A case of uterine inclusion cysts in a sow

Serosal inclusion cysts are thin walled-structures located on the peritoneal surface of the uterus, frequently observed as multiple cystic structures in aggregates or grape-like clusters containing a clear, non-viscous fluid. In human and veterinary medicine, they are thought to be developed under hormonal effects, or after manipulation or inflammation of the reproductive tract. However, they have not yet been described in swine. A uterus of a 3-year-old crossbreed sow was condemned at slaughter due to the presence of multiples cystic cavities attached to the serosal surface. Microscopically, multiple cystic dilations emerging from the serosa were lined by a simple and flattened epithelium (cytokeratine positive and vimentin negative on immunohistochemistry) supported by a subepithelial layer of collagen. Grossly and histologically, they were diagnosed as serosal inclusion cysts. To the authors' knowledge, this report represents the first description of serosal inclusion cysts in sows. These lesions should be taken into consideration within the differential diagnostic list of cystic peritoneal lesions such as cystic neoplasms, congenital cysts, and parasitic diseases

Descripción socioambiental y análisis de las fuentes de agua de la microcuenca La Jabonera (Estelí, Nicaragua)

El objetivo principal de este proyecto es la caracterización de la microcuenca la Jabonera (Estelí, Nicaragua) enfatizando el agua como factor clave que conecta todos los elementos que interaccionan en la microcuenca y que, además delimita el área de estudio. El trabajo de campo ha consistido básicamente en la georeferenciación de los puntos de interés, la realización de encuestas a la población y la evaluación de las fuentes de agua y del agua del río mediante análisis fisicoquímicos. En el procesamiento de la información se ha elaborado cartografía temática mediante la herramienta SIG que ha servido de soporte para la interpretación de los resultados. Las características morfométricas y biofísicas favorecen que el agua precipitada se pierda rápidamente por escorrentía superficial con una tendencia moderada a crecidas e inundaciones. El agua infiltrada circula rápidamente por fracturas del material geológico con tiempos de tránsito cortos, y además, el área de recarga de los nacientes es local por lo que las fuentes son especialmente vulnerables a períodos de sequía y a la contaminación en su entorno cercano. El estudio de usos del suelo junto con la realización de análisis del agua ha permitido determinar que los agroquímicos son la principal fuente potencial de contaminación del agua en la microcuenca. Los resultados obtenidos muestran la necesidad de llevar a cabo una gestión integrada del territorio que garantice un desarrollo socioambiental sostenible.L'objectiu principal d'aquest projecte és la caracterització de la microconca La Jabonera (Estelí, Nicaragua) emfatitzant l'aigua com a factor clau que connecta tots els elements que interaccionen a la microconca i que, a més delimita l'àrea d'estudi. El treball de camp ha consistit bàsicament en la georeferenciació dels punts d'interès, la realització d'enquestes a la població i l'avaluació de les fonts d'aigua i de l'aigua del riu mitjançant análisis. En el processament de la informació s'ha elaborat cartografia temàtica mitjançant l'eina SIG que ha servit de suport a la interpretació dels resultats. Les característiques morfomètriques i biofísques afavoreixen que l'aigua precipitada es perdi ràpidament per escorrentia superficial amb una tendència moderada a crescudes i inundació. L'aigua infiltrada circula ràpidament per fractures del material geològic amb temps de trànsit curts, i a més, l'àrea de recàrrega dels naixents és local pel que les fonts són especialment vulnerables a períodes de sequera i a la contaminació en el seu entorn proper. L'estudi d'usos del sòl juntament amb la realització d'anàlisis a l'aigua ha permès determinar que els agroquímics són la principal font potencial de contaminació de l'aigua a la microconca. Els resultats obtinguts mostren la necessitat de dur a terme una gestió integrada del territori que garanteixi un desenvolupament socioambiental sostenible.The main aim of this project is to portray La Jabonera, a microbasin from Estelí, Nicaragua, emphasizing the role of the water as the key connector of all the elements interacting in the microbasin while delimiting the studied area. The field work has basically involved the georeference of the main locations, surveying the population as well as evaluating the water sources and the river water by physicochemical analysis. During the information processing, a SIG-based thematic cartography had been carried out, which it has also been useful to interpret the work results. The morphometric and biophysical characteristics favor the leaking of precipitated water by surface runoff, in a moderate flood trend. The infiltrated water rapidly flows during a brief amount of time through faulted geological material. Furthermore, the recharge area of the springs is local, and so the sources are especially vulnerable to drought periods and nearby pollution. The studies of ground use along with water analysis allowed establishing that the agrochemicals are the main potential water sources pollution in the micro basin. The obtained results show the need to carry out an integrated territory management that guarantees a sustainable socioenvironmental development

