69 research outputs found
Avaliação EconĂłmica de Ticagrelor em Prevenção SecundĂĄria PĂłs SĂndroma CoronĂĄria Aguda
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: To estimate the cost-effectiveness and cost-utility of ticagrelor in the treatment of patients with acute coronary syndromes (unstable angina or myocardial infarction with or without ST-segment elevation), including patients treated medically and those undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention or coronary artery bypass grafting.
METHODS: A short-term decision tree and a long-term Markov model were used to simulate the evolution of patients' life-cycles. Clinical effectiveness data were collected from the PLATO trial and resource use data were obtained from the Hospital de Santa Marta database, disease-related group legislation and the literature.
RESULTS: Ticagrelor provides increases of 0.1276 life years and 0.1106 quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) per patient. From a societal perspective these clinical gains entail an increase in expenditure of âŹ610. Thus the incremental cost per life year saved is âŹ4780 and the incremental cost per QALY is âŹ5517.
CONCLUSIONS: The simulation results show that ticagrelor reduces events compared to clopidogrel. The costs of ticagrelor are partially offset by lower costs arising from events prevented. The use of ticagrelor in clinical practice is therefore cost-effective compared to generic clopidogrel
Cost-effectiveness of ticagrelor plus aspirin versus aspirin in acute ischaemic stroke or transient ischaemic attack: an economic evaluation of the THALES trial
Health economics; StrokeEconomĂa de la salud; IctusEconomia de la salut; IctusObjective THALES demonstrated that ticagrelor plus aspirin reduced the risk of stroke or death but increased bleeding versus aspirin during the 30 days following a mild-to-moderate acute non-cardioembolic ischaemic stroke (AIS) or high-risk transient ischaemic attack (TIA). There are no cost-effectiveness analyses supporting this combination in Europe. To address this, a cost-effectiveness analysis was performed.
Methods Cost-effectiveness was evaluated using a decision tree and Markov model with a short-term and long-term (30-year) horizon. Stroke, mortality, bleeding and EuroQol-5 Dimension (EQ-5D) data from THALES were used to estimate short-term outcomes. Model transitions were based on stroke severity (disabling stroke was defined as modified Rankin Scale >2). Healthcare resource utilisation and EQ-5D data beyond 30 days were based on SOCRATES, another trial in AIS/TIA that compared ticagrelor with aspirin. Long-term costs, survival and disutilities were based on published literature. Unit costs were derived from national databases and discounted at 3% annually from a Swedish healthcare perspective.
Results One-month treatment with ticagrelor plus aspirin resulted in 12 fewer strokes, 4 additional major bleeds and cost savings of âŹ95â000 per 1000 patients versus aspirin from a Swedish healthcare perspective. This translated into increased quality-adjusted life-years (0.04) and reduced societal costs (ââŹ1358) per patient over a lifetime horizon. Key drivers of cost-effectiveness were number of patients experiencing subsequent disabling stroke and degree of disability. Findings were robust over a range of input assumptions.
Conclusion One month of treatment with ticagrelor plus aspirin is likely to improve outcomes and reduce costs versus aspirin in mild-to-moderate AIS or high-risk TIA.AstraZeneca funded the THALES trial and the cost-effectiveness analysis of this study
Cost-Effectiveness of Ticagrelor Plus Aspirin Versus Aspirin in Acute Ischaemic Stroke or Transient Ischaemic Attack: An Economic Evaluation of the THALES Trial
OBJECTIVE: THALES demonstrated that ticagrelor plus aspirin reduced the risk of stroke or death but increased bleeding versus aspirin during the 30 days following a mild-to-moderate acute non-cardioembolic ischaemic stroke (AIS) or high-risk transient ischaemic attack (TIA). There are no cost-effectiveness analyses supporting this combination in Europe. To address this, a cost-effectiveness analysis was performed.
METHODS: Cost-effectiveness was evaluated using a decision tree and Markov model with a short-term and long-term (30-year) horizon. Stroke, mortality, bleeding and EuroQol-5 Dimension (EQ-5D) data from THALES were used to estimate short-term outcomes. Model transitions were based on stroke severity (disabling stroke was defined as modified Rankin Scale \u3e2). Healthcare resource utilisation and EQ-5D data beyond 30 days were based on SOCRATES, another trial in AIS/TIA that compared ticagrelor with aspirin. Long-term costs, survival and disutilities were based on published literature. Unit costs were derived from national databases and discounted at 3% annually from a Swedish healthcare perspective.
