Caracterización de pacientes con tromboembolismo pulmonar atendidos en el Hospital Clínico Quirúrgico Docente “Dr. León Cuervo Rubio”

Introduction: pulmonary thromboembolism is a clinical situation triggered by the obstruction of the pulmonary arteries by a thrombus in situ or from the venous system.Objective: to characterize deceased patients with a diagnosis of pulmonary thromboembolism treated at the "Dr. Leon Cuervo Rubio” Teaching Surgical Clinical Hospital.Method: observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study of deceased patients diagnosed with pulmonary thromboembolism, treated at the “Dr. León Cuervo Rubio” Teaching Surgical Clinical Hospital between January 2018 and December 2019. The universe consisted of 63 patients with a pathological diagnosis of pulmonary thromboembolism, working with all the patients.Results: There was a predominance of male patients (63,49 %) and age groups between 71 and 80 years (36,51 %), with age over 65 years (80,95 %) and immobility due to more than 72 hours (49,21 %) as the most common risk factors. Predominance of patients with tachycardia (98,41 %) and tachypnea (96,82 %) as clinical manifestations was found. 65,7 % of the patients presented occlusion of large caliber branches, and pulmonary infarction in 89% of the patients.Conclusions: It is concluded that male patients, past the sixth decade of life and immobilized for several days, are likely to die in the event of pulmonary thromboembolism; presenting tachycardia and tachypnea as clinical manifestations. Occlusion of large caliber branches, as well as pulmonary infarction, occur to a great extent in patients.Introducción: el tromboembolismo pulmonar es una situación clínica desencadenada por la obstrucción de las arterias pulmonares por un trombo in situ o procedente del sistema venoso.Objetivo: caracterizar a los pacientes fallecidos con diagnóstico de tromboembolismo pulmonar atendidos en el Hospital Clínico Quirúrgico Docente “Dr. León Cuervo Rubio”.Método: estudio observacional, descriptivo y transversal a los pacientes fallecidos con diagnóstico de tromboembolismo pulmonar, atendidos en el Hospital Clínico Quirúrgico Docente “Dr. León Cuervo Rubio” entre enero de 2018 y diciembre de 2019. El universo estuvo constituido por 63 pacientes con diagnóstico anatomopatológico de tromboembolismo pulmonar, se trabajó con la totalidad de los pacientes.Resultados: Se encontró predominio de pacientes del sexo masculino (63,49 %) y de los grupos etarios entre 71 y 80 años (36,51 %), con la edad mayor de 65 años (80,95 %) y la inmovilidad por más de 72 horas (49,21 %) como factores de riesgo más comunes. Se encontró predominio de pacientes con taquicardia (98,41 %) y taquipnea (96,82 %) como manifestaciones clínicas. El 65,7 % de los pacientes presentó oclusión de ramas de gran calibre, y  infarto pulmonar en el 89 % de los pacientes.Conclusiones: los pacientes del sexo masculino, pasados la sexta década de vida e inmovilizados por varios días son propensos a fallecer ante la ocurrencia de un tromboembolismo pulmonar; presentando taquicardia y taquipnea como manifestaciones clínicas. En los pacientes se presenta en gran medida oclusión de ramas de gran calibre, así como el infarto pulmonar

Caracterización de divertículos duodenales diagnosticados en pacientes con litiasis biliar

Introduction: diseases of the small intestine are numerous, from the wide variety of infectious alterations to tumors or motility defects.Objective: to characterize duodenal diverticula in patients with gallstones in the province of Pinar del Río.Method: des- criptive, cross-sectional study in the period from January 2018 to December 2019. The universe consisted of 187 patients with gallstones diagnosed with duodenal diverticula, who attended the Provincial Gastroenterology Service of Pinar del Río. It worked with the entire universe. Variables such as age, sex, personal pathological history, clinical manifestations, radiological diagnosis and location of the papilla in relation to the position of the diverticulum were analyzed.Results: the female sex predominated (68.9%) and those older than 75 years were the most affected age group (24.6%). Cholecystectomy was the most frequent personal pathological history (48.6%). 60.9% of the patients presented jaundice. The papilla was located inside the diverticula in 61% of the cases and 95 patients had residual bile duct stones.Conclusions: duodenal diverticula in patients with gallstones were more frequent in females and in the age group older than 75 years. Cholecystectomy was the predominant antecedent and the most frequent clinical manifestation was jaundice. In relation to duodenal diverticula, the papilla was located within them.Introducción: las enfermedades del intestino delgado son numerosas, desde la extensa variedad de alteraciones infecciosas hasta los tumores o defectos de la motilidad.Objetivo: caracterizar los divertículos duodenales en pacientes con litiasis biliar diagnosticados en el servicio de Gastroenterología Provincial del Hospital General “Abel Santamaría Cuadrado” de la provincia de Pinar del Río, en el período de enero de 2018 a diciembre de 2019.Método: se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo, de corte transversal en el período de enero de 2018 a diciembre de 2019. El universo estuvo constituido por 187 pacientes con litiasis biliar diagnosticados con divertículos duodenales, que acudieron al Servicio de Gastroenterología Provincial de Pinar del Río. Se trabajó con todo el universo.Resultados: predominó el sexo femenino (68, 9 %) y los mayores de 75 años fue el grupo etario más afectado (24,6 %). La colecistectomía fue el antecedente patológico personal más frecuente (48,6 %). El 60,9 % de los pacientes presentó ictericia. La papila fue localizada en el interior de los divertículos en el 61 % de los casos y 95 pacientes presentaron litiasis residual del colédoco.Conclusiones: los divertículos duodenales en pacientes con litiasis biliar fueron más frecuentes en el sexo femenino y en el grupo etario de mayores de 75 años. La colecistectomía fue el antecedente que predominó y la manifestación clínica de mayor frecuencia fue la ictericia. En relación a los divertículos duodenales, la papila fue localizada dentro los mismos