Climate change drives migratory range shift via individual plasticity in shearwaters.

How individual animals respond to climate change is key to whether populations will persist or go extinct. Yet, few studies investigate how changes in individual behavior underpin these population-level phenomena. Shifts in the distributions of migratory animals can occur through adaptation in migratory behaviors, but there is little understanding of how selection and plasticity contribute to population range shift. Here, we use long-term geolocator tracking of Balearic shearwaters (Puffinus mauretanicus) to investigate how year-to-year changes in individual birds' migrations underpin a range shift in the post-breeding migration. We demonstrate a northward shift in the post-breeding range and show that this is brought about by individual plasticity in migratory destination, with individuals migrating further north in response to changes in sea-surface temperature. Furthermore, we find that when individuals migrate further, they return faster, perhaps minimizing delays in return to the breeding area. Birds apparently judge the increased distance that they will need to migrate via memory of the migration route, suggesting that spatial cognitive mechanisms may contribute to this plasticity and the resulting range shift. Our study exemplifies the role that individual behavior plays in populations' responses to environmental change and highlights some of the behavioral mechanisms that might be key to understanding and predicting species persistence in response to climate change

Treatment with tocilizumab or corticosteroids for COVID-19 patients with hyperinflammatory state: a multicentre cohort study (SAM-COVID-19)

Objectives: The objective of this study was to estimate the association between tocilizumab or corticosteroids and the risk of intubation or death in patients with coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) with a hyperinflammatory state according to clinical and laboratory parameters. Methods: A cohort study was performed in 60 Spanish hospitals including 778 patients with COVID-19 and clinical and laboratory data indicative of a hyperinflammatory state. Treatment was mainly with tocilizumab, an intermediate-high dose of corticosteroids (IHDC), a pulse dose of corticosteroids (PDC), combination therapy, or no treatment. Primary outcome was intubation or death; follow-up was 21 days. Propensity score-adjusted estimations using Cox regression (logistic regression if needed) were calculated. Propensity scores were used as confounders, matching variables and for the inverse probability of treatment weights (IPTWs). Results: In all, 88, 117, 78 and 151 patients treated with tocilizumab, IHDC, PDC, and combination therapy, respectively, were compared with 344 untreated patients. The primary endpoint occurred in 10 (11.4%), 27 (23.1%), 12 (15.4%), 40 (25.6%) and 69 (21.1%), respectively. The IPTW-based hazard ratios (odds ratio for combination therapy) for the primary endpoint were 0.32 (95%CI 0.22-0.47; p < 0.001) for tocilizumab, 0.82 (0.71-1.30; p 0.82) for IHDC, 0.61 (0.43-0.86; p 0.006) for PDC, and 1.17 (0.86-1.58; p 0.30) for combination therapy. Other applications of the propensity score provided similar results, but were not significant for PDC. Tocilizumab was also associated with lower hazard of death alone in IPTW analysis (0.07; 0.02-0.17; p < 0.001). Conclusions: Tocilizumab might be useful in COVID-19 patients with a hyperinflammatory state and should be prioritized for randomized trials in this situatio

Descripción socioambiental y análisis de las fuentes de agua de la microcuenca La Jabonera (Estelí, Nicaragua)