RESULTS: One-month treatment with ticagrelor plus aspirin resulted in 12 fewer strokes, 4 additional major bleeds and cost savings of âŹ95â000 per 1000 patients versus aspirin from a Swedish healthcare perspective. This translated into increased quality-adjusted life-years (0.04) and reduced societal costs (-âŹ1358) per patient over a lifetime horizon. Key drivers of cost-effectiveness were number of patients experiencing subsequent disabling stroke and degree of disability. Findings were robust over a range of input assumptions.
CONCLUSION: One month of treatment with ticagrelor plus aspirin is likely to improve outcomes and reduce costs versus aspirin in mild-to-moderate AIS or high-risk TIA.
TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT03354429
Dosimetry tools and techniques for IMRT
Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/98734/1/MPH001313.pd
Fritidspedagogen som försvann eller Vem bryr sig om fritids?
GĂTEBORGS UNIVERSITET
Institutionen för pedagogik och didaktik
ABSTRACT
Titel: Fritidspedagogen som försvann eller Vem bryr sig om fritids?
Författare: Carina Brockmar, Susanne Rikner
Handledare: Mikael Nilsson
Examinator: Owe StrÄhlman
Typ av arbete: Examensarbete 10 p
Program och kurs: LĂ€rarprogrammet med inriktning mot yngre Ă„ldrar, LAU 350
Antal sidor: 26
Datum: 5 juni, 2006
_________________________________________________________________________
Inledning:
Fritidshemmet och fritidspedagogerna har stÀllts inför stora förÀndringar de senaste femton Ären. LÀrarutbildningen har ocksÄ förÀndrats och fÄ studenter vÀljer inriktning mot yngre Äld-rar och fritidshem. Vi ville veta mer om hur det blivit sÄ hÀr och varför fritidshemmet blivit sÄ osynligt i utbildningarna.
Syfte:
Syftet med examensarbetet Àr att sÀtta fokus pÄ fritidshemmet och lÀraren med inriktning mot fritidshem samt stÀlla utvecklingen i utbildningen i relation till situationen ute i arbetslivet. Vi vill problematisera resultatet av utvecklingen och undersöka om utvecklingen Àr önskvÀrd eller beror pÄ okunskap.
Metod:
Vi har anvÀnt oss av halvstrukturerade intervjuer och litteraturstudier som metod
Resultat:
Intervjuerna uttrycker och bekrĂ€ftar vĂ„r oro inför utvecklingen. Kunskapen om yrket och verksamheterna Ă€r lĂ„g. Litteraturen bekrĂ€ftar att det Ă€r skolan som gjort de största vinsterna av utvecklingen, dĂ„ fritidshemmen integrerats i skolan och samverkan utvecklas mellan verk-samheterna. MĂ„nga utttrycker ett âosynliggörandeâ av yrkesidentitet och verksamhet. Konse-kvenserna av de dubbla yrkesrollerna som pedagogerna mot yngre Ă„ldrar skulle fĂ„ Ă€r dĂ„ligt belyst, och resultatet av förĂ€ndringarna i utbildningen tenderar att sĂ€nka statusen pĂ„ dessa inriktningar.
Diskussion:
VÄr oro inför yrkets framtid och verksamheten fritidshem har genom litteraturstudier och in-tervjuer bekrÀftats. Skolans kultur dominerar kunskapssyn samt ofta Àven verksamhet och pedagoger i fritidshem efter fritidshemmets integration i skolan. Kunskapen om verksamheten och yrket Àr lÄgt bÄde hos studenter sÄvÀl som lÀrarutbildare och allmÀnhet. Kunskapen om och anvÀndningen av styrdokumentet AllmÀnna rÄd för fritidshem Àr lÄg. Mer kunskap behövs om vad som gÄr förlorat i den utveckling som nu sker.
Sökord:
Fritidshem, fritidspedagog, LÀrare med inriktning mot yngre Äldrar, AllmÀnna rÄd för fritids-hem, fritidspedagogi
To build on cultural heritage â discourse about Liljevalchs art gallery and its annex
This thesis is about Liljevalchs art gallery in Stockholm and its intended annex, which is now under
construction and will be completed in 2021. The purpose of the thesis is to identify different kinds of
discourse regarding both Liljevalchs art gallery and the annex. This is done through a discourse
analysis of different types of texts about Liljevalchs, written by art historians, Stockholm City
Museum and Stockholm Planning Office. Texts from the architectural competition of the annex,
describing the annex as well as the original art gallery, are also analyzed. In discourse analysis,
language is thought not only to play a significant part in constructing the environment, but also in
shaping our opinions about it. The thesis aims to make the different discourses visible, so that they
can be examined and analyzed regarding their consequences, especially for the cultural heritage.
