed in four sets of five contractions of a 10-second duration. Sessions were performed both at 30% of the MVC and 50% of the MVC, using a unilateral IHG protocol.\ud Both intensities were compared with a control session without exercise. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) at rest (R), during peak exercise (PE), and after 5, 10, 15, 30, 45, and 60 minutes of post-exercise recovery were evaluated. Results: No significant changes were observed after isometric exercise corresponding to 30% MVC for either SBP (R: 121 ± 10; PE: 127 ± 14; 5 min: 125 ± 13; 10 min: 123 ± 12; 15 min: 122 ± 11; 30 min: 124 ± 11; 45 min: 124 ± 10; 60 min: 121 ± 10 mmHg) or DBP (R: 74 ± 9; PE: 76 ± 6; 5 min: 74 ± 5; 10 min: 72 ± 8; 15 min: 72 ± 5; 30 min: 72 ± 8; 45 min: 73 ± 6; 60 min: 75 ± 7 mmHg). Similarly, the 50% MVC did not promote post-isometric exercise hypotension for either SBP (R: 120 ± 7; PE: 125 ± 11; 5 min: 120 ± 9; 10 min: 122 ± 9; 15 min: 121 ± 11; 30 min: 121 ± 9; 45 min: 121 ± 9; 60 min: 120 ± 7 mmHg) or DBP (R: 72 ± 8; PE: 78 ± 7; 5 min: 72 ± 7; 10 min: 72 ± 8; 15 min: 71 ± 7; 30 min: 72 ± 8; 45 min: 75 ± 10; 60 min: 75 ± 7 mmHg). Conclusion: Our data reveal that cardiovascular overload or post-exercise hypotension did not occur in elderly women with controlled hypertension when they undertook an IHG session. Thus this type of resistance exercise, with mild to moderate intensity, with short time of contraction appears to be safe for this populationFAPESP 2011/03528-0CAPE

Dual ifgMosaic: A Versatile Method for Multispectral and Combinatorial Mosaic Gene-Function Analysis

Improved methods for manipulating and analyzing gene function have provided a better understanding of how genes work during organ development and disease. Inducible functional genetic mosaics can be extraordinarily useful in the study of biological systems; however, this experimental approach is still rarely used in vertebrates. This is mainly due to technical difficulties in the assembly of large DNA constructs carrying multiple genes and regulatory elements and their targeting to the genome. In addition, mosaic phenotypic analysis, unlike classical single gene-function analysis, requires clear labeling and detection of multiple cell clones in the same tissue. Here, we describe several methods for the rapid generation of transgenic or gene-targeted mice and embryonic stem (ES) cell lines containing all the necessary elements for inducible, fluorescent, and functional genetic mosaic (ifgMosaic) analysis. This technology enables the interrogation of multiple and combinatorial gene function with high temporal and cellular resolution.This work was supported by grants to the PI R.B. from the Spanish Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness (SAF2013-44329-P, SAF2013-42359-ERC, and RYC-2013-13209) and European Research Council (ERC-2014-StG - 638028). S.P.-Q., M.F.-C., and I.G.-G. were supported by PhD fellowships from Fundacion La Caixa (CX-SO-2013-02, CX\_E-2015-01, and CX-SO-16-1, respectively). W.L. by a FP7-PEOPLE-2012-COFUND GA600396 postdoctoral contract. We thank Simon Bartlett for English editing, Ralf H. Adams for sharing the Cdh5(PAC)-CreERT2 mice, Jose Luis de La Pompa for comments throughout the project and for sharing the Tie2-Cre mice, Gonzalo Gancedo for the help with the mouse colony, Valeria Caiolfa for the help with the microscopy, and all the members of the CNIC gene targeting, transgenesis, cellomics, and microscopy units. The CNIC is supported by MEIC/MINECO and the Pro CNIC Foundation and is a Severo Ochoa Center of Excellence (SEV-2015-0505).S

Avaliação da liderança dos enfermeiros por auxiliares e técnicos de enfermagem segundo o método 360º

Objetivo: Avaliar a liderança de enfermeiros de uma maternidade com auxiliares/técnicos de enfermagem segundo o método 360º.Método: Estudo descritivo de corte transversal. A população do estudo foi de 19 enfermeiros e 96 técnicos/auxiliares de Enfermagem. A coleta foi realizada por meio de questionário baseado no método 360º de maio de 2010 a julho de 2011Resultados: Os enfermeiros tiveram um desempenho favorável nas quatro categorias estudadas. Os técnicos/auxiliares discordaram quanto ao desempenho de liderança dos enfermeiros nas categorias “Comunicação” e “Clima de Apoio”. Na categoria “Modelo de Papel”, houve respostas de favorabilidade em todos os itens, com destaque para PAPEL18. Em “Estilo de Gestão”, o maior índice de favorabilidade foi 79% para GESTÃO16.Conclusão: As categorias “Comunicação” e “Clima de Apoio” mostraram maior fragilidade dos enfermeiros na liderança da equipe quando comparadas com as categorias “Modelo de Papel” e “Estilo de Gestão”.Palavras-chave: Avaliação de desempenho profissional. Liderança. Equipe de enfermagem.