El objetivo principal de este proyecto es la caracterización de la microcuenca la Jabonera (Estelí, Nicaragua) enfatizando el agua como factor clave que conecta todos los elementos que interaccionan en la microcuenca y que, además delimita el área de estudio. El trabajo de campo ha consistido básicamente en la georeferenciación de los puntos de interés, la realización de encuestas a la población y la evaluación de las fuentes de agua y del agua del río mediante análisis fisicoquímicos. En el procesamiento de la información se ha elaborado cartografía temática mediante la herramienta SIG que ha servido de soporte para la interpretación de los resultados. Las características morfométricas y biofísicas favorecen que el agua precipitada se pierda rápidamente por escorrentía superficial con una tendencia moderada a crecidas e inundaciones. El agua infiltrada circula rápidamente por fracturas del material geológico con tiempos de tránsito cortos, y además, el área de recarga de los nacientes es local por lo que las fuentes son especialmente vulnerables a períodos de sequía y a la contaminación en su entorno cercano. El estudio de usos del suelo junto con la realización de análisis del agua ha permitido determinar que los agroquímicos son la principal fuente potencial de contaminación del agua en la microcuenca. Los resultados obtenidos muestran la necesidad de llevar a cabo una gestión integrada del territorio que garantice un desarrollo socioambiental sostenible.L’objectiu principal d’aquest projecte és la caracterització de la microconca La Jabonera (Estelí, Nicaragua) emfatitzant l'aigua com a factor clau que connecta tots els elements que interaccionen a la microconca i que, a més delimita l'àrea d'estudi. El treball de camp ha consistit bàsicament en la georeferenciació dels punts d’interès, la realització d’enquestes a la població i l’avaluació de les fonts d’aigua i de l’aigua del riu mitjançant análisis. En el processament de la informació s’ha elaborat cartografia temàtica mitjançant l’eina SIG que ha servit de suport a la interpretació dels resultats. Les característiques morfomètriques i biofísques afavoreixen que l’aigua precipitada es perdi ràpidament per escorrentia superficial amb una tendència moderada a crescudes i inundació. L’aigua infiltrada circula ràpidament per fractures del material geològic amb temps de trànsit curts, i a més, l’àrea de recàrrega dels naixents és local pel que les fonts són especialment vulnerables a períodes de sequera i a la contaminació en el seu entorn proper. L’estudi d’usos del sòl juntament amb la realització d’anàlisis a l’aigua ha permès determinar que els agroquímics són la principal font potencial de contaminació de l’aigua a la microconca. Els resultats obtinguts mostren la necessitat de dur a terme una gestió integrada del territori que garanteixi un desenvolupament socioambiental sostenible.The main aim of this project is to portray La Jabonera, a microbasin from Estelí, Nicaragua, emphasizing the role of the water as the key connector of all the elements interacting in the microbasin while delimiting the studied area. The field work has basically involved the georeference of the main locations, surveying the population as well as evaluating the water sources and the river water by physicochemical analysis. During the information processing, a SIG-based thematic cartography had been carried out, which it has also been useful to interpret the work results. The morphometric and biophysical characteristics favor the leaking of precipitated water by surface runoff, in a moderate flood trend. The infiltrated water rapidly flows during a brief amount of time through faulted geological material. Furthermore, the recharge area of the springs is local, and so the sources are especially vulnerable to drought periods and nearby pollution. The studies of ground use along with water analysis allowed establishing that the agrochemicals are the main potential water sources pollution in the micro basin. The obtained results show the need to carry out an integrated territory management that guarantees a sustainable socioenvironmental development