The Mice at play in the CALIFA survey: A case study of a gas-rich major merger between first passage and coalescence

We present optical integral field spectroscopy (IFS) observations of the Mice, a major merger between two massive (>10^11Msol) gas-rich spirals NGC4676A and B, observed between first passage and final coalescence. The spectra provide stellar and gas kinematics, ionised gas properties and stellar population diagnostics, over the full optical extent of both galaxies. The Mice provide a perfect case study highlighting the importance of IFS data for improving our understanding of local galaxies. The impact of first passage on the kinematics of the stars and gas has been significant, with strong bars likely induced in both galaxies. The barred spiral NGC4676B exhibits a strong twist in both its stellar and ionised gas disk. On the other hand, the impact of the merger on the stellar populations has been minimal thus far: star formation induced by the recent close passage has not contributed significantly to the global star formation rate or stellar mass of the galaxies. Both galaxies show bicones of high ionisation gas extending along their minor axes. In NGC4676A the high gas velocity dispersion and Seyfert-like line ratios at large scaleheight indicate a powerful outflow. Fast shocks extend to ~6.6kpc above the disk plane. The measured ram pressure and mass outflow rate (~8-20Msol/yr) are similar to superwinds from local ULIRGs, although NGC4676A has only a moderate infrared luminosity of 3x10^10Lsol. Energy beyond that provided by the mechanical energy of the starburst appears to be required to drive the outflow. We compare the observations to mock kinematic and stellar population maps from a merger simulation. The models show little enhancement in star formation during and following first passage, in agreement with the observations. We highlight areas where IFS data could help further constrain the models.Comment: 23 pages, 13 figures, accepted to A&A. A version with a complete set of high resolution figures is available here: http://www-star.st-and.ac.uk/~vw8/resources/mice_v8_astroph.pd

UNA APROXIMACIÓN EN LA CULTURA CUBANA ACERCA DE LOS MOLUSCOS

 An analysis of the main beliefs, myths, uses and other social and cultural manifestations of mollusks (snails, slugs and others) in Cuba is presented, based on ethnological work carried out in different locations on the island of Cuba, from the 2010, until 2020. In order to carry out the research, methods of sociocultural research, such as those at the theoretical and empirical level, were used in their dialectical interrelation, among which the following stand out: historical - logical, analytical - synthetic, inductive - deductive, all from the theoretical level, and from the empirical level, the interview and documentary analysis. More than 500 residents throughout the national territory were interviewed and the answers to the questions that the authors considered the most significant were chosen. The presence of snails at different levels of the social and cultural life of the Island of Cuba, gives mollusks an extraordinary importance. Key words: Cuba – mollusks – shells – slug – snailsSe presenta un análisis de las principales creencias, mitos, usos y otras manifestaciones sociales y culturales de los moluscos (caracoles, babosas y otros) en Cuba, sobre la base de un trabajo etnológico realizado en diferentes localidades de la Isla de cuba, desde el 2010, hasta el 2020. Para la realización de la investigación se utilizaron métodos propios de las investigaciones socioculturales, como los del nivel teórico y empíricos, en su interrelación dialéctica, entre los que se destacan: histórico - lógico, analítico - sintético, inductivo - deductivo, todos del nivel teórico, y del nivel empírico, la entrevista y análisis documental. Fueron entrevistados más de 500 pobladores en todo el territorio nacional y se escogieron las respuestas a las preguntas que los autores consideraron las más significativas. La presencia de los caracoles en diferentes niveles de la vida social y cultural de la Isla de Cuba, le concede a los moluscos una extraordinaria importancia. Palabras clave: babosa – caracoles – conchas – Cuba – molusco