Liljevalchs art gallery was built between 1914 and 1916, and was designed by the Swedish architect
Carl Bergsten (1879-1935). It was the first independent, public museum for contemporary art in
Sweden. In the 1980âs it was appointed as a building of particularly high cultural value by the
Stockholm City Museum. It is described, both in the discourses of architectural history and cultural
history, as a pioneering work in Swedish architecture as one of the first modernistic buildings in
Sweden. It is especially valued for its sculpture hall, its atrium, its main entrance and also its interior.
The discourse of cultural history values Liljevalchs long tradition as an important institution in the
Swedish art society, as well as the fact that its interior and exterior are well-preserved.
The architects behind the winning entry in the architectural competition of the annex, WingÄrdhs
Arkitektkontor, emphasize the similarities between the original art gallery and the annex in their
description of it. However, the pictures of their entry shows an annex which differs from its main
building. The jury in the competition praises the annex as a playful addition to Liljevalchs, and
connects it to Liljevalchs folksy spirit rather than to Bergstens iconic building. If this discourse about
the annex will remain will be a question for future research.Uppsats för avlÀggande av filosofie kandidatexamen med huvudomrÄdet kulturvÄrd med inriktning mot
bebyggelseantikvarisk verksamhet
2020, 180 hp
GrundnivÄ
2020:1
HÄllbar skönhet : En studie om cirkulÀr design inom skönhetsindustrin
Miljöproblemen vÀxer i takt med den allt ökade konsumtionen, genom att mÀnniskan idag konsumerar mer Àn vad planeten kan hantera. Om vi ska uppnÄ Agenda 2030 och mÄl 12, som innebÀr en hÄllbar konsumtion och produktion, krÀvs det en mer social, ekonomisk och ekologisk hÄllbar utveckling. DÀr har konsumenten en viktig roll att axla, dÄ det Àr genom konsumentens val av produkter och varor som det pÄverkar hur företag jobbar och utvecklar deras produkter, affÀrsmodeller och distributioner. Genom att frÀmja ÄteranvÀndning och Ätervinning av material som redan finns till hands eller som blir över i produktionen, sÄ kan mÄlet mot en mer cirkulÀr ekonomi uppnÄs. Det kan dÀrmed skapas ett kretslopp mellan företag och konsument som kan bli en viktig del mot en mer hÄllbar och cirkulÀr skönhetsindustri. Syftet bakom denna studie var att undersöka, ur ett cirkulÀrt designperspektiv, hur hygienartiklars förpackningar kan bidra till en hÄllbar konsumtion. Det visade sig att de flesta mÀnniskor anvÀnder sig av dessa sorters produkter utan att vara medveten om den miljöpÄverkan som dessa hygienartiklar har, samt att de inte har nÄgon aning om hur deras egna vanor och beteenden kan ha en pÄverkan pÄ miljön. Samtidigt sÄ önskar allt fler att fÄ ta del av information om hur de kan förbÀttra sin livsstil för att leva och agera sÄ miljömedvetet som möjligt
Waldorf Teachers and Environmental Issues : - Behavior, Values, Attitudes and Feelings of Responsibility
Today it has become critical that people adapt their behavior and lifestyles to environmental constraints. Teachers are supposed to teach pupils to accept personal responsibility in regard to these problems. The pedagogies of Waldorf and public schools have different outlooks on nature, hence it was hypothesized that Waldorf and public teachers would differ in regard to pro-environmental behavior and factors explaining such actions. An e-questionnaire measuring pro-environmental behavior, biospheric and altruistic values, feelings of personal responsibility, and pro-environmental attitudes was filled out by 68 Waldorf teachers and 73 public teachers from different municipalities in Sweden. The results suggest that Waldorf teachers report higher biospheric values (partial eta2 = .46, p < .001), more pro-environmental behavior (partial eta2 = .39, p < .001), more feelings of personal responsibility, (partial eta2 = .32, p < .001), and higher altruistic values (partial eta2 = .12, p < .001), than public school teachers do. There were a few limitations in reliability and possibly with social desirability. However, the present study paves the way for an understanding of how pedagogy can be of help in preventing further environmental problems
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