A case of uterine inclusion cysts in a sow

Background: Serosal inclusion cysts are thin walled-structures located on the peritoneal surface of the uterus, frequently observed as multiple cystic structures in aggregates or grape-like clusters containing a clear, non-viscous fluid. In human and veterinary medicine, they are thought to be developed under hormonal effects, or after manipulation or inflammation of the reproductive tract. However, they have not yet been described in swine. Case presentation: A uterus of a 3-year-old crossbreed sow was condemned at slaughter due to the presence of multiples cystic cavities attached to the serosal surface. Microscopically, multiple cystic dilations emerging from the serosa were lined by a simple and flattened epithelium (cytokeratine positive and vimentin negative on immunohistochemistry) supported by a subepithelial layer of collagen. Grossly and histologically, they were diagnosed as serosal inclusion cysts. Conclusion: To the authors' knowledge, this report represents the first description of serosal inclusion cysts in sows. These lesions should be taken into consideration within the differential diagnostic list of cystic peritoneal lesions such as cystic neoplasms, congenital cysts, and parasitic diseases.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Circulation des marchandises et réseaux commerciaux dans les Pyrénées (XIIe - XIXe siècle)

Les Pyrénées témoignent de la vigueur des échanges : les populations y commercent en toutes circonstances. Les sources font état d’échanges sur chacun des versants et entre le nord et le sud de la chaîne, et mettent en évidence un négoce transpyrénéen intéressant des marchés plus larges où la montagne et ses hommes ne participent qu’au transit des produits. Si une première approche permet d’entrevoir globalement le trafic, un certain nombre de questions se pose sur sa nature précise, l’influence des marches de part et d’autre des Pyrénées ou le rôle des marchands. Réunissant des chercheurs venus des deux côtés des Pyrénées, ces journées se fixent comme objectif de tester toutes les approches du sujet sous l’angle de l’histoire économique, sociale, culturelle, anthropologique et juridique.Els Pirineus testimonien el vigor dels intercanvis, on les poblacións hi comercien en totes les circunstancies les ions mostren intercanvis en cada vessant de la serralada i a la vegada entre totes dues vessants. Alhora evidencien un negoci transpirinenc que afecta uns mercats mes amplis en que la muntanya i els homes contribueixenn tan sols, en el transit. Una primera aproximacio permet percebre el comerç global Resten les questions sobre el sèu carácter précis l’influencio dels mercats en totes dues ports deis Pirineus, o bé el paper dels mercaders. L’objectiu d’aquestes jornades, que reuneixen investigadors tant del nord com del sud, és aproximar se aquest tema a traves de la historia económica, social, cultural, antropológica i jurídica

The risk of COVID-19 death is much greater and age dependent with type I IFN autoantibodies

International audienceSignificance There is growing evidence that preexisting autoantibodies neutralizing type I interferons (IFNs) are strong determinants of life-threatening COVID-19 pneumonia. It is important to estimate their quantitative impact on COVID-19 mortality upon SARS-CoV-2 infection, by age and sex, as both the prevalence of these autoantibodies and the risk of COVID-19 death increase with age and are higher in men. Using an unvaccinated sample of 1,261 deceased patients and 34,159 individuals from the general population, we found that autoantibodies against type I IFNs strongly increased the SARS-CoV-2 infection fatality rate at all ages, in both men and women. Autoantibodies against type I IFNs are strong and common predictors of life-threatening COVID-19. Testing for these autoantibodies should be considered in the general population

The risk of COVID-19 death is much greater and age dependent with type I IFN autoantibodies

International audienceSignificance There is growing evidence that preexisting autoantibodies neutralizing type I interferons (IFNs) are strong determinants of life-threatening COVID-19 pneumonia. It is important to estimate their quantitative impact on COVID-19 mortality upon SARS-CoV-2 infection, by age and sex, as both the prevalence of these autoantibodies and the risk of COVID-19 death increase with age and are higher in men. Using an unvaccinated sample of 1,261 deceased patients and 34,159 individuals from the general population, we found that autoantibodies against type I IFNs strongly increased the SARS-CoV-2 infection fatality rate at all ages, in both men and women. Autoantibodies against type I IFNs are strong and common predictors of life-threatening COVID-19. Testing for these autoantibodies should be considered in the general population