Revisando a História da enfermagem com Florence Nightingale: Revolução na Higiene e organização hospitalar.

Este artigo tem como propósito aprofundar o conhecimento sobre a vida e legado de Florence Nightingale, com ênfase em sua notável influência na enfermagem moderna. Analisamos seu papel durante a Guerra da Crimeia, seus métodos revolucionários de administração hospitalar e o impacto contínuo que ela exerce sobre a prática da enfermagem contemporânea.  Foram empregados os indexadores Google Scholar, Scopus e Web of Science como ferramentas de pesquisa para a seleção dos artigos. Foram utilizados os seguintes termos de busca: "Enfermagem”, “Florence Nightingale”, “Higiene”, “Cuidados de Saúde”, “Guerra da Crimeia”, “Diagrama Rosa”, “Legado” e “Enfermagem Moderna". Ao final desse processo, foram obtidos um conjunto de 20 fontes de literatura, que inclui livros e artigos acadêmicos, que serviram como base para os resultados desta pesquisa. A meta deste estudo é oferecer uma compreensão mais abrangente das origens da enfermagem e inspirando a aplicação dos princípios de Nightingale em suas trajetórias profissionais

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

O perfil semiológico do paciente portador de hemorragia digestiva alta

OBJETIVO: O seguinte estudo objetivou descrever a semiologia do paciente portador de hemorragia digestiva alta, considerando como determinante na avaliação de potencias focos hemorrágicos. METODOLOGIA: Foram realizadas buscas nas plataformas do SciELO, LILACS, PubMed, Scopus e Google Scholar,utilizando os descritores gastrointestinal bleeding, peptic ulcerous disease e varicose hemorrhage, sendo identificados 35 estudos, dos quais foram incluídos 13 artigos completos. Desses estudos, 5 avaliaram as principais etiologias, 2 o surgimento de novos testes diagnósticos, 2 analisaram os aspectos epidemiológicos e 1 a sintomatologia apresentada pelo acometimento da hemorragia digestiva alta. Observou-se inicialmente a abundâncias de informações conceituais sobre o sangramento, como um transtorno clínico comum, acompanhada de inúmeras manifestações, considerando que o foco hemorrágico pode ocorrer em qualquer porção do trato gastrointestinal. Neste estudo, todas as publicações eleitas apresentaram o quadro semiológico composto por algia abdominal, indícios de choque hipovolêmico e taquicardia, alguns exibiram quedas abruptas da pressão arterial, odinofagia, êmese, náuseas e estado ictérico. Os pacientes implicados, cronicamente, já manifestaram ocorrências prévias, devido ao caráter recidivante torna-se essencial investigar a existência de varizes, fístula aorto-entérica, angiodisplasia e doença ulcerosa. CONCLUSÃO: Elucida-se que a hemorragia digestiva alta representa a principal causa de sangramento do trato gastrointestinal, majoritamente manifesta-se como hematêmese ou melena e cursam com o quadro sintomatológico que auxilia na avaliação da gravidade deste e o embasamento de potenciais focos de sangramento e que contribuam para disseminação de informações e intervenções futuras

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Mesoporous carbon derived from a biopolymer and a clay: Preparation, characterization and application for an organochlorine pesticide adsorption

The production of carbon-based materials is a field of intense scientific research due to the diversity of potential applications that this kind of material presents. In this paper, it is reported the synthesis of porous carbonaceous material (PCM) based on the pyrolysis at 850 degrees C of a composite made of Laponite (commercially available synthetic clay) and Cassava starch, followed by clay removal through acid digestion. The Laponite presence influenced the structural order and textural properties of the pyrolytic carbon formed. After pyrolysis and acid digestion of clay, it was obtained a material with a partial graphitic structure containing majorly sp(2) bounded carbon atoms, that has almost twice the specific surface area and up to 20 times more mesopore volume than the carbonaceous material obtained without the clay. The adsorbent potential of PCM was evaluated by adsorption of Dicamba, an organochlorine pesticide, from aqueous solutions. The PCM exhibits a high Dicamba removal efficiency, with a maximum adsorption capacity of 251.9 mg g(-1) related to a pseudo-second-order kinetic adsorption model with a strong pH dependence. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior - CAPESFundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais - FapemigFundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo - FapespConselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico - CNPqFAPEMIGUniv Fed Vicosa, Inst Ciencias Exatas & Tecnol, Campus Rio Paranaiba,Rodovia BR 354,Km 310, BR-38810000 Rio Paranaiba, MG, BrazilUniv Sao Paulo, Inst Quim, Dept Quim Fundamental, Ave Lineu Prestes 748, BR-05508000 Sao Paulo, SP, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Paulo, Inst Ciencias Ambientais Quim & Farmaceut, Dept Ciencias Exatas & Terra, Rua Sao Nicolau 210, BR-09913030 Diadema, SP, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Paulo, Inst Ciencias Ambientais Quim & Farmaceut, Dept Ciencias Exatas & Terra, Rua Sao Nicolau 210, BR-09913030 Diadema, SP, BrazilFAPEMIG: APQ-00706-11FAPEMIG: CEX - RED-00010-14FAPESP: 2011/50318-1CNPq: 312384/2013-0Web of Scienc

LAYERED DOUBLE HYDROXIDES: NANOMATERIALS FOR APPLICATIONS IN AGRICULTURE

The current research aims to introduce Layered Double Hydroxides (LDH) as nanomaterials to be used in agriculture, with particular reference to its use as storage and slow release matrix of nutrients and agrochemicals for plant growing. Structural characteristics, main properties, synthesis methods and characterization of LDH were covered in this study. Moreover, some literature data have been reported to demonstrate their potential for storage and slow release of nitrate, phosphate, agrochemicals, besides as being used as adsorbent for the wastewater treatment. This research aims to expand, in near future, the investigation field on these materials, with application in agriculture, increasing the interface between chemistry and agronomy

LAYERED DOUBLE HYDROXIDES: NANOMATERIALS FOR APPLICATIONS IN AGRICULTURE

The current research aims to introduce Layered Double Hydroxides (LDH) as nanomaterials to be used in agriculture, with particular reference to its use as storage and slow release matrix of nutrients and agrochemicals for plant growing. Structural characteristics, main properties, synthesis methods and characterization of LDH were covered in this study. Moreover, some literature data have been reported to demonstrate their potential for storage and slow release of nitrate, phosphate, agrochemicals, besides as being used as adsorbent for the wastewater treatment. This research aims to expand, in near future, the investigation field on these materials, with application in agriculture, increasing the interface between chemistry and agronomy

Removal of Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulphonate and Cetyltrimethylammonium Bromide Using a Carbon Composite Derived from Modified Zn–Al-Layered Double Hydroxide

We describe the synthesis of a composite carbon derived from zinc–aluminium-layered double hydroxides. The material was characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared/attenuated total reflectance spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis–differential scanning calorimetry–mass spectrometry, measurement of BET specific surface area, zeta-potential analysis and scanning electron microscopy. The resulting material was used for adsorption studies with an anionic surfactant, sodium dodecylbenzenesulphonate, and a cationic surfactant, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, as adsorbates. The adsorption of the surfactants was well described by the typical Langmuir pattern. An investigation of the influence of initial pH of a medium on surfactant adsorption showed that high pH values decrease the adsorption capacity of the adsorbent. The adsorption processes were exothermic. The results also showed that the adsorption of the two surfactants was chemical and that the kinetic models were best described by a pseudo-second-order model