GOECP/SEOR radiotheraphy guidelines for non-small-cell lung cancer

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a heterogeneous disease accounting for approximately 85% of all lung cancers. Only 17% of patients are diagnosed at an early stage. Treatment is multidisciplinary and radiotherapy plays a key role in all stages of the disease. More than 50% of patients with NSCLC are treated with radiotherapy (curative-intent or palliative). Technological advances-including highly conformal radiotherapy techniques, new immobilization and respiratory control systems, and precision image verification systems-allow clinicians to individualize treatment to maximize tumor control while minimizing treatment-related toxicity. Novel therapeutic regimens such as moderate hypofractionation and advanced techniques such as stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) have reduced the number of radiotherapy sessions. The integration of SBRT into routine clinical practice has radically altered treatment of early-stage disease. SBRT also plays an increasingly important role in oligometastatic disease. The aim of the present guidelines is to review the role of radiotherapy in the treatment of localized, locally-advanced, and metastatic NSCLC. We review the main radiotherapy techniques and clarify the role of radiotherapy in routine clinical practice. These guidelines are based on the best available evidence. The level and grade of evidence supporting each recommendation is provided

Carotenoides en agroalimentación y salud

Los carotenoides son compuestos especiales; si bien es común referirse a ellos como pigmentos, lo cierto es que son compuestos de gran versatilidad e importancia en la naturaleza. Más específicamente, son de gran interés en agroalimentación y salud. Así, por ejemplo, son pigmentos naturales y por lo tanto tienen un importante papel en la elección de alimentos por parte de los consumidores. Asimismo, algunos de ellos son precursores de la vitamina A. Sin embargo, que cada vez exista más interés en los carotenoides en este contexto se debe en gran parte a muchos estudios de distinta naturaleza que indican que pueden proporcionar beneficios para la salud. Su interés en alimentación funcional es por lo tanto indudable. En este libro se refleja la experiencia en carotenoides de un gran número de profesionales de la región iberoamericana. En conjunto, se ofrece una visión general de la investigación sobre estos compuestos en agroalimentación y salud. Los autores son miembros de la red ibercarot (http://carotenoides.us.es), que tiene entre sus objetivos conformar una red estable y funcional de profesionales que aúnen esfuerzos en pos de identificar nuevas fuentes de carotenoides de interés nutricional, mejorar su producción y aumentar el valor de los productos que los contengan. Me gustaría agradecer a todas y cada una de las personas que han contribuido de una u otra forma a que este libro sea una realidad. Todos esperamos que sea de ayuda para personas interesadas en los temas desarrollados. Gracias especialmente al Programa Iberoamericano de Ciencia y Tecnología para el Desarrollo (Cyted, http:// www.cyted.org/) que, con su apoyo económico a la red ibercarot, ha hecho posible que varias decenas de equipos interaccionen en torno a temas de interés común para contribuir al desarrollo a distintos niveles de la región iberoamericana.RED TEMÁTICA IBERCAROT (referencia 112RT445) http://carotenoides.us.es PROGRAMA IBEROAMERICANO DE CIENCIA Y TECNOLOGIA PARA EL DESARROLLO – CYTEDPeer reviewe

Treatable traits in the NOVELTY study

CorrigendumVolume 27, Issue 12, Respirology, pages: 1095-1095. First Published online: November 6, 2022 10.1111/resp.14406International audienceAsthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are two prevalent and complex diseases that require personalized management. Although a strategy based on treatable traits (TTs) has been proposed, the prevalence and relationship of TTs to the diagnostic label and disease severity established by the attending physician in a real-world setting are unknown. We assessed how the presence/absence of specific TTs relate to the diagnosis and severity of 'asthma', 'COPD' or 'asthma + COPD'

The burden of mild asthma: Clinical burden and healthcare resource utilisation in the NOVELTY study

Background: Patients with mild asthma represent a substantial proportion of the population with asthma, yet there are limited data on their true burden of disease. We aimed to describe the clinical and healthcare resource utilisation (HCRU) burden of physician-assessed mild asthma.Methods: Patients with mild asthma were included from the NOVEL observational longiTudinal studY (NOVELTY; NCT02760329), a global, 3-year, real-world prospective study of patients with asthma and/or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease from community practice (specialised and primary care). Diagnosis and severity were based on physician discretion. Clinical burden included physician-reported exacerbations and patient-reported measures. HCRU included inpatient and outpatient visits.Results: Overall, 2004 patients with mild asthma were included; 22.8% experienced ≥1 exacerbation in the previous 12 months, of whom 72.3% experienced ≥1 severe exacerbation. Of 625 exacerbations reported, 48.0% lasted >1 week, 27.7% were preceded by symptomatic worsening lasting >3 days, and 50.1% required oral corticosteroid treatment. Health status was moderately impacted (St George's Respiratory Questionnaire score: 23.5 [standard deviation ± 17.9]). At baseline, 29.7% of patients had asthma symptoms that were not well controlled or very poorly controlled (Asthma Control Test score <20), increasing to 55.6% for those with ≥2 exacerbations in the previous year. In terms of HCRU, at least one unscheduled ambulatory visit for exacerbations was required by 9.5% of patients, including 9.2% requiring ≥1 emergency department visit and 1.1% requiring ≥1 hospital admission.Conclusions: In this global sample representing community practice, a significant proportion of patients with physician-assessed mild asthma had considerable clinical burden and HCRU