Protective Effect of Prolactin against Methylmercury-Induced Mutagenicity and Cytotoxicity on Human Lymphocytes

Mercury exhibits cytotoxic and mutagenic properties as a result of its effect on tubulin. This toxicity mechanism is related to the production of free radicals that can cause DNA damage. Methylmercury (MeHg) is one of the most toxic of the mercury compounds. It accumulates in the aquatic food chain, eventually reaching the human diet. Several studies have demonstrated that prolactin (PRL) may be differently affected by inorganic and organic mercury based on interference with various neurotransmitters involved in the regulation of PRL secretion. This study evaluated the cytoprotective effect of PRL on human lymphocytes exposed to MeHg in vitro, including observation of the kinetics of HL-60 cells (an acute myeloid leukemia lineage) treated with MeHg and PRL at different concentrations, with both treatments with the individual compounds and combined treatments. All treatments with MeHg produced a significant increase in the frequency of chromatid gaps, however, no significant difference was observed in the chromosomal breaks with any treatment. A dose-dependent increase in the mitotic index was observed for treatments with PRL, which also acts as a co-mitogenic factor, regulating proliferation by modulating the expression of genes that are essential for cell cycle progression and cytoskeleton organization. These properties contribute to the protective action of PRL against the cytotoxic and mutagenic effects of MeHg.Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)IFPA Itaituba, Fed Inst Educ Sci & Technol Para, BR-68180000 Campinas, Para, BrazilFed Univ Para, Inst Biol Sci, BR-66075110 Belem, Para, BrazilIFPA, Educ Fed Inst Sci & Technol Para, BR-66645240 Belem, Para, BrazilUniv Para, Ctr Biol & Hlth Sci, BR-66050540 Belem, Para, BrazilFed Univ Western Para, UFOPA, BR-68040470 Santarem, Para, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Morphol & Genet, BR-04021001 São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Morphol & Genet, BR-04021001 São Paulo, BrazilWeb of Scienc

Investigating interactions between epicardial adipose tissue and cardiac myocytes: what can we learn from different approaches?

Heart disease is a major cause of morbidity and mortality throughout the world. Some cardiovascular conditions can be modulated by lifestyle factors such as increased exercise or a healthier diet, but many require surgical or pharmacological interventions for their management. More targeted and less invasive therapies would be beneficial. Recently it has become apparent that epicardial adipose tissue plays an important role in normal and pathological cardiac function, and it is now the focus of considerable research. Epicardial adipose tissue can be studied by imaging of various kinds, and these approaches have yielded much useful information. However at a molecular level it is more difficult to study as it is relatively scarce in animal models and, for practical and ethical reasons, not always available in sufficient quantities from patients. What is needed is a robust model system in which the interactions between epicardial adipocytes and cardiac myocytes can be studied, and physiologically relevant manipulations performed. There are drawbacks to conventional culture methods, not least the difficulty of culturing both cardiac myocytes and adipocytes, each of which has special requirements. We discuss the benefits of a three-dimensional co-culture model in which in vivo interactions can be replicated

Advanced Technologies for Oral Controlled Release: Cyclodextrins for oral controlled release

Cyclodextrins (CDs) are used in oral pharmaceutical formulations, by means of inclusion complexes formation, with the following advantages for the drugs: (1) solubility, dissolution rate, stability and bioavailability enhancement; (2) to modify the drug release site and/or time profile; and (3) to reduce or prevent gastrointestinal side effects and unpleasant smell or taste, to prevent drug-drug or drug-additive interactions, or even to convert oil and liquid drugs into microcrystalline or amorphous powders. A more recent trend focuses on the use of CDs as nanocarriers, a strategy that aims to design versatile delivery systems that can encapsulate drugs with better physicochemical properties for oral delivery. Thus, the aim of this work was to review the applications of the CDs and their hydrophilic derivatives on the solubility enhancement of poorly water soluble drugs in order to increase their dissolution rate and get immediate release, as well as their ability to control (to prolong or to delay) the release of drugs from solid dosage forms, either as complexes with the hydrophilic (e.g. as osmotic pumps) and/ or hydrophobic CDs. New controlled delivery systems based on nanotechonology carriers (nanoparticles and conjugates) have also been reviewed